A character (
) used to indicate
that a checkmark choice is turned on. Absence of the checkmark means the option
is off.
See also toggle and checkmark choice.
! A B C D E F G H I J K L M N M N O P Q R S T U V W X Z
The section headed "!" contains entries beginning with digits, punctuation marks, and other special characters. However, filename extensions, although shown with their preceding periods (for example, .int), appear under their initial letters.
An operating system that uses 16-bit segmented addressing. Examples are DOS and Windows 3.x.
See also 32-bit environment.
On the mainframe, the use of 24 bits (or three bytes) to hold addresses of memory. 24 bits can address memory up to 16Mb. This limit is known as the line. Mainframe Express emulates both 24-bit addressing and 31-bit addressing by mapping mainframe-style above and below the line addresses to real 32-bit PC memory addresses.
On the mainframe, the use of 31 bits (or four bytes excluding bit 0) to hold addresses of memory. 31 bits can address memory up to 2Gb. Mainframe Express emulates both 24-bit addressing and 31-bit addressing by mapping mainframe-style above and below the line addresses to real 32-bit PC memory addresses.
An operating system that uses 32-bit flat addressing. Examples are Windows 95 and Windows NT.
See also 16-bit environment.
IBM family of display terminals, keyboards, and printers supported via SDLC or TN3270 protocol which includes extended 3270 data stream. CICS BMS screen mapping support was designed specifically for these devices.
An IBM family of display terminals, keyboards, and printers supported via the SDLC or TN3270 protocol. CICS BMS screen mapping support was designed specifically for these devices.
IBM's facility that enables data streams from 3270 terminals to be captured, and transmitted and received, using an alternative interface. The 3270 transaction assumes it is communicating with a real or emulated 3270 terminal.
The 3270 bridge enables you to run 3270-based CICS transactions without a 3270 terminal. Commands for the 3270 terminal are intercepted by CICS and replaced by a messaging mechanism that provides a bridge between the end user and the CICS transaction.
The bridge exit is the interface between an existing 3270-based transaction (or set of transactions) and a client application. It is invoked by CICS whenever a terminal command is issued by the original 3270 transaction.
The 3270 bridge exit program used by all eBiz Transactions is called MER0BRIP. MER0BRIP is provided by Micro Focus as part of the product and must be installed on the mainframe when the Component Generator is installed.
Software that enables a PC to provide a 3270-type user interface to CICS Option. The terminal emulator detects the screen size of the device running it, and passes this to the terminal installation process.
A file output by the Linkage Editor containing an executable Assembler module that can be called by a COBOL program.
Abnormal termination of an MVS mainframe task with a system or user-specified termination code of 0C7 for a data exception or 0C5 for an addressing exception.
In Micro Focus OO COBOL, a class which does not act as a creator of instance objects. Abstract classes implement behavior for their subclasses.
A technique for organizing and moving data between main storage and input/output devices.
A defined task that an application performs on an object. You request actions by selecting menu choices, pressing buttons or directly manipulating objects.
See also graphical object.
Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) is a server-side scripting environment.
When a Web server receives a request for an ASP file, it processes any server-side scripts contained in the file and builds a Web page to send to the Web browser. As well as server-side scripts, ASP files can contain HTML and calls to COM components that perform a variety of tasks, such as connecting to a database or processing business logic.
A mechanism in some Web servers, enabling Web pages to contain server-side scripts. Such a page, when requested by a browser, is executed by the Web server instead of simply being sent. The scripts should be written to generate valid HTML. The Web server then sends the page to the browser, with the scripts replaced by the generated HTML.
See ASP page.
The scripts can be written in any scripting language supported by the ASP engine in the Web server. The most popular is VBScript, which has a syntax resembling a simplified Visual Basic. Another is JScript. The version of JScript in Netscape Web servers is called JavaScript. (Despite a superficial similarity in syntax, JScript and JavaScript have no connection whatever with the Java programming language.)
Since Active Server Pages is the name of a facility, the term is singular.
ASP and JavaServer Pages (JSP)and can be regarded as equivalent facilities, with ASP being the "Microsoft-world" one and JSP the "Java-world" one.
The window that can currently receive input from the keyboard, distinguished by an emphasized title bar and border.
See also current object.
Microsoft's name for an Internet version of a family of technologies that includes COM, DCOM and OLE.
A custom control built on COM technology. Custom controls can encapsulate quite complex functionality. For example, you can purchase grid controls that enable you to embed spreadsheet types of functionality into your application.
Small COM-based object that supports an OLE interface and runs within a Web page.
A form, for display in a Web browser, which uses the Microsoft ActiveX layout control. You can place the controls anywhere on an ActiveX layout form, and your form will appear in a Web browser exactly as intended. This contrasts with a traditional HTML form, where the final appearance of your form is determined by the way a Web browser interprets HTML markup.
ActiveX layout forms can only be displayed by ActiveX-enabled Web browsers, such as Internet Explorer 4.0 or above.
The run-time support module that executes the code generated from the Enhanced ACCEPT/DISPLAY syntax available in this COBOL system.
See also Enhanced ACCEPT/DISPLAY.
A characteristic of a program that indicates whether it uses 24-bit addressing or 31-bit addressing.
In Mainframe Express, the function of defining a data set to the catalog. In TSO, the function of assigning a data set for use by a program.
An index containing alternate keys.
A key in a record that enables indexed access to the record and provides an alternative route to the record, in addition to the primary key.
The code used for storing text in microcomputers. Each character is stored in one byte. There are two forms: standard and extended. In the standard form, seven bits are used, and 128 different characters are represented. In the extended form, all eight bits are used and 256 different characters are represented.
The database created by the Analysis Option in Mainframe Express to store its analysis of a project. The Analysis Option analyzes the application's sources - COBOL, CICS BMS screens, IMS MFS screens, and so on - to identify relationships and dependencies between items in the application. You can consult this database to help you understand the application. You can also link a Component Generator project to this database to help Component Generator create eBiz transactions for the application.
An alternative term for the COBOL and Assembler debuggers.
Abbreviations referring to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards covering the COBOL language. ANSI'74 is the American National Standard X3.23-1974, and ANSI'85 is the ANS X3.23-1985.
The character set specified by the American National Standards Institute, and used by Microsoft Windows.
A PC format for the exchange of data between databases.
Calls to public entry points within a program - such as the Windows operating system - made according to a documented call interface. The calls can be made from any compatible programming language, including this COBOL system.
IBM's Application Peer to Peer Communication implemented over both SNA and TCP/IP networks.
A component that typically executes in a Web browser, but can execute in a variety of other applications or devices that support the applet programming model.
A program, written in Java, that is downloaded from a Web server and executed by a Web browser.
A set of programs and subprograms which are invoked from a single command.
A version of the run-time system modified to run in a special Enterprise Server mode.
Developing a COBOL application by painting its user interface forms and specifying rules describing how to process them, rather than coding the source directly in COBOL. Sometimes referred to as framework development.
See also traditional .
Application Programming Interface. A collection of callable functions that provide services to an application.
An application server provides the type of services needed by all applications (such as security or transaction processing), enabling that code to be removed from the application itself.
Examples include IBM's WebSphere and BEA's WebLogic.
See also Web server .
A service in an enterprise server in which the COBOL application manages its own transactions: the application issues its own COMMITs, ROLLBACKS etc.
A window in the Mainframe Express IDE used to display the output from an executed program.
A set of documented function calls implemented within a program - such as an operating system - that can be called by other programs to enable them to use common services.
An environment in which you run and/or test application programs.
Component Services running COM objects, and an application server running EJB components, can be regarded as similar facilities, with Component Services being the "Microsoft-world" one and application servers the "Java-world" one.
The directory where a source code control system stores your files and the changes that have been made to them.
Abbreviation for American Standard Code for Information Interchange, the code used for storing text in microcomputers. Each character is stored in one byte. There are two forms: standard and extended. In the standard form, seven bits are used, and 128 different characters are represented. This COBOL system uses the extended form, in which all eight bits are used and 256 different characters are represented.
Another name for ASP.NET, named for the standard extension .aspx used for ASP.NET pages.
A version of Active Server Pages (ASP) designed for use with the .NET framework. ASP.NET server controls enable an HTML-like style of declarative programming that requires less code than classic ASP. ASP.NET pages work in all Web browsers - including Netscape, Opera, AOL, and Internet Explorer.
A Web page with the extension .asp, which is recognized by the Web server as meaning it contains scripts for execution by the ASP engine in the Web server.
A machine-level symbolic programming language that is used on IBM mainframes.
A component of Assembler Option that reads an ANSI text file containing Assembler source code, macro statements and copy statements and produces a file containing non-executable object code plus an optional listing file.
See Linkage Editor.
An option of Mainframe Express that provides facilities for coding, compiling, running and debugging modules and applications written in mainframe 390 Assembler.
An assembly is one or more .exe or .dll files that make up a Visual Studio .NET-based application. Assemblies are created automatically when you compile Visual Studio .NET source files. Assemblies provide the common language runtime with the information it needs to be aware of type implementations.
An assembly manifest is contained within every assembly. It can be thought of as being similar to a table of contents, and contains the assembly's identity, a file table describing the files that make up the assembly, and an assembly reference list.
A list of all external dependencies - .dlls or other files your application needs that may have been created by someone else.
The data encapsulated by an object. The only data which should be declared as part of an object's attributes is the data required to describe the object's state at any particular time. For example, the attributes of a circle are its radius and the coordinates of its center. The actual code for implementing circle objects might require other data items for calculations, but these would not be considered part of the attributes for that object.
A feature of Mainframe Express and Net Express that automatically corrects typing errors.
The process by which a terminal definition is created dynamically for a terminal when a user signs on at the terminal. The terminal definition is created and installed by an Autoinstall Control Program, using a model definition in the Terminal table.
The program that handles the creation, installation, and deletion of a terminal definition for autoinstalled terminals. A program is supplied with CICS Option to perform this function. However, you can specify your own ACP in the SIT.
A facility associated with intrapartition transient data queues. When the number of records in such a queue reaches a specified trigger level, a transaction program associated with the queue is automatically initiated to process the contents of the queue.
A bitmap image optionally displayed on the Mainframe Express and Net Express window.
See rollback.
A Data File Editor mode in which each data file is backed up when it is opened, so that it can be restored if necessary.
The process of restoring resources to a known previous state after CICS Option, or an individual transaction, has abended.
An Assembler source file that only contains machine instructions, all macros and copybooks having been expanded.
An image that can be displayed when Mainframe Express and Net Express start.
The root class of the OO COBOL Class Library. All other OO COBOL programs supplied with this system inherit their fundamental behavior from Base.
The component of an ESDS file that contains the actual file data. You may associate one or more alternate indexes with the same base file.
