Chapter 2: Structures

This chapter lists the structures you can use to customize APS.

% BEGIN

Description:

Use in conditional or looping statement blocks to control the number of columns that APS moves the blocks during processing. The number of columns that % BEGIN is indented from a conditional or looping construct is the same number of columns that APS moves the subordinate block to the left. For example, if % BEGIN is indented four columns from an IF statement, all lines subordinate to % BEGIN move four columns to the left during processing. Any text at the same or lesser indentation than % BEGIN stops the effect of % BEGIN, and default processing resumes. Default processing moves the block to the starting column of the controlling conditional or looping construct.

Syntax:

% BEGIN

Comments:

Do not use the Customization Facility function &columnnumber+source with % BEGIN.

Examples:

Override default processing to shift the IF statement's subordinate statement block to start at column 12. Default processing shifts the block instead to the starting column of the IF statement--column 8--as shown below:

Input:

Column:  8...12..16
         % IF &TYPE = 'NEW'
             01  INV-ITEM.
                 05  PART-CLASS.
                     10  PART-NUMBER PIC X(5).

Default output:

Column:  8...12..16
         01  INV-ITEM.
             05  PART-CLASS.
                 10  PART-NUMBER PIC X(5).

Use % BEGIN to force the statement block to start at column 12:

Input:

Column:  8...12..16
         % IF &TYPE = 'NEW'
             % BEGIN
             01  INV-ITEM.
                 05  PART-CLASS.
                     10  PART-NUMBER PIC X(5).

Output:

Column:  8...12..16
             01  INV-ITEM.
                 05  PART-CLASS.
                     10  PART-NUMBER PIC X(5).

See...	For more information about...
Functions, Customization Facility	Specifying the column number to place source code in the output
% REPEAT % UNTIL/WHILE	Placement of looping structure output

Comments

Description:

Document Customization Facility source code with Comments.

Syntax:

%* comment text

Comments:

A comment can start in any column, but must appear on a line by itself.
Indent Comments at the same or lesser indentation as the source code above it so that you do not interrupt the proper COBOL indentation of your macro.

Example:

% DEFINE $SAMPLE-MACRO( ARG1, ARG2)
%* comment text
%* more comment text

See...	For more information about...
APS Reference Comments	Documenting APS source with Comments

Continuation

Description:

Continue Customization Facility statements on additional lines.

Description:

Statement	Continuation Method
Macro definition	Break the line after any comma in the argument list; skip to the next line and code a percent symbol, space, ellipsis, and at least one space (% ... ).
Macro call	Break the line after any comma in the argument list; skip to the next line and code an ellipsis and at least one space (... ).
Literal string in a variable assignment statement	Break the line anywhere in the string by coding a hyphen; skip to the next line and code a percent symbol, space, ellipsis, and at least one space (% ... ).
All other statements	Break the line after a blank space by coding a hyphen; skip to the next line and code a percent symbol, space, ellipsis, and at least one space (% ... ).

Examples:

Continue a macro definition.

% DEFINE $SAMPLE-MACRO( &ARG1, &ARG2, &ARG3, 
% ... &ARG4)

Continue a macro call.

$TABLE-MAKER( 3, 4, 'ENTRY', 'ITEM', 
... 'X(4) VALUE SPACES')

Continue a literal string variable value by coding a hyphen anywhere in the string.

% &VARIABLE = 'THIS WORKS-
% ... FINE'
% &VARIABLE = 'THIS WORKS FI-
% ... NE TOO'

Continue other statements where a space occurs.

% REPEAT VARYING &IM-TARG FROM -
% ... 1 TO 20
% IF &APS-IDENT < 8 -
% ... OR &APS-INDENT > 11

See...	For more information about...
APS Reference: "About Data Communication Calls" "About Data Structures" "About Database Calls" "About S-COBOL Structures"	Continuing APS statements

% DECLARE

Description:

Define a % DECLARE table made of variable assignments that can be referenced either directly (after assigning values to its subscripts), or by searching with the % LOOKUP structure. Help access a loaded table made of variable assignments.

Syntax:

 % DECLARE &fieldname(&subscript1)[...(&subscriptN)]  
   [ % &declarepart1      [Xn|Nn|REDEFINES]
   .
   .
   .
     % &declarepartN       [Xn|Nn|REDEFINES]]
[% END]

Parameters:

&declarepart

Subscript-part of &fieldname. Indentation indicates subordination. Note the following:

Do not use an &declarepart as a &subscript.
If an alphanumeric or numeric picture clause (Xn or Nn) assigns a fixed length to a &declarepart, and &fieldname has more than one &declarepart, each &declarepart needs a picture clause.
The maximum &declareparts sum in one DECLARE structure level is 78 bytes.
The maximum number of &declareparts per table is 1000.

&fieldname

Name-assignment statement with zero or more subscripts and up to 78 &declareparts in each structure level.

&subscript

Set members of single- or multi-dimensional arrays. Values are numbers or strings (maximum 12 characters). For numeric values, the counter starts at 1 and increments until the end of the numeric value. The maximum number of &subscripts per program is 300.

Comments:

Assign at least one &declarepart of each &fieldname a value in order to reference other &declareparts for the same &fieldname.
Values of &declareparts can be changed by conventional APS variable assignment statements.
&Declareparts can be accessed in the same manner as any other variable except when accessed by the following functions: &INDEX, &LENGTH, &NUMERIC, &PARSE, &SUBSTR.
&Declareparts can be redefined with REDEFINES or REDEF. REDEFINES indicates that it shares the same DECLARE storage as the &declarepart immediately preceding it at the same level of indentation.
The maximum number of % DECLARE tables per program is 200.

