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# Modules and Data Streams

To build your own tasks, you need to understand the core concepts that IDOL Speech Server is designed around. IDOL Speech Server contains two main sets of components:

- Processing modules (also referred to as modules). `stt` and `speakerid` are examples of processing modules.
- Data streams (also referred to as streams). Audio sample buffers and recognition results are examples of data streams.

These are the fundamental operational units in IDOL Speech Server. They form the basis of all audio processing tasks, whether standard or user-defined.

The following general rules govern modules and data streams:

- Each module performs one type of function, such as speech-to-text.
- Each module can accept multiple data streams and produce multiple data streams.
- Each audio processing task requires individual instances of modules and streams.
- Every instance of a module must be referenced by a unique name. There is a strict notation for naming these instances; for more information, see Name a Module Instance.
- Every instance of a module must have its own section in the IDOL Speech Server tasks configuration file, where you specify its inputs and outputs.
- Each output stream instance is created by a single module (two modules cannot create the same stream instance, and a stream must be created by a module). However, this stream can either feed into one, several, or no subsequent modules. If a stream is not used by any module, IDOL Speech Server might generate a warning.
- You must assign a unique name to each instance of a stream. There is a strict notation on how these variables can be named; for more information, see Name a Data Stream Instance.
- Connections between module instances and stream instances are expressed in ‘functional programming’ syntax; for more information, see Specify Module Inputs and Outputs.
- Every instance of a module used in an active task counts toward the total count allowed by the license key. Only active modules are counted for licensing purposes.

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