The IBM System/390 architecture includes 16 general purpose 32 bit registers which can all be specified as base registers for providing addressability to a 4K page of memory.
The main part of a filename, that is, the name excluding the path, extension and separators such as "\" and ".".
An access method for sequential processing of fixed and variable length blocks on sequential access storage devices. Blocks in a BSAM data set or file are organized in the physical sequence in which they were written. A block may contain one or more records and the user program is responsible for any processing needed to access individual logical records within a block.
An IMS batch processing program that has access to on-line databases and message queues. BMPs run on-line, but like programs in a batch environment they are started with job control language (JCL) commands.
The term bean or eBiz bean is used within this documentation to mean either a JavaBeans component or an Enterprise JavaBeans component. This generic term is only used where it is not necessary to distinguish between the two.
See also:
A Micro Focus protocol for passing information between a J2EE connector and a service.
An SQL Option utility that enables you to create static SQL packages in a remote DB2 location accessed using DRDA.
See binary protocol
A fixed-size graphic such as those used for toolbar buttons, icons, or mouse pointers.
A Dialog System object used mainly for decoration, to draw attention to buttons or to place items such as logos in a window or dialog box.
The current thread stops execution until some condition is satisfied. This condition varies; for example, in the case of an event, the event is posted, in the case of a mutex, the mutex is acquired, in the case of a monitor, the request privilege on the monitor can be acquired.
The selection of columns or lines of text.
A mainframe record format that allows several records to be moved as a group between an external storage device and processor storage. This can improve data access times. It is not supported in a PC environment, but is accepted as a valid format definition by Mainframe Express.
A file containing a collection of macros that define a collection of BMS maps, known as a mapset.
A representation of a 3270 terminal screen. The map defines how the screen fields are to be displayed. It defines the position and size of each field on the screen, together with its visible attributes, such as bold or flashing.
A tool in CICS Option. You use the painter to design BMS maps and mapsets on your screen. The painter also generates COBOL copybooks for a mapset and assembles mapsets for use by CICS Option.
See also paint.
A user-defined index entry in an on-line help file. You set a bookmark at any point in any topic and give it a name. This is then stored, in alphabetic order, in a list of bookmarks. Bookmarks are retained between executions of the On-line Help Builder. Accessing a defined bookmark from an alphabetically ordered list immediately displays the topic it is attached to. It is useful to attach bookmarks to frequently accessed topics. However, they can also be used as a temporary means of marking your place while you go off and browse other topics.
A visual indication of the boundaries of an object such as a window or a push button.
See also sizable border.
The limits of a table or array. The BOUND directive determines if compiled code will allow bounds to be exceeded.
A point in a program where execution will pause when you are animating it; you set breakpoints in the debugger.
See 3270 Bridge
In WebSphere MQ, to use the MQGET call to copy a message without removing it from the queue.
A sequence of topics that the author of an on-line help file has chained together. The chain can be browsed forward and backward by the user. Use this facility to connect together topics of a similar subject. If no browse chains are defined, the whole on-line help file becomes a browse chain, with each topic chained to the physically preceding and following topics.
A thread that can both read and write data. During a read operation, a browser needs to allow other threads to read the data. If the browser writes data, other threads must be disallowed access to the data.
Or
A program used to view material prepared for the World Wide Web. Browsers are able to interpret URL's and HTML markup, and also understand several Internet protocols.
See Web browser
An edit field that is associated with an up/down control and is used to display the current value set in the control. The buddy window receives messages directly from the up/down control.
The process of converting source code to executable code. Typically, building an application might involve preprocessing header files, syntax checking and compiling the source code, and linking the resulting object code to produce a system executable file.
The Build Process Controller is a non-GUI batch executable which is invoked from the Component Generator IDE in order to generate one or more eBiz Transactions. Parameters passed to the BPC include the Target and Dependency (TaD) file and a supplied build script (a PVCS Configuration Builder makefile containing the generalized rules and processes for generating eBiz Transactions).
Settings that apply to a type of file or the currently selected file, and that control the way the file will be built or compiled.
Another term for business rules.
The specific business logic carried out by an application, as opposed to standard tasks such as I/O and handling the user interface.
Remote communication between applications running on different companies' computers, where one company is a customer or partner of the other. Often suggested as an area where Web Services might be useful.
A control you can use to start an action or select behavior. Examples are check boxes, pushbuttons, radio buttons and spin buttons.
See also control and pushbutton.
A set of pushbuttons labeled with text representing application commands.
See also pushbutton.
An object oriented programming language.
An object-oriented programming language.
(pronounced C-sharp) An object-oriented programming language for Windows applications. It is designed specifically for use with the .NET framework. Intended as an alternative to the main previous languages, C++ and Visual Basic, it gives access to many facilities previously available only in C++, while being in some ways as easy to learn as Visual Basic.
A temporary storage area. The SourceConnect function uses a user-defined directory on the PC as a local cache to store mainframe data sets while they are being processed by a PC application.
A definition of the syntax of a CALL statement using placeholders instead of real parameters. Call prototypes are used in header and copyfiles to enable the Compiler to check that CALL statements in your code conform to the specified syntax, and to raise an error message if they do not.
A viewable list of the CALLs and PERFORMs active during an execution of a program.
The Callable File Handler is a module in the COBOL system that processes index, sequential and relative files. As a defined API is available to this module, it is called the Callable File Handler as it can be called directly from any program (not only those written in COBOL).
An object of class CallBack stores a reference to an object and the name of a method implemented by that object. When the CallBack object is sent the "invoke" message, it executes the named method in the object it has stored.
The COBOL program that calls Dialog System using the screenset as the user interface.
A (.css) file imposes formatting on an HTML document. CSS style sheets can also be used with XML documents.
An addition to the HTML standard which enables presentation information to be separated from structure in an HTML document. Styles can be attached to HTML elements, through a STYLE attribute on an individual element, a <STYLE>...</STYLE> block which names element types in the head of an HTML document, or through separate .css files. Styles can also be defined as classes in a .css file or <STYLE>...</STYLE> block, and attached to elements through the CLASS attribute.
Stylesheets cascade through a system of precedence, whereby styles in .css files have the lowest precedence, and those declared in a STYLE attribute have the highest.
In Mainframe Express, the data structure that is used to store information about mainframe data sets that are accessed from the PC. It should not be confused with the MVS catalog which also stores data set information, but for mainframe use only. In Mainframe Express, the MVS catalog is emulated (in order to support the CATLG disposition) by means of the Catalog field in the Mainframe Express catalog entries. A value of Yes indicates that the data set is cataloged in the MVS catalog.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that shows the properties of all data sets that have been cataloged to Mainframe Express.
A file containing COBOL source code.
A simplified linking utility with a command-line interface. You can use Cbllink to compile and link in one step.
A linking utility that you must run before you use the Linker. Cblnames extracts all public symbols from a list of .obj files passed to it and creates another file (cbllds.obj) which must then be linked with your .obj files.
Either Common Communications Interface, a Micro Focus technology or Common Client Interface, a Sun technology for J2EE.
The CCITCP2 process is a registration program which is needed in order to make CCITCP connections. The process runs in background mode. Only a single CCITCP2 process needs to be active on a network in order for CCITCP to work.
A shorthand way of describing a standard maintained by the defunct Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique and its successor the International Telecommunication Union.
See Message channel
When creating a topic in an on-line help file, pictures can be created from the standard characters available. These are called character graphics. In order to maintain the vertical alignment of these graphics the lines are blocked together using the :cgraphic and :ecgraphic tags. The access and display programs ensure that the vertical alignment is maintained when a character graphic block is displayed, by specifying a monospaced font for those lines.
A system of one-byte codes that is used to represent information stored in a computer. In general, ASCII is used in a PC environment and EBCDIC in a mainframe environment.
An instance of the class CharacterArray. A CharacterArray is an object which contains a string of any length. CharacterArrays are a convenient way of passing strings as parameters when sending messages or making CALLs.
See also messages.
A square box with associated text that represents a choice. When selected, it is marked with a checkmark. You deselect it by repeating the action that selected it, for example, by clicking on it again. Check boxes are used for a set of choices that are not mutually exclusive.
To create a new, modified version of a file you have previously checked out in a source code control system.
A PVCS Version Manager operation that adds a new revision of a source fie to the source code control system.
To obtain a modifiable copy of a file under source code control. The source code control system marks the file as locked to other users, so that only one person can update it at a time.
A PVCS Version Manager operation that retrieves either a specific revision or the latest revision of a source file from the source code control system. Once a file has been checked out by one user, it cannot be checked out by any other user - thus preventing simultaneous editing of a single source file.
The first phase of compilation, which checks the syntax of your COBOL source program and produces intermediate code.
See also intermediate code.
The two phases of compilation are sometimes treated as if they were two separate compilers. The first phase of compilation is thus sometimes called the Checker.
See also check phase.
A character () used to indicate
that a checkmark choice is turned on. Absence of the checkmark means the option
is off.
See also toggle and checkmark choice.
A choice in a menu which has two states, on and off. Clicking on the option turns the checkmark on or off, toggling between the two states.
A point at which IMS automatically records its internal status (system control information with a unique checkpoint ID) and writes it to the restart data set (RDS). This information allows IMS to reconstruct its condition if later recovery is necessary. A system checkpoint is taken automatically by IMS at selected intervals.
A run unit created by another run unit.
A segment that is dependent on another segment above it in an hierarchical database.
A window whose parent is another window, not the desktop. In Microsoft Windows, child windows are restricted in their properties and attributes. In Dialog System, child windows are called secondary windows.
Graphics or text that a user can select to modify or manipulate an object. Choices appear on menus (also called menu items) and buttons.
Pressing both mouse buttons simultaneously.
An interface between WebSphere MQ for OS/390 and the CICS address space. An adapter is an attachment facility that enables applications to access WebSphere MQ services.
A background process that runs when you start a multi-tasking CICS region. It is responsible for coordinating access to the global console file, and for spawning new transaction server processes for all regions.
An option of Mainframe Express that enables you to develop and maintain programs that use IBM's CICS online transaction processing software.
You can have multiple CICS regions running concurrently on the same system. Each is entirely independent of the others.
A mainframe file that contains CICS resource definitions.
A component of the WebSphere MQ CICS adapter. A CICS transaction that starts another CICS transaction when a WebSphere MQ trigger event occurs, for example when a message is put onto a specific queue.
See also:
Middlware from IBM that uses ECI to provide the functionality to pass a call request from a component on the middle tier to the appropriate CICS region on the mainframe or on Mainframe Express. You can use CICS Transaction Gateway as an alternative to WebSphere MQ.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that lets you define CICS resources and manipulate CICS resource groups and the startup list.