Examples:

Although &subscript &KEY has already been set to several values, the most common value is 1. The current values of &FILE and &KEY&FILE-KEY-NAME determine &FILE-KEY-1-NAME, whereas &FILE-KEY-1-NAME always references key 1, regardless of the &KEY value.
```
% DECLARE &(&FILE)-KEY-(&KEY)-A
    % &FILE-KEY-NAME        X30
    % &FILE-KEY-TYPE        X
    % &FILE-KEY-LEN         N4
% DECLARE &(&FILE)-KEY-1-A
    % &FILE-KEY-1-NAME      X30
    % &FILE-KEY-1-TYPE      X
    % &FILE-KEY-1-LEN       N4
   .
   .
   .
```

Access fixed-length strings of screen field attribute records that are stored in the SCRSYMB file. The following % DECLARE:

% DECLARE &(&SCX-SCR)-XFLD-(&SCX-FLD)
    % &SCP-FLD-NAME                   X16
    % &SCP-REP-CNT                    N3
    % &SCP-REP-COL                    N3
    % &SCP-FLD-SHORT                  X8
    % &SCP-FLD-FI
        % &SCP-FLD-LEN                N3
        % &SCP-FLD-ROW                N3
        % &SCP-FLD-COL                N3
        % &SCP-FLD-ATTRS
            % &SCP-FLD-PROT           X
            % &SCP-FLD-INTENS-FLG     X
            % &SCP-FLD-MDT-FLG        X
            % &SCP-FLD-NUM-FLG        X
        % &SCP-FLD-EXT-ATTRS
            % &SCP-FLD-RVID-FLG       X
            % &SCP-FLD-BLINK-FLG      X
            % &SCP-FLD-UNDER-FLG      X
            % &SCP-FLD-COLOR          X2
            % &SCP-FLD-DET-FLG        X
    % &SCP-FLD-EDIT-FLG               N
    % &SCP-FLD-IM-MOD                 X

Accommodates these fixed-length record strings stored in SCRSYMB:

% &DMOL-XFLD-1 = "PART-NBR   0 08  8  6 19UNTFFFF  F1F"
% &DMOL-XFLD-2 = "SHORT-DESC 0 0  13  8 19PNTFFFF  F0F"
% &DMOL-XFLD-3 = "LOCATION   5 3  12 12  5PNTFFFF  F0F"
   .
   .
   .

Directly reference a DECLARE table.

% DECLARE &VS-(&VSX-FILE)-KEY-(&VSX-KEY)-B
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-VOL                X8
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-SPACE              X20
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-CICZ               X20
   .
   .
   .
% &VSX-FILE = "FILE3"
% &VSX-KEY = 2
   .
   .
   .
% &VOL = &VSP-FILE-KEY-VOL

Reference a DECLARE table with % LOOKUP.

% DECLARE &IMS-PCB-(&PCBX)-SEG-(&SEGX)
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-NAME                 X30
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-IMSNAME              X8
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPTS
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-GET      N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-ISRT     N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-REPL     N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-DLET     N
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-LEN                  N6
   .
   .
   .
% LOOKUP &IMS-PCB-SEG-NAME = &THE-SEG-NAME-YOU-WANT FROM 1 1
   .
   .
   .
% ELSE
   .
   .
   .

Reference a loaded table by coding a table of value assignments; use % DECLARE to name the table and define &subs for the table name.

% DECLARE &OPERATOR-(&OPR)
    % &OPERATOR            X2
    % &OPERATOR-SYMBOL     X
% &OPERATOR-1 = "EQ="
% &OPERATOR-2 = "LT<"
% &OPERATOR-3 = "GT>"
% &OPERATOR-4 = "MI-"
% &OPERATOR-5 = "PL+"
% &OPERATOR-6 = "TIX"
% &OPERATOR-7 = "DI/"

Load a table of value assignments by varying the &subs of a % DECLARE statement.

% DECLARE &VS-OPT-(&VSX-OPT)
    % &VS-FILE-OPT
% REPEAT VARYING &VSX-OPT FROM 1
% WHILE &DEFINED(&SCR-OPTS-<&VSX-OPT>)
    % &VS-FILE-OPT = &DEFVAL

See...	For more information about...
% LOOKUP	Referencing a % DECLARE table

% DEFINE

Description:

Specify the name and formal arguments when defining a macro in a USERMACS file or APS program.

Syntax:

% DEFINE $macroname [(&formalarg1[, &formalarg2,
% ... &formalarg3, ..., &formalarg1000])]
  statementblock
[% END]

Parameters:

&formalarg	Formal argument list. Formal arguments receive their values from actual arguments in a macro call. Separate arguments with a comma and optionally one or more spaces. Enclose the argument list in parentheses.
$macroname	Valid COBOL name.

Examples:

Define a macro with three formal arguments whose values are supplied by a call that invokes the macro.

% DEFINE $ITEM-MAKER( &MM, &DATANAME, &TAIL)
.
.
.
% END

Macro call:

$ITEM-MAKER( 12, 'TEST-ITEM', 'S9(9) COMP SYNC VALUE -1')

See...	For more information about...
Macro Call	Calling macros

Error Handling, Macros

Compatibility

All targets

Description:

APS writes error messages to a temporary file, passes them to the APS Precompiler, and displays them in the final APS message report of the compile.

Sending Messages

Send your own messages to the report, classified with a severity level, by coding one of the following SET statements:

% SET FATAL messagetext
% SET ERROR messagetext
% SET WARNING messagetext
% SET INFO messagetext

% SET FATAL ends all translation. Enclose variables in the message text within evaluation brackets.

Error Trace

% SET TRACE ERROR is an error trace mechanism that appears by default in the APS CNTL file APSDBDC. The trace identifies:

Line of source that caused the error
Active % INCLUDE statements
Active macros
Number of loops completed at the time of error (if applicable)

The severity codes of errors traced are: F(atal), E(rror), W(arning), and I(nformation). To exclude Information messages, append the keyword NOINFO to the % SET TRACE ERROR statement. To trace a selected section of your macro or program, code % SET TRACE ERROR and the beginning of the section, and % SET NOTRACE at the end.

Debugging with WRITE-CONTROL

% SET WRITE-CONTROL prints all Customization Facility input source in the output source, enabling you to view both the input and output source together, in context. It prints all error messages immediately below the source lines in error; they appear as COBOL Comments. This feature is especially helpful when examining complicated evaluation bracket processing.

See...	For more information about...
% SET Statements	Coding other % SET statements
Evaluation Brackets	Processing with evaluation brackets

% ESCAPE

Description:

Stop processing the remaining lines of a macro and resume processing with the line immediately following the macro call.