A component of the WebSphere MQ CICS adapter. A CICS transaction that acts as a WebSphere MQ message channel agent (MCA).
See also Message channel agent .
An OO COBOL source element which contains the code and data descriptions for a class object (or factory, in ISO 2002 teminology) and its instance objects. It is also known as the class source element. A class consists of nested COBOL source elements, which correspond to class object (factory) and instance object methods. Each class starts with an identifier naming the class and the class from which it inherits. When a class is loaded at run time, the OO run-time system creates the class object (factory).
In Micro Focus OO COBOL, lists all the classes the program is going to use. The Class-Control paragraph is part of the Object Section, in the Environment Division. Each entry links a class name to the filename of the class executable file. The class-names are the object references which the program uses for sending messages to the class object at run time.
The equivalent in ISO 2002 OO COBOL is the Repository paragraph.
If the program itself is an OO COBOL class, the Class-Control paragraph also lists its superclass, and the class itself.
See also: class, class object, object reference, Repository paragraph, and superclass.
In Micro Focus OO COBOL, an object which is a template for the creation of instance objects of the same type. For example, the the OrderedCollection class object creates instances of OrderedCollection. The class object itself does not have the same behavior and methods as the instance objects which it creates.
By analogy, a biscuit cutter is a template for creating biscuits; however, you can't eat a biscuit cutter and you can't stamp a biscuit from another biscuit. In Micro Focus OO COBOL, all the methods and data for a class object and the instance objects which it creates are represented by a class program.
The class object is created at run time when a class is loaded.
The equivalent in ISO 2002 OO COBOL is the factory.
The set of classes supplied with OO COBOL. The root class of the Class Library, Base, implements basic behavior for all classes, and provides a superclass for your own classes. There are also classes to implement collections, exception handlers, CallBacks, and GUI interfaces.
See class.
An environment variable, used by the Java system, to locate compiled .class files.
An environment variable, used by the Java system, to locate compiled .class files
To press and release a mouse button (from the noise that this action makes).
A single click of your main (left-hand) mouse button. In this documentation, if you are to double-click or right-click, the instructions say so.
To press and hold a mouse button and move the mouse pointer in the desired direction and then release the button.
The user of a service. In the context of Web Services, it is usually an application that invokes a Web service
The part of a window that constitutes the available workspace for an application.
A secondary window opened by an application.
The technology that allows a user facility, known as a client, to request services from a shared facility, known as a server. For example, a server could be used to store data that is used by many clients.
A storage area used to hold data (text or graphics) temporarily during cut and paste operations.
How a secondary window is displayed in Dialog System. A window is clipped if any part of it that would overlap the boundary of the parent window is not displayed. A window is not clipped if it overlaps the boundary of the parent window. Secondary windows may have different properties depending on whether they are clipped or not.
See secondary window (clipped) and secondary window (non-clipped).
A list of TSO commands that can be run as a procedure.
The process of copying a project and its source files to a different directory (using a different name if required) whilst keeping all the dependencies and build settings intact. Useful for creating a working version of an existing project whilst keeping the original intact.
An environment variable that contains a list of the paths of the COBOL system directories. Each path is separated from the next by a semicolon (;).
Generate... on the Dialog System File menu creates a COPY-file from the Data Block. ds-cntrl.ans and ds-cntrl.mf are COPY-files representing the Dialog System Control Block. dssysinf.cpy represents the Dialog System Event Block.
One of a number of implementations of COBOL for use in particular environments.
A set of directories which are automatically searched by the COBOL run-time system to locate programs. They are identified by the COBDIR environment variable. The files of the COBOL system should be kept in the COBOL system directories.
A definition of the relationship between the 256 code points and their equivalent character interpretations.
One of the 256 values that can be held in one byte and its equivalent character interpretation.
A type of object used for storing a group of elements. Collections are analogous to tables in COBOL, but unlike a table, a collection is not necessarily fixed to an initial size, but can grow as more elements are added. The elements in a collection are usually objects, although you can also store certain types of string and numeric data. The Micro Focus OO COBOL Class Library provides many different types of collection, which organize data in different ways.
An operation used in database queries that applies to the values from several rows. DB2 Column functions include SUM, AVG, MIN, MAX, COUNT, STDDEV, and VARIANCE.
A type of block selection in which the action of dragging the mouse over text selects columns of text.
See Component Services.
A COM object that has been registered with the Windows operating system and can be accessed by a client program.
See also Component Object Model (COM) and COM object
See COM object.
A COM enabled application that acts as a COM client to enable the embedding of documents created with COM Automation servers.
See also Component Object Model (COM)
An object created using the COM framework that enables access to a legacy program from a client program. When registered with the Windows operating system, a COM object is called a COM Automation server.
See also Component Object Model (COM) and COM Automation server.
Also known as combo box or selection list box.
See selection list box.
In CICS an area of storage used for communication between two programs or between two transactions using the same terminal. This storage is allocated on program request in the shared memory area used by CICS Option, and may be up to 32767 bytes long.
In CICS, an area of storage used for communication between two programs or between two transactions using the same terminal.
The action of applying the results of a logical unit-of-work to a database. In CICS Option and IMS Option terms, this is a syncpoint.
The Common Client Interface (CCI) is defined by Sun. It is an application programming interface (API) for J2EE resource adapters (also known loosely as connectors) that connect to Enterprise Information Servers (EISs), such as Enterprise Server for Windows.
The Common Communications Interface (CCI) is an application programming interface (API) which enables application designers to build platform and protocol independent communications into their applications.
A standard for external gateway programs to interface with information servers such as HTTP servers. CGI programs are usually run when an end user enters some information into an HTML or ActiveX layout form displayed on a Web browser, and clicks a Submit button. The CGI program receives the information from the form, and sends back a result for display on the Web browser.
CGI and CGI program are terms often used to describe any kind of server-side program which runs on a Web server. Net Express tools create CGI programs, which you can convert to other Web server APIs (ISAPI or NSAPI) by recompiling and rebuilding.
The Microsoft .NET Common Language Runtime is responsible for run-time code management, undertaking such tasks as memory and thread management, and security enforcement. Programs that are written to make use of the CLR are known as managed code. Programs that do not make use of the CLR are known as unmanaged code.
An architecture for integrating heterogeneous applications by defining standards for distributed objects.
A high level language for communications, part of IBM's Systems Application Architecture. It supports SNA LU 6.2 which is commonly referred to as APPC.
A part of the shared memory area used by CICS Option.
A server that accepts client requests arriving at multiple IP addresses and sends responses to them. Handles a variety of communications protocols.
A shared MVS table of commonly used information accessible from any Assembler program using its address which is always stored at hexadecimal location h'10' in the PSA.
A standard that defines how computers are to communicate with each other.
The component that checks the syntax of your COBOL source program, and converts it to native code.
The Compiler operates in two phases. The first phase is called the check phase; during this phase, the compiler checks the syntax, and creates intermediate code from your source code. The second phase is the generate phase; during this phase, the Compiler generates object code or generated code as required.
See also Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB), Component Object Model (COM), application server, Component Services (COM+) , and .NET.
A mechanism in Windows whereby an application can be registered with the operating system, thereby enabling other applications to call it. The application is given a numeric key, which is stored in the registry together with the application's location. A client calls the application by calling the key.
See also COM Automation server, COM object., Distributed COM (DCOM), Component Services, and .NET
Microsoft's architecture for creating objects with standard binary interfaces for the desktop.
A Microsoft product available for Windows that provides a transaction processing system for developing, deploying, and managing Internet, and intranet server applications. Component Services define an application programming model for developing, deploying, and managing distributed applications.
Component Services running COM+, and an application server running EJB components can be regarded as similar facilities, with Component Services being the "Microsoft-world" one and application servers the "Java-world" one.
See also Distributed COM.
Source code that is displayed so that only the lines marked in the prefix area are visible.
A routine that you call from your program to carry out data compression or key compression on a file. Micro Focus supplies a compression routine and you can provide your own compression routines.
See also Micro Focus compression routine and user-supplied compression routine.
A group of two or more data sets that are processed as single data set. It is defined in a jobstream with consecutive DD statements, with a DD name only on the first statement.
A search path containing several levels of library, folder and subfolder.
An operator that links two string operands to form a string expression. DB2 uses the symbol ( || ) as a synonym for CONCAT, the concatenation operator.
A record layout that is applied to a record only if a particular field meets a defined condition.
An area of memory containing configuration information such as environment variables and run-time tunables that the COBOL application running as a service in an enterprise server needs to allow it to run successfully.
The Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) outlines the most basic set of libraries and the virtual machine features that must be present in each implementation of a J2ME environment on highly constrained devices. The CLDC is targeted at devices with limited power (often battery operated) and connectivity to some kind of network, usually with limited bandwidth.
A standard extension mechanism for containers to provide connectivity to enterprise information systems. A connector is specific to an enterprise information system and consists of a resource adapter and application development tools for enterprise information system connectivity. The resource adapter is plugged in to a container through its support for system-level contracts defined in the connector architecture.
An architecture for integration of J2EE products with enterprise information systems. There are two parts to this architecture: a resource adapter provided by an enterprise information system vendor and the J2EE product that allows this resource adapter to plug in. This architecture defines a set of contracts that a resource adapter has to support in order to plug in to a J2EE product, for example, transactions, security, and resource management.
An entity that provides life cycle management, security, deployment, and runtime services to components. Each type of container (EJB, Web, JSP, servlet, applet, and application client) also provides component specific services.
A service in which the application container manages transactions on behalf of the COBOL application: the application container connects to resources (files and databases) and issues COMMITs, ROLLBACKS on behalf of the application.
In XML, the containment model for an XML document describes whether elements can appear nested within other tags, and sometimes in what order the elements should appear
See popup menu.
Every topic in an on-line help file has a unique context number that is used to reference that topic. The context number is used as an index into a look-up table held in the file which defines the address of each topic in the file.
You can choose the context number and define it using a .define tag. The numbers are purely arbitrary and do not reflect the structure of the file. The sequence of the topics in the source files is the only structure recognized.
More than one context number can point to the same topic.
An object that enables you to select choices or type information. Examples are entry fields, list boxes, and buttons such as check boxes, pushbuttons, radio buttons and spin buttons.
See also button.For Dialog System, see control object.
Controls the running of a COBOL program. In Dialog System, you can display the contents of the Control Block in the Screenset Animator.
See object dialog.
A set of physically identified controls,which makes each member of the group react to user actions in relation to other controls in that group. Some controls need to be grouped to operate correctly, for example, radio buttons need to be grouped so that selection of one deselects all the others.
A Dialog System object that can be added to a window object.
The part of a program specified as a relocatable unit, all elements of which are to be loaded into adjoining storage locations for execution.
An example implementation of a user interface control, which is supported using functions external to Dialog System.
A file extension that is defined as part of the configuration for Mainframe Access.
An optional facility allowing a user's application program to accumulate information acquired through multiple interchanges with a terminal, even though the program terminates between interchanges.
A token consisting of a name and value, passed to a Web browser by a server-side program.Cookies are used by server-side programs to maintain application state. For example, you could store a user id in a cookie, and use it to access an indexed file containing information about the selections a user had made in an online shopping application.
A file containing text which the compiler inserts into the main body of a program when a COPY statement is processed.
In COBOL, a file containing text which the compiler inserts into the main body of a program when a COPY statement is processed.
Debugging that takes place on a core dump produced when an application fails.
A set of run units consisting of a parent run unit and all the run units created from it.
A file used in CPI-C products to hold configuration information.
A file containing a copybook.
An area of code in a multi-threading program that accesses shared data. Critical sections can be protected by various synchronization primitives.
A special sort of fixed-lines topic in an on-line help file where each line contains a cross-reference to another topic. Such a topic is defined using the .list tag. It must not contain any formatting tags. When displayed, a full width cursor appears. This can be used to select a line to which you want to refer.
The first word on the line is used as the cross-reference name unless it is defined as a hotspot, in which case the hotspot cross-reference is used.
See Control Section.
The directory that the operating system, when looking for a file, will search first if no path is specified.
The folder that the operating system, when looking for a file, will search first if no path is specified.
The selected object that can be worked with. Distinguished by an emphasized border or size handles around it . You can change the current object by clicking on another object. Any action initiated is applied to the current object.
The current record pointer (CRP) is used to determine which record will be returned by a sequential read operation. The CRP is set by OPEN, READ and START.
When debugging, the statement currently being executed or, if none is currently being executed, the statement to be executed next.
A graphical image that shows you where text will appear on the screen when you press keys, or where you can make a selection.
A development tool that has been created in-house or by a supplier other than Micro Focus.
IBM's online transaction processing system.
IBM's online transaction processing system.
An editing operation to delete text from a file and move it to the clipboard, before pasting it back in a different location.
See also paste.
See Direct Access.
A data access object is created using the Data Access Wizard (launched by clicking Project > New Data Access from within the Project View). You can create a data access object to access a VSAM file, an IMS database or a DB2 database.
Once created, a data access object is used to generate a middle-tier component (an EJB, JavaBean or COM component that is called by a client application) and a mainframe component. The mainframe component is a CICS transaction that is deployed on the mainframe and performs the data access at runtime.
A Data Access Transaction is generated from a data access object. It comprises a middle-tier component (an EJB, JavaBean or COM component) and a mainframe component (a CICS transaction). The CICS transaction must be deployed on the mainframe where it performs a simple, single-record data access at runtime. You can create Data Access Transactions for VSAM files, IMS databases and DB2 databases.
The Data Access Wizard (launched by clicking Project > New Data Access from the Project View) enables you to create a data access object for accessing a VSAM file, an IMS database or a DB2 database.
The data definitions required by COBOL, as generated by Dialog System. Passed to Dialog System at run time.
Specified via the DATACOMPRESS directive in a $SET statement, data compression enables you to save disk space by compressing the data in a sequential or indexed file.
A control block used to define a file for a QSAM or BSAM data set. It contains the DDNAME that is used in JCL jobstreams and TSO sessions to link a file defined in a program to a physical file.
A situation in which a user is trying to access data which is locked by another user.
A sequence of SQL statements used to define objects in a DB2 database.
A sequence of SQL statements used to define objects in a DB2 database. The DDL is needed by the Data Access Wizard when creating a data access object that accesses a DB2 database.
A Mainframe Express and Net Express data tool that allows you to convert files between different formats.
A data tool that allows you to edit data files.
The programming interface to IMS services, similar to an API.
A library that holds data files required by your application that have not been allocated through the system catalog.
A sequence of SQL statements used to manipulate data in a DB2 database.
44 character name assigned to a file in MVS. The data set name is stored in the MVS catalog along with information required to locate the file on a specific device.
A method of arranging and accessing the records in a data set, for example, Direct Access.
A set of tools supplied with Mainframe Express and Net Express for working with data files.
A definition of a database. Each database that is accessed by a program needs to be defined by performing a DBDGEN.
A definition of a database. The DBD is needed by the Data Access Wizard when creating a data access object that accesses an IMS database.
See location.
See query.
In IMS Option, the root segment and all of its physical children.
A named collection of data that is conceptually organized in rows and columns.
A Micro Focus facility that allows applications running in Mainframe Express to access data sets and databases on the mainframe.
A Micro Focus facility that enables you to change the current data for an application before or while you are debugging it.
IMS database.
IBM's version of SQL with extensions implemented on both mainframe and PC platforms.
An IBM database management system. DB2 manages relational databases that can be accessed using SQL.
A component of Host Compatibility Option that converts all EXEC SQL statements to database API CALL statements and also allows programs that expect data to be in EBCDIC to store and access data in an ANSI database.
A feature of SQL Option for DB2 that enables you to access data in DB2 databases held on a mainframe.
File that contains database data for import or export in DBMAUI format.
File created by the SQL precompiler that contains a separate database request module for each embedded SQL statement in a program.
Creates a hierarchical map of a single DBD.
Is performed when a .DBD source file is compiled.
An IBM utility that enables data to be imported into and exported from DB2 databases. DBMAUI format is similar to ANSI delimited.
A general purpose utility for issuing DL/I calls dynamically, printing databases, and database management.
IMS Data Communications.
See Data Control Block.
A Host Compatibility Option utility that enables you to create copybooks containing the host variables needed by your Embedded SQL statements.
Eight-character data filename used in JCL DD statements and TSO ALLOC statements.
A component of Mainframe Express and Net Express that allows you to run a program interactively to observe its progress and more easily identify and fix bugs. The COBOL and Assembler debuggers in Mainframe Express and Net Express are each also known as Animator.
An SQL Option utility that automates the creation of copybooks containing the host variables needed by your Embedded SQL statements to access a specific table.
In Dialog System, attributes that a window can have. They are title bar, system menu, menu bar, minimize and maximize icons, horizontal and vertical scroll bars.
The action that will be performed when Enter is pressed or a confirmation choice is selected. If you double click on a selection, the item will be selected and the default action performed on it.
A record layout that is used if there are no other record layouts or if none of the conditional record layouts are applicable.
File that contains database data for import or export in ANSI delimited format.
A relationship between data items or between objects and the dialog that references them. For example, an entry field is dependent on the master field referenced in its properties.
Anything that must be provided before something else will work - for example a copybook is often a dependency of a COBOL program.
The process whereby software is installed into an operational environment.
A library containing files that are called by other files, such as copybooks.
A file provided with a Java archive file (.jar, .war or .ear) describing how it should be deployed. The deployment descriptor directs a deployment tool to deploy a module or application with specific container options and describes specific configuration requirements that a Deployer must resolve.
A folder that contains all of the generated files for a Component Generator project. If a user deployment location has been specified via user preferences, the deployment folder is created in the user deployment location. Otherwise, it is created in the project deployment location.
A folder that contains Component Generator deployment files in a series of subfolders. See also user deployment location and project deployment location
See also project deployment location .
The screen area on which the windows of a user's environment appear.
In Dialog System, a mode turned on by a checkmark option. In this mode, objects are displayed relative to the real desktop rather than to Dialog System's internal desktop which is bounded by the main window. Desktop mode is the default mode on Windows.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe transient data queues.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that shows a list of all the entities of the type selected in the tree view.
An MVS utility that performs sort and merge operations.
The MVS IMS application program, used to start IMS especially from JCL.
File that contains a specification of what files to process and what files to produce during a batch run of the Declaration Generator utility.
A character that has an accent.
A window that can contain controls, and asks for input from the user.
Sets of dialog functions implemented by using the CALLOUT dialog function, which provide commonly used user interface facilities.
A device-independent unit of measurement related to the size of the System font in Windows. For horizontal measurement, a dialog unit is equal to one-quarter of the average character width of the System font. For vertical measurement, a dialog unit is equal to one-eighth of the average character height of the System font. Dialog boxes and their controls are sized in dialog units to ensure that the dialog box displays correctly regardless of the user's screen resolution.
A file used by the debugger. It contains information about a program's structure and contents. The Compiler creates the dictionary file in the first phase of compilation, when checking the syntax. A dictionary file has the filename extension .idy, and is often referred to an .idy file.
An encrypted means of identification that cannot be forged and that enables clients to validate servers and vice versa.
Shown with reduced contrast; a way of indicating choices on a menu that are not available in the current context. Also called grayed.
A mainframe data set organization in which data is retrieved and stored by reference to its location in a data set rather than relative to the previously stored or accessed data.
A variant of Direct Access that means that the data set cannot be moved between physical devices on the mainframe. Documentary only on Mainframe Express.
Keywords used to control compilation and animation.
An ASCII text file containing one or more directives on one or more lines.
The program in Enterprise Server that maintains information about enterprise server objects (enterprise servers themselves, services, service listeners, request handlers and implementation packages), distributes the information to the other Enteprrise Server components and controls enterprise servers.
A file that records some of the activity occurring on the Directory Server.
The set of files that describes enterprise servers and the services, service listeners, request handlers and implementation packages associated with them.
The state of a data set, as defined in a DD statement. A disposition can be defined for the state before processing (such as NEW or OLD) and after processing (such as KEEP or CATLG).
An extension of Component Object Model (COM) enabling registered applications to be called remotely.
Microsoft's distributed version of COM.
A facility that allows one transaction program to call another transaction program on a remote CICS region.
An intercommunications facility that allows a transaction running in CICS Option to communicate with a transaction running in another system.
A stand-alone program running outside a control region.
To attach a dockable window to the edge of the development environment main window.
To drag a window into another one so that it attaches itself to the latter as a pane. A window that has this option usually has a popup menu on which you can select whether docking is allowed.
A window that can be displayed either as an ordinary window with a border on the desktop, or as a separate pane of the development environment main window. The status of the dockable window is changed by right-clicking on it and clicking Allow docking. When this is checked and the window is moved near an edge of the main window, it becomes a pane of the main window attached to that edge.
A way of representing a document as a tree containing nodes and subnodes. W3C have standards recommendations for Document Object Models for both HTML and XML documents, and models for other types of structured document are possible. For example, Microsoft have introduced a CodeDOM for representing the source code of computer programs as part of their .NET framework.
The DOM, defined by the W3C, is a way of representing XML text in memory thereby providing a means of accessing and manipulating your XML document. Put simply, it is an API to a tree data structure. To use the DOM, you must incorporate a DOM engine into your application (you can do this by registering the Java DOM engine as a class).