Syntax:

% ESCAPE

See...	For more information about...
APS Reference: "ESCAPE" "STOP RUN"	Terminating APS programs
APS Reference: "MSG-SW" "LINK" "XCTL"	Calling or linking to other programs or subprograms

Evaluation Brackets

Description:

Specify the order in which the Customization Facility evaluates variable values.

Syntax:

Format 1:

... <% source> [...]

Format 2:

... <source> [...]

Parameters:

source

Can include:

An arithmetic expression; can include variables, numbers, and literals.
Variables

Comments:

In a line that contains source in evaluation brackets, the Customization Facility processor evaluates that source first.
In a line that contains multiple evaluation brackets, the processor evaluates the innermost bracket first, and the outermost bracket last.
The Customization Facility processor evaluates evaluation bracket source as follows:
- Replaces Customization Facility variables with their assigned values
- Calculates the result if the source is a non-Customization Facility expression--that is, if the first character inside the brackets is not the % character
- Does not calculate the result if the source is a Customization Facility expression--that is, if the first character inside the brackets is the % character
Bracketed source in % UNTIL and % WHILE loops is evaluated at each iteration of the loop; source in % REPEAT and % REPEAT VARYING loops is evaluated just once.

The default evaluation bracket characters are the < and > characters. Depending on how you use them, they can be either evaluation brackets or relational operators, as shown below.

Evaluation bracket:	<source>
Greater-than operator:	source > source
Less-than operator:	source < source
Greater-than or equal to operator:	source >= source
Less-than or equal to operator:	source <= source

To override the default evaluation bracket characters, change the value of the % SET EVAL-BRACKETS statement in the APS CNTL file, APSDBDC. Do not define parentheses as bracket characters; we recommend using the square bracket characters [ and ] instead. You can also define a second, or auxiliary, set of evaluation brackets. When doing so, follow these rules:
- Ensure that a first set of bracket characters is defined by the % SET EVAL-BRACKETS statement.
- Define the auxiliary bracket characters by defining the % SET EVAL-BRACKETS-AUX statement:
At intermediate stages in the use of evaluation brackets, a line of text can be expanded to exceed the right margin as long as the final line of output source fits in columns 7-72 (or 1-80 in Lang=Text mode, or 1-72 in Lang=JCL mode). Check the values on your APS Precompiler Options window.

Examples:

Before Customization Facility processing:

% &VAR = 6
% &XVAR = 7
    .
    .
    .
    ... <% &VAR + 3 + &XVAR>
    .
    .
    .
    ... <&VAR + 3 + &XVAR>

After Customization Facility processing:

The Customization Facility processor replaces the variables in the first set of brackets with their values, but does not calculate the result because the source is a Customization Facility statement, as indicated by the % symbol inside the brackets. At the next processing step--APS generation--the APS generator calculates the result.

The Customization Facility processor replaces the variables in the second set of brackets with their values and calculates the result, because the source is not a Customization Facility statement.

    .
    .
    .
    ... <6 + 3 + 7>
    .
    .
    .
    ... <16>

Before Customization Facility processing:

% &ITEM-COUNT = 75
% &PKG-COUNT = <&ITEM-COUNT + 50> / 50

After Customization Facility processing:

The Customization Facility adds 75 to 50 and divides the result by 50; assigns the result--2--as the value of &PKG-COUNT.

See...	For more information about...
% SET Statements	Defining evaluation bracket characters
Macro Call	Using evaluation brackets to code in-line macros

Functions, Customization Facility

Description:

Perform predefined processes in a Customization Facility macro or APS program.

Syntax:

&APS-EPILOGUE
 
&APS-FULL
&APS-HALF
 
&APS-INDENT
 
&APS-PROGRAM-ID
 
&APS-PSB-NAME
 
&columnnumber+source
 
&COMPILETIME
 
&DEFINED( $macroname|&variablename)
 
&DEFVAL
 
&INDEX( 'wholestring', 'characterstring')
 
&LENGTH( string)
 
&NUMERIC( &variablename)
                 "literalstring"
&PARSE( &string[, &variable      ])
                 number
 
&SUBSTR( string, startcolumn[, length])
 
&dataname+-suffix

Description:

&APS-EPILOGUE	Returns the last macro call in the EPILOGUE queue. For information about calling macros with % SET EPILOGUE, see % SET Statements.
&APS-FULL	Returns a full-word binary PIC, a string containing a 4-byte (full-word) binary picture specification: PIC S9(9) COMP.
&APS-HALF	Returns a half-word binary PIC, a string containing a 2-byte (half-word) binary picture specification: PIC S9(4) COMP.
&APS-INDENT	Returns the indentation level for the current macro. Contains the column position of the $ of the invoking macro; otherwise, contains the column position of the left margin (usually column 7 for COBOL).
&APS-PROGRAM-ID	Returns the PROGRAM-ID name from the Identification Division.
&APS-PSB-NAME	Returns the user-specified PSB or subschema name for your program.
&columnnumber+source	Specifies the column number at which to place source code in the output.
&COMPILETIME	Returns the date and time of the compile: dd mmm yy hh.mm.ss.
&DEFINED	Determines whether a specific macro or variable has a defined value. Returns a true value (1) if defined, and a false value (0) if not defined.
&DEFVAL	Returns the string or number value of the last &DEFINED variable, the string or number in &variablename.
&INDEX	Searches a string left to right for the first occurrence of a character-string. Returns a number identifying its character position; return 0 if no character string. Delimiting quotes are not included in the character position. (See also &SUBSTR below.)
&LENGTH	Returns a number specifying the length of the argument string. Leading and trailing blanks are included as part of a string; delimiting quotation marks are not.
&NUMERIC	Determines whether a variable is numeric. Returns a true value (1) if numeric and a false value (0) if non-numeric.
&PARSE	Parses a Customization Facility text string. &String must be a variable with a string value. The second argument can be either a literal text string, a variable with a string value, or a number (the number turns into a string). The second argument is matched against the first argument (the string value of &string). The part of the &string value following the match is stored back into &string with the leading and trailing spaces eliminated. Then, the part of the &string value preceding the match returns as the value of the parsing function, again with no leading and trailing spaces. In matching the second string inside the first string, the match does not begin within a string that is embedded (quoted) within the first string.
&SUBSTR	Extracts a substring from a string, starting with startcolumn and continuing for substringlength. String can be an alphanumeric literal string delimited with quotation marks, or a variable with a string value. Startcolumn and substringlength can be a number or variable; if substringlength is omitted, the substring includes all characters from startcolumn onward. Note the following: If startcolumn is greater than substringlength, or if substringlength is 0, the result is an empty string. If startcolumn plus substringlength is greater than substringlength, the result begins with string start character and ends with its last character; the substring is not padded with blanks.
&dataname+suffix	Appends a literal suffix to a variable data name by coding a plus symbol (+) in the space between them. During processing, the plus symbol disappears (it is not replaced with a space), and the suffix appends onto the resolved variable value.