The directory, on a Web server platform, below which all of the Web site documents are stored.
A description of the structure and properties of a class of XML files.
A set of rules governing the element types that are allowed within an XML document and specifying the allowed content and attributes of each element type. The DTD also declares all the external entities referenced within the document and the notations that can be used.
A hierarchical naming system that uses a combination of text names separated by periods to create a unique name.
For example; machine2.microfocus.com
A system of allocating human-readable domain names to machines on the Internet. The domain name can be entered in a URL in place of the machine's IP address. Domain names take the form www.microfocus.com.
Disk Operating System/Virtual Storage Extended. An IBM operating system.
A 16-bit character set. Used, for example, to display Japanese characters.
To press and release a mouse button twice in rapid succession. Used to select an item or object and perform the default action on it (for example, double clicking on a window's system menu button closes that window).
To transfer a file from a remote computer to your own computer.
To press and hold a mouse button, move the mouse pointer, then release the mouse button.
To press and hold a mouse button while the mouse pointer is on an object, move the mouse pointer, then release the mouse button. This moves the object to the new position. Use this method to move icons or data from a source to a destination.
Distributed Relational Database Architecture. A standard architecture that defines formats and protocols to provide transparent access to remote data.
File that contains database data for import or export in DSNTIAUL format.
A Host Compatibility Option utility that translates SQL error codes into text messages.
An IBM utility that enables data in EBCDIC to be imported into and exported from DB2 databases.
A key in an indexed file for which more than one record in the file can have the same value.
An Assembler facility that enables a program to allocate data sets during execution.
A Host Compatibility Option utility that allows you to bind a program against a database while it is running.
The object which will receive a message is unknown when an OO COBOL program is compiled. The OO COBOL system determines the receiver at run time.
A collective name for some new HTML features that give Web authors more control over the appearance of their Web pages and enable them to create Web pages that can change in response to user interaction. Both the Netscape Navigator 4.0 or above browser and Microsoft's Internet Explorer 4.0 or above browser support DHTML. However, their definitions of exactly what it constitutes are slightly different. Both have submitted their proposals for inclusion in HTML 4.0, the definition of which is being co-ordinated by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). DHTML provides an object-oriented view of a Web page and its elements; this is known as the Document Object Model.
An executable file in an industry standard format. Dynamic link library files have the file extension .dll, and are often known as .dll files. A dynamic link library is created by linking an .obj file.
A technique for packing reusable executable code with a well-defined API on Windows platforms.
A method of linking in which a subprogram is loaded into memory is loaded into memory when it is first called. During linking, the call is replaced by code that causes the name of the subprogram to be passed to a run-time routine. At run time, this routine searches for the subprogram, first to see if it is already loaded, and, if not, if it exists in a dynamically linked executable of the same name. When found, and loaded if necessary, control is passed to the subprogram.
See also static linking.
A method of loading a program into memory when it is not linked to an application. A dynamically loaded program is only loaded when it is called. Dynamic loading is used for .int and .gnt files.
A method of linking that enables a program to load and use any run-time system supported by dynamic run-time system binding.
A subprogram which is linked in such a way that it will not be required at link time, but can be accessed dynamically when it is referenced at run time.
A file whose name is specified to the COBOL program via a data item referenced in the ASSIGN clause of the SELECT statement.
See also externally assigned file.
A JAR archive that contains a J2EE application.
A software entity created by Component Generator. It is a unit of work that drives a series of 3270 CICS or IMS transactions. For example, a new eBiz Transaction might combine legacy CICS transactions where the end user is working through a hierarchy of input or menu screens to reach one output screen. The eBiz Transaction is a package of business functionality. Since it may require a sequence of screen interactions to complete one unit of business function, that entire sequence can be conveniently packaged together and invoked as a single unit.
A GUI tool (part of the Component Generator) for specifying the CICS or IMS transactions that make up an eBiz Transaction. You define the steps that a new eBiz Transaction follows, where one step corresponds to one legacy CICS or IMS transaction. The painter also enables you to define the input and output fields for the eBiz Transaction.
A set of Business-to-Business (B2B) XMLspecifications developed by UN/CEFACT (United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business) and OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) to enable a modular electronic business framework.
An application programming interface (API) supplied as part of CICS Transaction Gateway that provides an alternative to using WebSphere MQ by enabling a non-CICS program to call a CICS program located on the CICS server, passing and receiving data using a COMMAREA.
A text box in which the user can enter information. Also called an entry field.
A definition of the behavior of Mainframe Express and Net Express facilities for editing source files and other text files of a particular type.
A set of Java classes that has been built to the Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) specification, enabling it to be deployed as a component in an application server so it can be called by other applications.
Enterprise JavaBeans execute within an EJB container, which in turn executes within an EJB server. Any server that can host an EJB container and provide it with the necessary services can be an EJB server. This means that many existing servers, such as Web servers, may be extended to be EJB servers, and in fact many vendors have achieved this.
See also Web server .
Enterprise JavaBeans execute within an EJB container, which in turn executes within an EJB server. Any server that can host an EJB container and provide it with the necessary services can be an EJB server. This means that many existing servers, such as Web servers, may be extended to be EJB servers, and in fact many vendors have achieved this.
See also Web server .
HTML that is embedded within a COBOL program. It is delimited by EXEC HTML and END-EXEC statements.
SQL statements that are contained in COBOL programs within delimiters.
The process by which a function in one environment is performed in a different environment. For example, Mainframe Express emulates many mainframe functions in a PC environment.
In OO programming, an object's data is said to be encapsulated when you can only access or manipulate the data through the methods the object provides. To invoke a particular method, you send the object a message.
The ACCEPT and DISPLAY syntax available with this system has been extended beyond the ANSI standard to allow sophisticated handling of the screen and keyboard.
Such ACCEPT and DISPLAY syntax is referred to as enhanced or extended.
See also Adis.
A component that implements a business task or business entity and resides in an EJB container; either an entity bean or a session bean.
The applications that comprise an enterprise's existing system for handling company-wide information. These applications provide an information infrastructure for an enterprise. An enterprise information system offers a well defined set of services to its clients. These services are exposed to clients as local and/or remote interfaces. Examples of enterprise information systems include: enterprise resource planning systems, mainframe transaction processing systems, and legacy database systems.
A set of standards and mechanisms for the development and deployment of enterprise-level applications that are distributed and object-oriented. Applications written using the Enterprise JavaBeans architecture are scalable, transactional, and secure.
Since Enterprise JavaBeans is the name of a facility, the term is singular.
See also EJB component.
ASP and JSP can be regarded as equivalent facilities, with ASP being the "Microsoft-world" one and JSP the "Java-world" one.
A server that provides an execution environment for COBOL applications running as services.
A user interface to the Directory Server that runs in a Web browser.
Parent of all processes in an enterprise server.
Another name for the Workflow Capture Server. See workflow capture.
An architecture defined by Sun Microsystems for writing reusable software components in Java.
A text box in which the user can enter information.
A labeled place in a piece of code where execution can begin.
A component of Mainframe Express that enables an application to find all the entry points in a program, including entry points in programs that have not yet been loaded.
A VSAM file with ES record format.
A VSAM record format where records are stored in the order they were entered.
A piece of code for processing an event. An event handler for a window or dialog box is an OO COBOL method. An event handler for an HTML or ActiveX layout form is written in JavaScript or JScript and embedded in the HTML page.
See event
A processing error at run time. Objects should be designed to raise exceptions whenever they encounter an error condition. The supplied Class Library provides a default exception handling mechanism which reports the error and shuts down the application. You can attach your own exception handling mechanisms to any factory, class or instance object if you want a more sophisticated way of responding to exceptions.
See executable file
Source code extensions for application languages including COBOL, Assembler, and PL/1 which require a pre-processor to expand the extensions into equivalent call statements in the specific programming language.
Source code extensions for application languages including COBOL which require a pre-processor to expand the extensions into equivalent call statements in the specific programming language.
Source code extensions for application languages including COBOL and PL/I which require a pre-processor to expand the extensions into equivalent call statements in the specific programming language.
The JCL statement in a job step that defines the program to be executed. It can specify the program explicitly or specify a cataloged procedure that contains the EXEC statement that defines the program.
Code that can be executed. The types of executable code are system executable code, dynamic link libraries, generated code and intermediate code.
A file that contains executable code, and thus can be run or executed. An executable file that can be invoked from the command line is called the trigger or main executable file, and is always a system executable file. An executable file that is dynamically linked to another program is called a dynamic link library. Intermediate code files and generated code files are executable files that can be dynamically loaded, and do not have to be linked.
The statement in a program that is the next to be executed.
A program you can supply to alter the behavior of system software at specified points.
File that contains a specification of how to export data from an XDB database to a file.
Source code that is displayed with all lines visible.
A call made from a program in which the full filename of the called program is specified; for example:
call "myprog.gnt"
Compare with implicit call
When called from a program, a full filename including the extension; for example:
call "myprog.gnt"
Compare with implicit filename
In Dialog System, create a representation of a screenset in textual mode.
Uused on IBM mainframes and consisting of 256 characters all of which are valid data characters which can appear in quoted text strings in source code. The letter A has the hexadecimal value x"C1" and the digit 0 has the hexadecimal value x"F0" which causes the collating sequence for letters and numbers to be reversed from ASCII.
A notation in which you describe the structure of information in a text document by enclosing information in user-defined tags that define the syntactic elements. A flexible way to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, and elsewhere.
J2EE deployment descriptors are expressed in XML.
A "best practices" subset of SGML that has been designed by the Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) for use on the Internet.
Used on IBM mainframes and consisting of 256 characters all of which are valid data characters which can appear in quoted text strings in source code. The letter A has the hexadecimal value x"C1" and the digit 0 has the hexadecimal value x"F0" which causes the collating sequence for letters and numbers to be reversed from ASCII.
XSL is a language for expressing stylesheets in XML documents and is the counterpart to the Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) language in HTML. Developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), XSL consists of three parts: XSL Transformation (XSLT), XML Path Language (XPath), and XSL Formatting Objects.
XSL comprises two technologies: XSL Transformation (XSLT) and XSL Formatting Objects. These two technologies correspond directly to the two main functions of an XSL processor: to construct a result tree from an XML source tree and to interpret the result tree for formatting purposes.
A language for transforming the structure of XML documents. Used both for transforming one XML document into another XML document and for transforming XML documents to text or HTML documents.
The part of a filename that follows the period (.). In NTFS it follows the last period.
In Mainframe Access, a file extension used in place of the default value in specified circumstances.
An application programming interface that enables programs other than transaction programs to obtain CICS Option services.
A file that is EXTERNAL as defined by the ANSI'85 standard. It can be accessed by any program running in the run unit. Do not confuse external files with externally assigned files.
A library containing files of types not explicitly used or recognized by Mainframe Express.
An application programming interface that lets a non-CICS application program appear to the CICS system as one or more standard 3270 terminals.
Used in on-line help files if a topic is going to be accessed from an external source. These names are held in a tree structure in the on-line help file. When a topic-name is used in a search or on entry to the On-line Help Viewer, the tree is searched for the name.
A file whose name is specified to the COBOL program via a mechanism outside the program - such as an operating system command - rather than in the ASSIGN clause of the SELECT statement.
See also dynamically assigned file.
A type of transient data queue. Extrapartition queues can be accessed by both transaction programs and non-transaction programs.
A database designed to provide high data availability and fast processing for IMS applications.
See File Definition.
An area on a screen defined to display or accept an elementary data item. The term is sometimes used to refer to the elementary data item.
The ability of a program to access individual fields in a database.
A view in the Data File Editor that shows individual fields in a record.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe the data sets used by transaction programs.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe the data sets used by transaction programs.
Part of a COBOL program that defines a file. The File Definition includes the DDNAME that is used in JCL jobstreams and TSO sessions to link a file defined in a program to a physical file
The File Handling Redirector is a module in the COBOL system that can be used to intercept I/O requests to indexed, sequential and relative files. Depending upon how the File Handling Redirector is configured, these requests are passed directly to the Callable File Handler or to a Fileshare Server running on a remote machine. It is also possible to call the File Handling Redirector directly as it conforms to the same API as the Callable File Handler.
A Dialog System menu that enables you to work with an entire screenset.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that shows the files contained in a project.
Fileshare Client is the client portion of Fileshare Version 2.
A Fileshare Client is a user program making I/O requests to data files via the File Handling Redirector module.
A database that IMS applications gain access to using Fileshare. More than one user can have update access at the same time, through the use of record locking and dynamic rollback.
Fileshare Server is the server portion of Fileshare Version 2.
A Fileshare Server accepts requests across a network from a Fileshare Client, processes them by calling a local copy of the Callable File Handler and then returns the result to the Fileshare Client.
The process of changing the entries displayed on Mainframe Express and Net Express views.
A functional unit that protects and controls the connection of one network to other networks. The firewall prevents unwanted or unauthorized communication traffic from entering the protected network and allows only selected communication traffic to leave the protected network.
Specialized Internet servers that provide some level of security by isolating a corporation's networks from the Internet.
The window that will be displayed first when a screenset runs.
A type of record format in which all the records in a file are the same length.
A block of lines in a topic of an on-line help file that is displayed exactly as written with no formatting. If no vertical alignment is needed, such a block is defined using the :lines and :elines tags. If vertical alignment is to be maintained, you must define the block as a character graphic.
A Mainframe Express and Net Express data tool that enables you to rebuild the index of a corrupt indexed file.
A topic in an on-line help file that is formatted dynamically at display time to fit in the sides of the topic window so that no horizontal scrolling is necessary. Fixed-lines blocks can extend beyond the right-hand edge of the window.
Set of instructions with associated data formats for performing mathematical calculations on numbers consisting of a sign, exponent, and mantissa. The System/390 supports 4, 8, and 16 byte format for floating point numbers all of which have a 7 bit exponent is base 16. The Pentium processor supports a 4 and 8 byte format conforming to an IEEE standard.
See input focus.
A container for files.
The process of restoring a database by returning to a checkpoint then reapplying updates made since the checkpoint was taken.
A view in the Data File Editor that shows individual fields in a record.
A rectangular border that can be used to frame other controls on a dialog box.
An HTML element which enables you to define the number and size of vertical and horizontal frames inside an HTML page. Each frame displays a separate HTML page as a subwindow inside the frameset.
A protocol used by several different types of object co-operating to implement a particular function. An individual class or instance object has a public interface which describes the way you communicate with that object. A framework describes the way in which different types of object interact together. For example, the public interface to an OrderedCollection describes how you can add, retrieve and remove elements. The Collection framework describes how OrderedCollections (and other types of collection) communicate with the objects they are storing as elements.
Another term for application generation .
Dialog System functions are used in dialog to effect actions as a result of an event occurring. For example, an event such as BUTTON-SELECTED might invoke a function such as CREATE-WINDOW.
A facility that enables a CICS transaction program to access the files, transient data queues, and transient storage queues on a remote system.
See control.
An IMS object member or library produced by compiling MFS, PSB or DBD source code.
Multiple update copies of a data set stored in a time-dependent sequence. The user defines the number of copies to be maintained. After that number is reached, then, each time the data set is updated, the oldest is replaced.
Executable code in a Micro Focus proprietary format. It is produced by the Compiler during the second phase of compilation, and is optimized intermediate code.
An executable file containing generated code. It is produced by the Compiler during the second phase of compilation, and is optimized intermediate code. Generated code files have the extension .gnt, and are often known as .gnt files.
The second phase of compilation, which converts intermediate code to native code (also called generated code).
See also generated code.
The Compiler is sometimes treated as if it is two separate compilers. The second phase of compilation is thus sometimes called the Generator.
See also generate phase
To obtain a read-only copy of a specific version of a file in a source code control system.
Dialog System dialog attached to a screenset. The dialog defines the behavior of the screenset in response to events that are global to the screenset. Dialog System searches the dialog attached to the current control or window. If it does not find the event, it searches the global dialog.
See also object dialog
An item (on a screen) that you can manipulate as a single unit, such as a pointer, icon, window or menu.
A user interface in which you control the working of a program by selecting icons and by selecting items from windows such as pulldown menus and dialog boxes; generally you do this by clicking with a mouse.
A user interface in which you control the working of a program by selecting items from pulldown menus and dialog boxes or by clicking icons.
See dimmed.
A named collection of CICS resources. You can specify which resources are available to a particular region by specifying which resource groups are to be installed when the region is started.
A group can be defined to be public or private. A public group is a group whose definition can be accessed by any user. A private group is a group whose definition can be accessed only by users with the correct group prefix.
A title and box drawn around a group of controls. This box is used to visually emphasize a group of related controls.
See also control group
A field in a CICS user's SNT entry that controls the user's access to the definitions of private groups. A user can access only those private groups whose names begin with this group prefix.
A memory page (4096 bytes on Intel processors) that has special permissions set on it so that it cannot be read or written to. By placing guard pages before or after pages assigned to object storage, the run-time system can catch attempts to read or write beyond the ends of object data.
See request handler
A control used at the top of a list box to label columns in the list box. The user can change the size of columns by dragging the header bar borders. Push button-style header bars are often used to provide a mechanism for sorting the items in the list alphabetically by values in any of the columns.
A storage area defined by Language Environment run-time options. The heap is used for working storage in COBOL programs.
A push button on a window or dialog box that provides contextual help when pushed.
An alphabetical list of the available help topics. Accessed from the Help menu or from menu bars and Help buttons within the Help system.
The menu of help choices available from the menu bar.
Technique used in Remote IMS that enables a syncpoint to complete even though there were problems processing the request.
The representation of numbers in the positional number system with base 16. The sixteen hexadecimal digits are usually represented by 0-9, A-F.
A database access method that uses algorithms to access records in a hierarchic direct organization.
A visual means (reverse video or color change) of indicating that an object or an item is selected.
An optional file-handling system in Windows NT that is compatible with OS/2. When you use it file access is very efficient, and filenames are not restricted to those consisting of 8-character basename, period, and 3-character extension. Your disk must be specially formatted to use HPFS.
A list used to store the title of each on-line help topic displayed. By accessing the list, any topic previously visited can be identified and revisited. The history list holds the last 40 items visited in the current session.
The first topic in the first source file used to create an on-line help file. The home topic is displayed whenever the On-line Help Viewer is specified with a filename but no topic-name. Additionally, the Home function causes the home topic to be displayed. The home topic should always contain a very brief overview of the information supplied in the on-line help file, and provide hotspots to enable the user to get to the various parts of the file.
See scroll bar.
An option of Mainframe Express that allows DB2/MVS and DB2/VM development to be performed on a PC using some of IBM's family of DB2 Universal Database products.
A COBOL field that is referenced by OpenESQL statements. Host variables are the primary means by which data is transferred between an SQL database and COBOL applications.
A keystroke (such as Alt+I) which you can use to select a menu choice when that choice is visible.
An area in a topic of an on-line help file which, when activated, causes another topic to be displayed. Hotspots should be identified by using consistent highlighting.
A form for display in a Web browser. HTML provides form elements, which enable you to add controls such as entry fields and buttons to an HTML page. HTML forms can be displayed in any form-enabled Web browser.
Part of an HTML page which enables the user to enter information. Form elements enable you to add controls such as entry fields and buttons to an HTML page. HTML forms can be displayed in any form-enabled Web browser.
See Web server
See Web server
A markup language for displaying documents on the Internet or an intranet. HTML documents can contain links (URLs) to jump to other documents, download files, or run server-side programs.
A set of markup symbols used for formatting and layout control in files intended for display on World Wide Web browsers. HTML documents can contain links (URLs) to jump to other documents, download files, or run server-side programs.
The application level communications protocol used between Web browsers and servers.
The set of rules for exchanging files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web. Relative to the TCP/IP suite of protocols, which are the basis for information exchange on the Internet, HTTP is an application protocol.
A PC format for the exchange of data between databases. This format stores table and index definitions with the data.
A small picture representing an object or a selection choice (for example a window, project, tool, program, document, set of data, container). Windows can be minimized (reduced to icons) to save space on the desktop.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the IKJEFT01 utility.
An MVS utility that manages VSAM data sets.
A file output by the Assembler Compiler when the program has been compiled for debugging.
A file containing indexes.
A Micro Focus file format that provides for a greater number of duplicate key values for an index key than previous indexed file formats.
See dictionary file.
An MVS utility that copies sequential data sets.
A format for the storage of floating numbers created by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
An MVS utility that simply returns to the calling program. Executing it as part of a JCL jobstream provides you with a way of allocating and deallocating data files at specific points in the jobstream.
An MVS utility that submits TSO commands in batch mode.
File that contains a specification of how to import data from a file into an XDB database.
A collection of information about a COBOL application that is providing a service in an enterprise server.
A call made from a program in which only the basename (that is the, filename without the file extension) of the called program is specified; for example:
call "myprog"
For implicit calls, the run-time system searches for files in a particular order (for example, first by seeing if there is a file of filename.gnt, then filename.int, and so on).
Compare with explicit call
A filename called from a program in which only the basename, (that is the, filename without the file extension) is specified; for example:
call "myprog"
The run-time system searches for implicit filenames in a particular order (for example, first by seeing if there is a file of filename.gnt, then filename.int, and so on).
Compare with explicit filename
Receive a representation of a screenset in textual mode. Selective import of objects is possible.