Comments:

Use the associative memory structures % DECLARE and % LOOKUP as alternatives to the following functions: &INDEX, &LENGTH, &NUMERIC, &PARSE, &SUBSTR.

Examples:

Enforce the position of certain macros.

% DEFINE $TP-ENTRY
    % IF &APS-INDENT < 8 OR &APS-INDENT > 11
        % SET ERROR $TP-ENTRY MUST BE INVOKED
        % ... IN AREA A

If &FILE-2 and &FILE-3 have defined values, add them to the close statement.

CLOSE &FILE-1
% IF &DEFINED( &FILE-2)
    ... &FILE-2
% IF &DEFINED( &FILE-3)
    ... &FILE-3

Save two symbol lookups every time a loop is performed. Replace the following code:

% REPEAT VARYING &SC-I FROM 1
% WHILE &DEFINED( &<&SCR>-FLD-<&SC-I>)
    % &VAR = &<&SCR>-FLD-<&SC-I>
% END

With this code:

% REPEAT VARYING &SC-I FROM 1
% WHILE &DEFINED( &<&SCR>-FLD-<&SC-I>)
    % &VAR= &DEFVAL
% END

Search for the first occurrence of the character string is. The value 3 is returned.
```
&INDEX( 'THIS IS AN EXAMPLE', 'IS')
```

Set &II to true and test for its numeric value.

% &II = 1
% IF &NUMERIC( &II)
    /* YOU WILL GET THIS TEXT
    .
    .
    .
% END

Use + to append the suffix -ROUTINE to the variable &SCOPE and signify that they are two separate parts, not one variable called &SCOPE-ROUTINE.

Input source:

% &SCOPE = 'CALC'
PERFORM &SCOPE+-ROUTINE

Output source:
```
PERFORM CALC-ROUTINE
```

Extract a substring from the string value of &PREFIX, starting with column 1 and continuing for 23 characters.

% &PREFIX = &SUBSTR( &PREFIX, 1, 23)

Extract substring values from the values of &RANDOM and &STUFF, and assign the result to MY-LANGUAGE. Note that &QT defines the delimiter character as the apostrophe; the quotation marks delimiting the string values are not considered part of the string and are stripped from the output.

Input source:

% &QT = "'"
% &RANDOM = &SUBSTR( "MEANINGLESS", 1, 4)
% &STUFF = &SUBSTR( "EXAMPLE", 3, 5)
MY-LANGUAGE = &QT&RANDOM&STUFF&QT

Output source:

MY-LANGUAGE = 'MEANAMPLE'

See...	For more information about...
% DECLARE % LOOKUP	Associative memory structures
% SET Statements	Calling EPILOGUE macros
Sample Macros	Examples: of functions

% IF/ELSE-IF/ELSE

Description:

Evaluate a condition.

Syntax:

 % IF condition1
  statementblock
 % ELSE-IF condition2
  statementblock
 % ELSE-IF conditionN
  statementblock
 % ELSE
  statementblock
[% END]

Parameters:

condition

Can be a:

Number, literal enclosed in apostrophes or quotation marks, or variable; followed by a space and a relational operator; followed by a space and a value. To specify multiple conditions, use the Boolean operators AND or OR with no parentheses.

Relational operator can be: =, NOT =, <, >, NOT <, NOT >, <=, >=.

Value can be a number, a literal enclosed in apostrophes or quotation marks, or a variable.

Comments:

Indent each level of subordinate source code a consistent number of columns; we recommend four columns.
During processing, the Customization Facility moves statement blocks to the starting columns of their controlling % IF, % ELSE-IF, and % ELSE statements.
The limit of % ELSE-IFs for a single % IF is 199.
This structure executes identically to the S-COBOL IF/ELSE-IF/ELSE structure. See the "IF/ELSE-IF/ELSE" topic in the APS Reference.

Examples:

Test a variable for a numeric condition.

% IF &LEN = 80
% IF &APS-INDENT < 8

Test a variable for multiple conditions.

% IF &APS-INDENT < 8 OR &APS-INDENT > 11

Test a variable for a true condition, represented by the value 1.

% &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-A = 0
% &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-B = 1
% IF &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-B
    statementblock

Nest conditional statements.

% IF condition1
  statementblock1
    % IF condition2
        % IF condition3
  statementblock2
        % ELSE-IF condition4
        % ELSE-IF condition5
  statementblock3
        % ELSE
  statementblock4
    % ELSE
  statementblock5
        % IF condition6
            % IF condition7
  statementblock6
  statementblock7

See...	For more information about...
% REPEAT % UNTIL/WHILE	Conditional processing
% IF Structure Example	Examples: of conditional processing

% INCLUDE

Description:

Open, read, and process a user-defined macro, copybook, or other file in an APS program.

Syntax:

% INCLUDE ddname[(membername)] [submember]

Parameters:

ddname	Data set containing the file to include. Can be a partitioned data set, sequential file, or instream data set.
membername	Member of ddname
submember	Submember of membername

Comments:

If you include a copybook that contains an indexed table, use % INCLUDE.
In your program, you can code % INCLUDE in a file that is INCLUDEd; you can have up to ten levels of nested INCLUDEs.
Always use an SY* keyword--such as SYM1--with an % INCLUDE to specify where to put the included file in the program.

Examples:

Include a macro at the top of the program.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYM1   % INCLUDE USERMACS(MY-MACRO)

Include a macro at the bottom of the program.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYBT   % INCLUDE USERMACS(MY-MACRO)

Include a copybook in Working-Storage.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYWS   % INCLUDE COPYLIB(MY-COPYBOOK)

Include a copybook in Linkage.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYLK   % INCLUDE COPYLIB(MY-COPYBOOK)

See...	For more information about...
SY* Keywords	Specifying in an APS program the location where the Customization Facility places source code

Limits, Customization Facility

APS enforces the following size and programming limitations.