A database management tool that is used to initialize, load, unload, and reorganize databases.
Information Management System/Enterprise Systems Architecture, any of several system environments available with IMS Database Manager and Transaction Manager, capable of managing complex databases and terminal networks.
An option of Mainframe Express that allows you to develop and maintain IMS DC and DB programs.
A log file used to provide descriptive information for serious problems encountered when debugging, running, or using the IMS Option utilities.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that lets you define IMS transactions, printers and DB catalog entries.
A COM server started inside the COM container window. When in-place activation occurs, the server can add its own menus and toolbars to the container.
See also COM container, COM server.
An open window that is not receiving input from the keyboard. Distinguished from the active window by a dimmed border.
A file containing text, which the Compiler inserts into the main body of a COBOL program when it processes an INCLUDE statement in that program.
See also copyfile.
The means of accessing the records randomly in a data file that uses keys. Such a file can have a primary index and several alternate indices.
A Micro Focus file format that provides keyed record access like the mainframe data set organizations ISAM and VSAM KS.
An access method that preceded VSAM. It allows direct access to the records in the data set.
A type of CICS transient data queue. An indirect transient data queue is simply an alias for another transient data queue (which may itself be indirect).
A window in which the state of one data item can be viewed during debugging.
IBM's database system consisting of IMS/Data Base and IMS/Data Communications.
An IBM database management system that enables users to set up and maintain complex hierarchical databases on mainframes.
The mechanism by which a subclass has access to the functionality in its superclass. A subclass always inherits all the methods of its superclass, which it can override if necessary. A subclass can also inherit the data of its superclass, although this depends on the settings in the CLASS-ID header of both the subclass and the superclass. By identifying different types of objects which have common functionality, you can implement the common methods for that functionality in a single class and inherit it in any number of subclasses.
Each class inherits all the methods of its superclass, so a class ultimately inherits all methods all the way up to a root class. A factory or class object inherits the factory or class methods of its superclass, and an instance object inherits the instance methods of its superclass. In ISO 2002 OO COBOL a class cna have mreo than one immediate superclass. In Micro Focus OO COBOL implementation, a class has only one immediate superclass. The superclass is named in the INHERITS clause of the CLASS-ID header.
See also subclass, superclass.
File used on PCs for holding configuration information.
The action of setting fields to initial values before any processing commences. Initial values are zeros for numeric fields and spaces for alphanumeric fields.
In WebSphere MQ, a local queue on which the queue manager puts trigger messages.
A state of the system that indicates which window receives keyboard events. A window has the focus if keyboard and mouse events are sent to it.
Defines a set of signals which a component can receive. A single component can have many input sockets, and use each each socket to connect to a different component.
See also component, signal .
An editing mode in which each character that you type is inserted at the current cursor position.
See also Instance Object.
A single occurrence of an object of a particular class. Instance objects are created by sending an appropriate message (usually "new") to a class object. For example, to create a window for display on the desktop, you send the "new" message to the Window class object. The methods and data for instance objects are defined in the object program, which is nested within the class program. The object program starts with the header OBJECT and finishes with END OBJECT.
To run a program by making a single call to the program. The instructions that are executed together with the set of data produced by the unique call to the program are called an instance of the program.
A data set that is included within a jobstream. In Mainframe Express, in accordance with the JCL syntax rules, it must be defined with a DD * or DD DATA statement. On the mainframe, MVS provides a SYSIN DD * statement if the DD statement is omitted.
A graphical user interface provided for developing, compiling and debugging applications.
The graphical user interface provided by the Component Generator for modernizing and extending a legacy application.
In ISO 2002 OO COBOL, a collection of method prototypes. Objects can implement interfaces, which means that they must provide full methods for each of the method prototypes.
In XML-enabled eBiz Transactions, the term interface is used to describe the structure of the XML documents that are received as input and sent as output by the eBiz Transaction.
An XML-enabled eBiz Transaction's default interface is defined by the Component Generator, and is a one to one mapping of eBiz Transaction fields to XML document elements. When the eBiz Transaction is generated, the Component Generator automatically creates both DTDs and XML Schemas which describe this default interface.
Using the XML Mapper, it is possible to design multiple interfaces for an eBiz Transaction by mapping eBiz Transaction fields to the elements and attributes defined in an existing DTD.
A collection of information necessary to map a client request onto a COBOL program interface.
Code produced when a source program is syntax-checked. Intermediate code is executable code in a Micro Focus proprietary format.
An executable file containing intermediate code. An intermediate code file has the filename extension .int, and is often referred to an .int file.
A worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 100 countries, one from each country.
Microsoft's Web server product.
Microsoft's Web server product.
An application level protocol defined for CORBA that runs on top of TCP/IP.
Low level communications standard for transporting packets on the Internet.
Low level communications standard for transporting packets on the Internet.
A programming interface and a template for writing applications that run in Microsoft's Web server(IIS).
A programming interface and a template for writing applications that run in Microsoft's Web server (IIS).
A type of CICS transient data queue. An intrapartition queue can be accessed only by transaction programs.
A class corresponding to a COBOL intrinsic data type. These classes are used as templates so that you can send messages to COBOL intrinsic data using the INVOKE ... AS... construct.
The process by which a Java Bean class is read in order to create a representation of the Java Bean's API. It is carried out by the Introspector class, which is part of the Java Core Reflection API.
Send a message to an object. OO COBOL defines a new verb, INVOKE, to enable you to send messages.
Every machine on the Internet is allocated an IP address. These are 32 bit numbers usually represented as four eight bit numbers separated by dots, for example, 198.77.127.10.
Every machine on the Internet is allocated an IP address. These are 32 bit numbers usually represented as four eight bit numbers separated by dots, for example, 198.77.127.10.
that interconnects networks that use Novell's NetWare clients and servers.
See indexed sequential.
File that contains database data for import or export in IBM integrated exchange format (PC version).
See connector
The run-time portion of a J2EE product. A J2EE server provides Web and/or EJB containers.
See Java Archive
Java is a simple, robust, object-oriented, platform-independent multi-threaded, dynamic general-purpose programming environment. Its main use is for creating applets (small applications) which run inside an end user's browser, using their machine's resources.
An interpreted programming language, created by Sun Microsystems. Java programs are object oriented and fully portable from one platform to another.
A version of the Java 2 Platform which is optimized for the development of applications embedded in small wireless devices such as mobile phones and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants)
A piece of Java software built to run independently, as opposed to Java applets and JSPs, which run under the control of a Web server.
For eBiz Transactions that support MIDP-compliant clients, Component Generator automatically creates a .jad file which must be downloaded to the mobile device. The .jad file enables the mobile device's application manangement software to identify, retrieve and install a MIDlet.
A Java Archive (.jar) file contains Java resources. A .jar file is a convenient way of packaging and delivering Java resources, especially as it can be compressed.
Used for packaging a Java applet or application together with any other classes and resources (e.g. sound or image files) it needs to run. The JAR file format is based on the Zip file format and has the extension .jar. JAR is a platform-independent file format that permits many files to be aggregated into one file.
A software development environment for writingapplets and applications in the Java programming language.
An API that provides naming and directory functionality.
A distributed object model for communications among Java programs, in which the methods of remote objects written in the Java programming language can be invoked from other Java virtual machines, possibly on different hosts.
An object-oriented programming interface from Sun Microsystems that lets you build reusable applications or program building blocks called components, which can be deployed in a network.
An architecture defined by Sun Microsystems for writing reusable software components in Java.
A Java class that can be manipulated in a visual builder tool and composed into applications. A JavaBeans component must adhere to certain property and event interface conventions.
An object-oriented scripting language for use with Web browsers. JavaScript code can be embedded on an HTML page, HTML form or ActiveX layout form. JavaScript enables you to make a page or form interactive, responding to user events (such as mouse-clicks) without the need to run a server-side program. Not all browsers support JavaScript, Netscape Navigator V2.0 or later and Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 or later both support JavaScript. Do not confuse JavaScript with Java; although they have similar syntax, Java is a full programming language which supports the creation of sophisticated applications.
A Netscape scripting language that can be embedded in HTML pages and executed in either browsers or servers.
An extensible Web technology that uses template data, custom elements, scripting languages, and server-side Java objects to return dynamic content to a client. Typically the template data is HTML or XML elements, and in many cases the client is a Web browser.
Since JavaServer Pages is the name of a facility, the term is singular.
See alsoJSP page and Active Server Pages (ASP). ASP and JSP can be regarded as equivalent facilities, with ASP being the "Microsoft-world" one and JSP the "Java-world" one.
A technology for controlling the content or appearance of a Web page. JavaServer Pages (JSP) technology uses tags and scriptlets written in the Java programming language to encapsulate the logic that generates the content for the page. Additionally, the application logic can reside in server-based resources (such as JavaBeans or Enterprise JavaBeans components) that the page accesses with these tags and scriptlets.
A protocol- and platform-independent server-side component, written in Java. Servlets can be plugged into a Web server, dynamically extending its functionality.
A protocol- and platform-independent server-side component, written in Java. Servlets can be plugged into a Web server, dynamically extending its functionality.
See job control language.
The Mainframe Express function that supports the use of JCL in a PC environment. It syntax checks and executes the JCL statements in a jobstream.
See job entry system.
Abbreviation for just-in-time, see just-in-time debugging.
An IBM-defined language for the statements that define a job to MVS.
An IBM-defined language used to define a job to the mainframe operating system.
The MVS function that controls the execution of jobs and produces a report for each job, known as a spool file. Two versions are available: JES2 and JES3. Mainframe Express emulates both.
The job log gives you access to the Component Generator log files created during the generation process.
The first statement of a job. It defines basic information about the job such as name and class.
Part of a job. It is defined by an EXEC statement.
The input to MVS, defining the jobs to be run. Mainframe Express supports jobstreams containing only one job.
A Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe the journals in which CICS Option logs changes to data files and other events.
A variant of JavaScript
A Microsoft scripting language that can be embedded in HTML pages and executed in either browsers or servers.
See JavaServer Pages
See JavaServer Pages
A Web page with the extension .jsp, which is recognized by the Web server as meaning it contains scripts for execution by the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) in the Web server.
A technique for debugging a program where the debugger is started only when the program fails.
A Java virtual machine designed with the constraints of mobile devices in mind. Named to reflect that its size is measured in tens of kilobytes, the KVM is suitable for devices with 16/32-bit RISC/CISC microprocessors/controller and with as little as 160 KB of total memory available. The KVM is extremely small and efficient ensuring optimal performance in devices such as low-end cells phones and pagers.
Abbreviation for kilobyte, a measure of size of computer storage, equal to 1024 bytes. Also abbreviated to K.
A field in a record used to access it.