Item	Max
Indents	50
Nested macros	139
Macro call arguments	1000
Nested % INCLUDEs	10
% DECLARE statements:
Subscripts	300
Length of subscript	12
Tables	200
Parts per table	1000
Length of a table part	78
System limits:
Work files (beginning with WORK4)	8
LRECL of INCLUDE library	80
LRECL of extended INCLUDE library	140

See...	For more information about...
APS Reference: Limits	APS limits

% LOOKUP

Description:

Reference a % DECLARE table.

Syntax:

 % LOOKUP &declarepart oper searchval 
          [FROM value [valueN ...]]
  statementblock
[% ELSE-IF condition
  statementblock
   .
   .
   .
[% ELSE
  statementblock
[% END]

Parameters:

&declarepart	Name of variable assignment in % DECLARE table
condition	Condition can be a number or variable, followed by a space and a relational operator, followed by a space and a value. To specify multiple conditions, use the Boolean operators AND or OR with no parentheses. Relational operator can be: =, NOT =, <, >, NOT <, NOT >, <=, >=. Value can be a number, a literal enclosed in apostrophes or quotation marks, or a variable.
oper	Valid operator: =, NOT =, <, >, NOT <, NOT >, <=, >=.
searchval	Customization Facility term.
value	Starting value(s) of the low-order &subscript of the &fieldname associated with the &declarepart.

Comments:

If FROM is not coded, the low-order &subscript in % DECLARE is the starting value and increments by 1 until the condition is satisfied or an undefined instance is found.
If the next-to-low-order DECLARE &subscript does not exist or is a string, then only the low-order &subscript enumerates by 1.

Examples:

Reference a % DECLARE table.

% DECLARE &IMS-PCB-(&PCBX)-SEG-(&SEGX)
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-NAME                 X30
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-IMSNAME              X8
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPTS
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-GET      N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-ISRT     N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-REPL     N
        % &IMS-PCB-SEG-PROCOPT-DLET     N
    % &IMS-PCB-SEG-LEN                  N6
   .
   .
% LOOKUP &IMS-PCB-SEG-NAME = &THE-SEG-NAME-YOU-WANT FROM 1 1
    do this if found
% ELSE
    do this if found

Address &declareparts of other % DECLARE structures that use some or all of the same &subscripts without an additional % LOOKUP. Strip blanks from &ALIAS before the % LOOKUP by parsing it with the function &PARSE.

% DECLARE &VS-(&VSX-FILE)-KEY-(&VSX-KEY)-B
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-VOL           X8
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-SPACE         X20
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-CICZ          X20
% DECLARE &VS-(&VSX-FILE)-KEY-(&VSX-KEY)-ALIAS-(&VSX-ALIAS)
    % &VSP-FILE-KEY-ALIAS         X30
   .
   .
&ALIAS = &PARSE(&ALIAS)
   .
   .
% LOOKUP &VSP-FILE-KEY-ALIAS = &ALIAS FROM 1 1 1
    % &VOL = &VSP-FILE-KEY-VOL

See...	For more information about...
% DECLARE	Defining % DECLARE tables

Macro Call

Description:

Invoke a macro.

Syntax:

Format 1:

$macroname [(actualarg1[, actualarg2,
% ... actualarg3, ..., actualarg1000])]

Format 2:

sourcecode <$macroname( actualarg1, ... actualarg1000)> 
[... sourcecode]

Parameters:

actualarg

Actual argument list that corresponds to the formal argument list in the called macro's % DEFINE statement. Actual arguments pass values to their corresponding formal arguments.

Actual arguments are positional; if you omit any argument but the last one, code a comma in its place. Omitted arguments are called empty arguments.

Actualarg is a local variable and retains the values passed to it only from the time it is invoked until it ends.

Note: A variable defined outside the scope of a macro definition is global in scope.

An actual argument can be a:

Number (maximum 7 digits), positive (default) or negative
String enclosed by apostrophes or quotation marks
Variable whose value is assigned in a variable assignment statement (see Variable Assignment Statements)
Function (see Functions, Customization Facility)
Comma, indicating an empty argument. You can assign a default value to an empty argument, as shown in the example below.
Code the list according to the following rules:
Separate arguments with a comma and optionally one or more spaces.
Actual arguments are positional; if you omit any argument but the last one, code a comma in its place. Omitted arguments are called empty arguments.
Enclose the argument list in parentheses.
The maximum number of arguments in a list is 1000.

$macroname

Macro to be invoked; the macro must be defined in the USERMACS PDS or data set in your Project and Group

Comments:

Format 2 is an in-line macro call. You can embed an in-line macro call in any line of source code. When you do so, do the following:
- Define a variable that has the same name as the in-line macro. Define this variable either before the in-line macro call, or at the top of the macro.
- Assign a value to the variable. APS passes the value to the in-line macro during processing.
When you invoke an in-line macro, it appears immediately above the line that contains the in-line macro call, and in the same column as the first character of the line containing the in-line macro call. The rest of the macro retains relative positioning.
You can nest up to 139 macro calls in a macro call.

Examples:

Pass the actual argument value 1 to the formal argument variable &ARG1 in the macro, and the actual argument value 3 to &ARG3. In the macro, give &ARG2 a default value of 0. Note that the extra comma between the actual arguments 1 and the 3 is a placeholder, indicating that the call does not pass an actual argument to &ARG2; it is an undefined, or empty argument. Rather than leave the empty argument undefined, assign to it the default value 0. Also note that the call does not pass an actual argument to &ARG4. It, however, needs no placeholder because it is the last argument in the list; the macro assumes it is undefined.

Macro definition:

% DEFINE $SAMPLE-MACRO( &ARG1, &ARG2, &ARG3, 
... &ARG4)
    % IF NOT &DEFINED( &ARG2)
        % &ARG2 = "0"
    % END
   .
   .
   .
% END

Macro call:
```
$SAMPLE-MACRO( 1,, 3)
```

Note: Another way to assign a default value to an empty argument is to hard-code a variable assignment statement in the formal argument list as follows:

% DEFINE $SAMPLE-MACRO( &ARG1, &ARG2 = defaultvalue,
% ... &ARG3, &ARG4)

Pass a new value to &NEXT-VALUE each time that the in-line macro $CNTR is called.

% &CNTR = 0
% DEFINE $CNTR
    % &CNTR = &CNTR + 1
% END 
    .
    .
% &VALUE-<$CNTR> = &NEXT-VALUE
    .
    .
% &VALUE-<$CNTR> = &NEXT-VALUE

See...	For more information about...
% DEFINE	Writing a macro % DEFINE statement

% REPEAT

Description:

Establish a loop and test a condition.

Syntax:

Format 1:

 % REPEAT
  statementblock
 % UNTIL|WHILE condition
[ statementblock]
[% END]

Format 2:

 % REPEAT VARYING|R-V &variable
 % ... [FROM &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
 % ... [BY &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
  statementblock
 % ... UNTIL|WHILE condition
[ statementblock]
[% END]

Format 3:

 % REPEAT VARYING|R-V &variable
 % ... [FROM &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
 % ... [BY &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
 % ... THRU|TO &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr
[% ... OR THRU|TO &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
[% ... OR THRU|TO &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
[% ... OR THRU|TO &variable|literal|arithmeticexpr]
  statementblock
[% END]

Parameters:

condition

Condition can be a number or variable, followed by a space and a relational operator, followed by a space and a value. To specify multiple conditions, use the Boolean operators AND or OR with no parentheses.

Relational operator can be: =, NOT =, <, >, NOT <, NOT >, <=, >=.

Value can be a number, a literal enclosed in apostrophes or quotation marks, or a variable.

statementblock

Can contain any Customization Facility, COBOL or COBOL/2, or S-COBOL statements.

variable

Customization Facility variable with valid COBOL name.

Comments:

During processing, the Customization Facility moves % REPEAT statement blocks to the starting columns of their controlling % REPEAT statements.
The statement block subordinate to the % REPEAT, and any statement block subordinate to the % UNTIL or % WHILE, establish the loop. The loop executes until or while the condition is satisfied.
In formats 1 and 2, if the % UNTIL or % WHILE does not have a subordinate statement block, APS tests the condition and does the following:
- If the % UNTIL condition is false or the % WHILE condition is true, the loop executes the % REPEAT statement block until the condition is true or while the condition is false, respectively.
- If the % UNTIL condition is true or the % WHILE condition is false, the loop ends, and processing resumes at the next line that has the same or less indentation as the % UNTIL or % WHILE.
In formats 1 and 2, if the % UNTIL does have a subordinate statement block, APS tests the condition and does the following:
- If the % UNTIL condition is false or the % WHILE condition is true, the loop executes the % UNTIL or % WHILE statement block and the % REPEAT statement block until the condition is true or while the condition is false, respectively.
- If the % UNTIL condition is true or the % WHILE condition is false, the loop ends without executing the % UNTIL or % WHILE statement block, and processing resumes at the next line that has the same or less indentation as the % UNTIL or % WHILE.
In format 3, with the TO option, the loop executes to--but not including--its specified variable, literal, or arithmetic expression.
APS evaluates any evaluation bracket source in an % UNTIL and % WHILE statement block at each iteration of the loop; APS evaluates bracketed source in a % REPEAT and % REPEAT VARYING statement block just once.
If FROM is not coded, the default is the current value of the % REPEAT &variable.
If BY is not coded, the default is BY 1.
APS provides an internal loop counter, LOOP-LIMIT, which defaults to 500. To override the default, change the value of % SET LOOP-LIMIT in the APS CNTL file APSDBDC. You can override the default with a number as high as 999999. Be sure to reset the limit after an % INCLUDE statement. Note that some APS libraries set LOOP-LIMIT and reset it to 200 at the end.

See...	For more information about...
% UNTIL/WHILE	Testing % REPEAT loops
Evaluation Brackets	Specifying the order in which the Customization Facility evaluates variable values
Looping Example	Examples: of looping

% SET Statements

Description:

Specify the program location where the Customization Facility places source code.
Override default processing.

Syntax:

Program location statements:

% SET COMMUNICATION [SECTION]
 
% SET DATA [DIVISION]
 
% SET END-WORKING-STORAGE
 
% SET FILE-CONTROL
 
% SET FILE [SECTION]
 
% SET LINKAGE [SECTION]
 
% SET PROCEDURE
 
% SET SPECIAL-NAMES
 
% SET WORKING-STORAGE

Processing override statements:

% SET AUXILIARY-OUTPUT
% SET NORMAL-OUTPUT
 
% SET BLANK
% SET NOBLANK
 
% SET CONVERT-LOWER-CASE
% SET PRESERVE-LOWER-CASE
 
% SET DELIMITERS-OPTIONAL
% SET DELIMITERS-REQUIRED
 
% SET EPILOGUE [$macroname]
 
% SET EVAL-BRACKETS 'leftright'
% SET EVAL-BRACKETS-AUX 'leftright'
 
% SET LEFT-MARGIN column
% SET RIGHT-MARGIN column
 
% SET ERROR message text
% SET FATAL message text
% SET INFO message text
% SET WARNING message text
 
% SET LOOP-LIMIT
 
SET TRACE ERROR [NOINFO]
SET NOTRACE
 
% SET WRITE-CONTROL[-LIMIT number]
% SET NOWRITE-CONTROL

Description:

NORMAL-OUTPUT \| AUXILIARY-OUTPUT	NORMAL-OUTPUT (default) directs all source code to the file with the external name POSTSOUT. AUXILIARY-OUTPUT directs all source code to the file with the external name MACRO. Note: You must define MACRO and its accompanying DD name in your JCL.
BLANK \| NOBLANK	BLANK (default) prints all blank lines that appear in the input. NOBLANK suppresses blank lines from printing.
COMMUNICATION [SECTION]	Moves all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement from the Procedure Division to the end of the Communication Section.
PRESERVE LOWER-CASE \| CONVERT-LOWER-CASE	PRESERVE-LOWER-CASE (default) allows developers to use both upper and lower case characters in Customization Facility structures. CONVERT-LOWER-CASE converts lower case characters in Customization Facility structures to upper case.
DATA [DIVISION]	Moves all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement from the Procedure Division to immediately after the Data Division header.
DELIMITERS-REQUIRED \| DELIMITERS-OPTIONAL	DELIMITERS-REQUIRED (default) requires developers to delimit strings with apostrophes or quotation marks, depending on the value you set on the APS Precompiler Options window. DELIMITERS-OPTIONAL allows developers to omit delimiters around all strings except those that consist of all numbers or include special characters.
END-WORKING-STORAGE	Marks a spot in Working-Storage to place source code that you move from the Procedure Division to Working-Storage using the % SET WORKING-STORAGE statement. Non-APS preprocessors can reserve the end of Working-Storage for their constructions.
ERROR \| FATAL \| WARNING \| INFO messagetext	Sends a message to the final message report of the compile. Enclose variables in messagetext with evaluation brackets.
EPILOGUE [$macroname]	Calls macroname after all other Customization Facility processing finishes. Although you can specify only one macro call per EPILOGUE statement, you can write multiple statements. APS stores all EPILOGUE macro calls in an EPILOGUE queue, and invokes them in "last in, first called" order. The variable &APS-EPILOGUE contains the name of the macro call that is currently last in the EPILOGUE queue. Assuming that you code the EPILOGUE statement anywhere in the Procedure Division, APS places the invoked macros at the end of the Procedure Division. To eliminate the current "last in" macro from the queue, follow the last % SET EPILOGUE statement with a % SET EPILOGUE statement, without specifying the macro name; APS gets the macro name value from &APS-EPILOGUE. Important: The results of calling APS macros in an EPILOGUE macro can be unpredictable. We recommend that you call only user-defined macros in an EPILOGUE macro.
EVAL-BRACKETS 'leftright'	Defines the characters to use as evaluation brackets. Default is < and >. We recommend using the default because that is what the APS macros use; we do not recommend using the parentheses characters as brackets.
EVAL-BRACKETS-AUX 'leftright'	Defines an auxiliary set of evaluation bracket characters to supplement the primary set defined by % SET EVAL-BRACKETS. Ensure that % SET EVAL-BRACKETS is also defined.
FILE-CONTROL	Moves all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement from the Procedure Division to the end of the File-Control paragraph. APS generates the Input-Output Section and File-Control headers unless they are in the input source or if the macro is an EPILOGUE (see EPILOGUE above).
FILE [SECTION]	Moves all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement from the Procedure Division to the end of the File Section. APS generates the File Section header unless it is in the input source or if the macro is an EPILOGUE (see EPILOGUE above).
LEFT-MARGIN columnnumber RIGHT-MARGIN columnnumber	Default: columns 1-72. Overrides the LANG option on the APS Precompiler Options window, which specifies the columns for the Customization Facility to process. Use these statements to specify the leftmost and rightmost columns to process, within the parameters of the value of LANG.
LINKAGE [SECTION]	Use in the Procedure Division to move all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement to the end of the Linkage Section. APS generates the Linkage Section header unless it is in the input source or if the macro is invoked by % SET EPILOGUE (see EPILOGUE above).
LOOP-LIMIT	Overrides the internal loop counter default (500) in the APS CNTL file APSDBDC. Override with a number as high as 999999. Because some APS libraries reset LOOP-LIMIT to 200, you might need to reset the limit after an % INCLUDE statement.
PROCEDURE	Mark the end of the preceding relocation statement and return to the location of the statement (not the beginning or end of the Procedure Division).
SPECIAL-NAMES	Use in the Procedure Division to move all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement to the end of the Special-Names paragraph. APS generates the Special-Names header unless it is in the input source or if the macro is an EPILOGUE (see EPILOGUE above).
TRACE ERROR [NOINFO]	TRACE ERROR traces all source code appearing between this statement and NOTRACE and reports on all errors of all severity levels--F(atal), E(rror), W(arning), and I(nformation). TRACE ERROR displays error messages and other information including: the line of source that caused the error; active % INCLUDE statements; active macros; and the number of loops completed at the time of error (if applicable) TRACE ERROR NOINFO traces all levels of errors except I(nformation).
WORKING-STORAGE	Use in the Procedure Division to move all source code appearing between this statement and the next % SET statement to the end of the Working-Storage Section or immediately in front of the % SET END-WORKING-STORAGE statement, if coded.
WRITE-CONTROL [-LIMIT number] and NOWRITE-CONTROL	WRITE-CONTROL prints in the output all Customization Facility source code appearing between this statement and % SET NOWRITE-CONTROL; default is 5000 lines.

Examples:

Store three macro calls in the EPILOGUE queue, but invoke just $MACRO-1.

% SET EPILOGUE $MACRO-1
% SET EPILOGUE $MACRO-2
% SET EPILOGUE $MACRO-3
    %* Current value of &APS-EPILOGUE is $MACRO-3.
    .
    .
    .
% SET EPILOGUE
    %* $MACRO-3 (the current value of &APS-EPILOGUE) is
    %* elminated from the EPILOGUE queue; 
    %* the new current value of &APS-EPILOGUE is $MACRO-2.
    .
    .
    .
% SET EPILOGUE
    %* $MACRO-2 (the current value of &APS-EPILOGUE) is
    %* eliminated from the EPILOGUE queue; 
    %* the new current value of &APS-EPILOGUE is $MACRO-1.
    %* $MACRO-1 (the current value of &APS-EPILOGUE) is
    %* invoked.

See...	For more information about...
SY* Keywords	Specifying in an APS program the location where the Customization Facility places source code
Evaluation Brackets	Specifying the order in which the Customization Facility evaluates variable values
Program Location Statements Example	Examples: of program location statements

SY* Keywords

Description:

Specify in an APS program the location where the Customization Facility places source code.

Syntax:

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYBT   macrocode
 
 SYEN   macrocode
 
 SYDD   macrocode
 
 SYFD   macrocode
 
 SYIO   macrocode
 
 SYLT   macrocode
 
 SYLK   macrocode
 
 SYM1   macrocode
 
 SYM2   macrocode
 
 SYRP   macrocode
 
 SYWS   macrocode

Locations in Generated Code

SYM1	At the beginning of the program, before macro libraries that you include at the beginning of the program
SYM2	After macro libraries that you include at the beginning of the program

Environment Division

SYEN	In the Environment Division, after the Special-Names paragraph
SYIO	In the Input-Output Section, after macro libraries that you include at the beginning of the Input-Output Section

Data Division

SYDD	At the beginning of the Data Division
SYFD	In the File Section, after macro libraries that you include at the beginning of the File Section
SYWS	In the Working-Storage Section, after macro libraries and data structures that you include in Working-Storage
SYLT	In the Linkage Section, after macro libraries and data structures that you include at the beginning of Linkage
SYLK	In the Linkage Section, after source code that you include with the SYLT keyword
SYRP	In the Report Section, after any macro libraries that you include at the beginning of the Report Section

Procedure Division

SYBT

At the end of the program

Comments:

The effect of a SY* keyword ends with the appearance of another keyword in the KYWD column.
The generation process shifts the macrocode to start in column 8.

Examples:

Include a macro at the top of the program.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYM1   % INCLUDE USERMACS(MY-MACRO)

Include a macro at the bottom of the program.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYBT   % INCLUDE USERMACS(MY-MACRO)

Place a variable assignment statement at the top of the program.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYM1   &TP-USER-LEN = 49

Include a copybook in Working-Storage.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYWS   % INCLUDE COPYLIB(MY-COPYBOOK)

Include a copybook in Linkage.

-KYWD-  12-*----20---*----30---*----40---*----50---*----60
 SYLK   % INCLUDE COPYLIB(MY-COPYBOOK)

See...	For more information about...
% SET Statements	Specifying the program location where the Customization Facility places source code
% INCLUDE	Including macros or copybooks in a macro
APS Reference: "Keywords"	Other APS keywords

% UNTIL/WHILE

Description:

Establish a loop and test a condition to execute a subordinate statement block either until or while a single or compound condition is satisfied.

Syntax:

 % UNTIL|WHILE condition
  statementblock
[% END]

Parameter:

condition

Valid values:

Constant numeric term
Relational operator can be: =, NOT =, <, >, NOT <, NOT >, <=, >=.
Variable that has a numeric true/false value

AND or OR may connect multiple logical terms. Do not use parentheses.

Comments:

During processing, the Customization Facility moves % UNTIL and % WHILE statement blocks to the starting columns of their controlling % UNTIL and % WHILE statements.
The % UNTIL statement block executes until the condition is true. Conversely, the % WHILE statement block executes while the condition is false.
When the % UNTIL condition is true or the % WHILE condition is false, the loop ends without executing the % UNTIL or % WHILE statement block, and processing resumes at the next line that has the same or less indentation as the % UNTIL or % WHILE.
APS provides an internal loop counter, LOOP-LIMIT, which defaults to 500. To override the default, change the value of % SET LOOP-LIMIT in the APS CNTL file APSDBDC. You can override the default with a number as high as 999999. Be sure to reset the limit after an % INCLUDE statement. Note that some APS libraries set LOOP-LIMIT and reset it to 200 at the end.
APS evaluates any evaluation bracket source in an % UNTIL and % WHILE statement block at each iteration of the loop; APS evaluates bracketed source in a % REPEAT and % REPEAT VARYING statement block just once.
Use % UNTIL or % WHILE with a % REPEAT loop to add a conditional test to the % REPEAT loop.

See...	For more information about...
% REPEAT	Using % UNTIL or % WHILE with a % REPEAT loop
Looping Example	Examples: of looping

Variable Assignment Statements

Description:

Assign a value to a Customization Facility variable.

Syntax:

% &variable = stringterm|numericterm

Parameters:

numericterm

Numeric term can be one or a combination of:

A number (maximum 7 digits), positive (default) or negative
A number that is a true/false representation of a variable, where 0 = false and nonzero = true
An arithmetic expression with arithmetic operators listed in order of processing: * (multiplication), / (division), + (addition), - (subtraction)
A Customization Facility number function

variable

Valid COBOL name

stringterm

String term can be:

Text enclosed by apostrophes or quotation marks
A &variable with a string value
A Customization Facility string function

Examples:

Assign the literal value SPACE to the variable &TEST-CHR.
```
% &TEST-CHR = 'SPACE'
```
Assign the APS substringing function &SUBSTR to the variable &A.
```
% &A = &SUBSTR( &B, 3, 5)
```
Assign the numeric value 121 to the variable &REC-LEN.
```
% &REC-LEN = 121
```
Assign the variable &B, whose value is a number, to the variable &A.
```
% &B = 100
% &A = &B
```
Assign the representation of true to the variable &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-B and test whether that variable is true.
```
% &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-A = 0
% &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-B = 1
% IF &EMPLOYEE-TYPE-B
```
Assign the value of &B + &C to the variable &A. Assume the values of &B and &C are numeric.
```
% &A = &B + &C
```
Divide &LINELENGTH by 2, divide &NN by 2, and subtract the result of &NN / 2 from the result of &LINELENGTH / 2. Assign the final result as the value of &COL.
```
% &COL = &LINELENGTH / 2 - &NN / 2
```
Concatenate two strings, &B and &C, and assign the result as the value of &A. Rather than delimiting &B and &C with apostrophes, delimit them with variables that have the value of an apostrophe so that the Customization Facility processor does not process '&B&C' as a string.
```
% &SQ = "'"
% &B  = 'CON'
% &C  = 'CAT'
% &A = <% &SQ&B&C&SQ>
```

Chapter 2: Structures

% BEGIN

Description:

Syntax:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

Comments

Description:

Syntax:

Comments:

Example:

Related Topics:

Continuation

Description:

Description:

Examples:

Related Topics:

% DECLARE

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

% DEFINE

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Examples:

Related Topics:

Error Handling, Macros

Compatibility

Description:

Sending Messages

Error Trace

Debugging with WRITE-CONTROL

Related Topics:

% ESCAPE

Description:

Syntax:

Related Topics:

Evaluation Brackets

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

Functions, Customization Facility

Description:

Syntax:

Description:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

% IF/ELSE-IF/ELSE

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

% INCLUDE

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

Limits, Customization Facility

Related Topics:

% LOOKUP

Description:

Syntax:

Parameters:

Comments:

Examples:

Related Topics:

Macro Call