A subdivision of a key.
Specified via the KEYCOMPRESS directive in a $SET statement, key compression enables you to save disk space by compressing the keys of an indexed file.
The key that is currently selected for viewing the records in an indexed file.
A VSAM file format in which records are stored in key order.
A key that provides an immediate short-cut to a function. For example, Ctrl+O is equivalent to clicking File, Open on the Mainframe Express or Net Express menu. Where keyboard shortcuts are attached to menu items, they are shown right-justified against the items to which they apply.
A collection of keyboard shortcuts.
See key sequence.
A set of standard callable routines and run-time options defined by IBM which are intended to facilitate the development of mixed-language applications. In Mainframe Express, they can be used with any MVS application that is written in COBOL.
See Language Environment.
On a structure diagram, a node with no subordinate nodes.
An application that has been in use for many years. Typically it is in COBOL, perhaps with CICS or IMS, and running on a mainframe. The developers who wrote and understood the application may have left long ago. Micro Focus specializes in products that help companies to analyze, maintain, and modernize such applications.
Extending and enhancing the usefulness of a legacy application, for example by adding a new, more modern interface or by integrating it into a new enterprise-wide or business-to-business system.
A file containing binary objects that can be linked into a system executable file. A common type of .lib file contains indirection references to calls in a dynamic link library, and is called an import library. The exact format of the file is platform-specific.
A file with a file extension of .lbr containing a set of other files or programs. The library file can be opened by the COBOL system or a user application to make those files or programs accessible.
A link command file containing ALIAS, ENTRY,INCLUDE and NAME statements for Assembler programs being combined into a statically linked executable load module.
In the terms 'above the line' and 'below the line', the point at which an area of memory starts to need 31-bit addressing to point to it.
A type of block selection in which the action of dragging the mouse over text selects lines of text.
A type of Micro Focus file format used for text files, in which the records are stored as variable length with trailing spaces removed and are separated from each other by control record separators.
A VSAM file format for linear data blocks.
A component of the Assembler Option that reads a file containing non-executable object code and produces an executable file with all references resolved
The utility used to link .obj files to create system executable files or dynamic link libraries.
Using the Linker to link a program to other programs, or to a run-time system.
A structure in a topic in an on-line help file that is displayed in a specific way. Each list consists of a set of items, the start of each item being identified by an appropriate tag. The start and end of each list is also identified by a tag. A list item can contain further lists. The presentation of these embedded lists reflects the depth of embedding.
There are several types of lists: simple lists, unordered lists, ordered lists, definition lists and parameter lists.
See simple list box.
See service listener
A faster form of static linking, in which calls are resolved at link time. Calls are litlinked if call convention 8 is used on the call, or if the program is compiled using the LITLINK compiler directive. As the name implies, a litlinked call must use a literal rather than a data-name.
A library containing executable files.
A viewable list of the programs and modules loaded during the execution of a program.
A clipboard that you can use for cut and paste operations only within the Mainframe Express or Net Express IDE.
A WebSphere MQ object belonging to a local queue manager.
A WebSphere MQ object belonging to a local queue manager that defines the attributes of a queue that is owned by another queue manager.
In WebSphere MQ, a queue that belongs to the local queue manager. A local queue can contain a list of messages waiting to be processed.
See also remote queue .
In WebSphere MQ, the queue manager to which a program is connected and that provides message queuing services to the program. Queue managers to which a program is not connected are called remote queue managers, even if they are running on the same system as the program.
A topic-name that can only be referenced from a single on-line help file. Such a name is identified by a leading "at" character (@). The On-line Help Builder converts all local topic-names to context numbers. Local topic-names cannot start with a digit.
An area in an relational database that can contain database objects such as databases and tables.
Each time an eBiz Transaction is generated, the generation process is recorded and written to a text file in the WorkArea\Logs folder in the project (or user) deployment location. Each log file has a .log filename extension. You can view the contents of a log file from within the Component Generator IDE by clicking View > Job Log.
An event defined for a particular object, and raised by the object as a result of an event from the end user. For example, a dialog box might define logical events to represent OK and Cancel, raising OK when the OK button is clicked and Cancel when the Cancel button is clicked. The parent of the dialog box can register interest in the OK and Cancel logical events, so that it can act on these events without knowing the details of the dialog box controls.
See also event.
The grouping of output message segments for formatting in MFS.
An end user, that is a human being or an application program representing a human being, in an SNA network.
A sequence of processing tasks that must be completed before any of the individual tasks can be regarded as committed. A committed task does not need to be backed out in the event of a transaction or CICS Option failure. The end of a logical unit of work is denoted by a syncpoint.
A type of SNA logical unit used to represent end users in a distributed processing environment.
See linear sequence.
See line sequential.
A listing file.
A file containing Assembler macros or an Assembler copybook.
Binary sequence of instructions that are executable on a specific machine. The COBOL compiler produces native Intel machine code. The Assembler compiler produces 390 machine code that can be emulated on an Intel machine.
See also native code.
A programming language facility whereby one instruction can be expanded into a number of instructions. The Assembler language provides this facility. Macros can be named and stored in a library for general use.
The executable file that is invoked from the command line to start an application. Also sometimes known as the root executable file.
The first (or primary) window in Dialog System. Dialog System opens in desktop mode.
A medium to large size computer which is usually operated by the Information Technology department of a company, as opposed to a personal computer (PC) or workstation which is usually operated by users.
A feature included with Mainframe Express Enterprise Edition that allows mainframe data sets to be accessed from a PC.
A Micro Focus product that allows mainframe data sets to be accessed from a PC.
Micro Focus software feature to map Intel Pentium memory addresses onto IBM System 390 addresses for use in COBOL and Assembler applications.
A file in Mainframe Express that corresponds to a data set on the mainframe and is cataloged.
The property of a mainframe data set that can be used within Mainframe Access to assign the data set's file extension when it is downloaded to a PC.
A description of fixed and variable fields in which a transaction program sends or receives data.
The process of associating corresponding elements in two sets of information.
A collection of maps.
The field in the Data Block that stores input from an entry field. An entry field is dependent on its master field.
See also dependency.
To enlarge a window to its maximum size (the full size of the screen).
A button labeled with a bitmap in the top right corner of a window. Pushing this button maximizes the window.
Abbreviation for megabyte, a measure of size of computer storage, equal to 1024 kilobytes. Also abbreviated to Mb.
Multiple Document Interface.
Memory no longer needed, but not deallocated by the OO system. An application should finalize an object when it is no longer required. When an application no longer has a handle to an object which still exists, the object is effectively unreachable, and can no longer be finalized. This is a memory leak.
A list of the command choices available in a window.
A set of pulldown menus providing access to the commands available for the window.
See choice.
A short description of the effect of a menu item, displayed in the status bar of the window whenever the menu item is highlighted.
See choice.
In object-oriented programming, a message invokes a method when sent to an object. The method invoked matches the message sent. The text of the message is known as the method selector. The INVOKE verb enables you to send messages. For example:
INVOKE anOrange "peel" returning segments.
The method selector "peel" invokes the peel method in anOrange. Data is returned from the method in data item segments.
In API programming, a message consists of a symbolic name and associated data parameters. A message is put in an application's message queue to inform it that a certain event has occurred.
In WebSphere MQ applications, a communication sent between programs.
Ensuring that each message is delivered to the right object. Binding can be dynamic or static. In a statically bound object-oriented programming system (OOPS), the receiver of a message is determined at compile-time. In a dynamically bound OOPS, the receiver of a message is determined at run time. This release of OO COBOL supports dynamic binding only.
A special type of dialog box that provides information or notes the state of work in progress, gives a warning, asks a question or highlights an error.
In WebSphere MQ, a mechanism for moving messages from one queue manager to another. A message channel comprises two message channel agents (a sender at one end and a receiver at the other end) and a communication link.
See also MQI channel .
In WebSphere MQ, a program that transmits prepared messages from a transmission queue to a communication link, or from a communication link to a destination queue.
See also message queue interface .
Control information describing the message format and presentation that is carried as part of a WebSphere MQ message. The format of the message descriptor is defined by the MQMD structure.
A feature of IMS that allows application programs to deal with simple logical messages instead of device-dependent data,
In API programming, a loop structure in the main window procedure that retrieves messages from an application's message queue and relays them (posts them) to the appropriate object for further processing.
An IMS program which is scheduled for execution as a result of its associated transaction code being input to the scheduler. A message processing program is defined as either conversational or non-conversational and is required to respond to the message queue.
A first in-first out buffer that stores messages for an object until the object is ready to process them. In API programming, the message queue for an application is set up by the operating system in response to the application's initialization request.
See queue
The programming interface provided by the WebSphere MQ queue managers. This programming interface allows application programs to access message queuing services.
A programming technique in which each program within an application communicates with the other programs by putting messages on queues.
In Micro Focus OO COBOL, enables the creation of class objects. All class objects are instances of the metaclass object. In OO COBOL, the metaclass is Behavior, which is part of the Class Library. All classes inherit the instance methods of Behavior, even root classes, because all classes are instances of Behavior.
See also class object, instance object, root class.
Code manipulating or interrogating the data within an object. In OO COBOL, each method is coded as a nested program within a class.
An incomplete method containing no code, just a heading and an end-marker. A method prototype is always fully implemented elsewhere in an OO COBOL application.
See Mainframe Access.
See Mainframe Access
A Host Compatibility Option utility that remaps SQL error codes from one set of values to another.
A Host Compatibility Option utility that converts character data between ANSI and EBCDIC.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the MVS IDCAMS utility.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the MVS IEFBR14 utility.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the MVS IEBGENER utility.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the MVS DFSRRC00 utility.
The Mainframe Express program that emulates the MVS DFSORT or SORT utilities.
A Mainframe Express utility that converts source files from extended ASCII to ANSI.
A Micro Focus routine used to carry out data compression. It does it through a form of run length encoding. The routine is stored in a module called CBLDCnnn. You can specify up to 127 such routines.
See also compression routine and user-supplied compression routine.
A record format created by Micro Focus for file handling in COBOL programs running on PCs.
Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) is a CPU-independent set of instructions that can be efficiently converted to native code. MSIL includes instructions for loading, storing, initializing, and calling methods on objects, as well as instructions for arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, direct memory access, exception handling, and other operations. Before code can be executed, MSIL must be converted to CPU-specific code, usually by a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. Because the common language runtime supplies one or more JIT compilers for each computer architecture it supports, the same set of MSIL can be JIT-compiled and executed on any supported architecture.
File that contains a specification of how to migrate data between XDB locations or between an XDB location and a DB2 subsystem.
Exists on both the Web/Application server and the mainframe. Middleware interfaces are middleware dependent. As a result, separate middleware interface classes are provided for each middleware option supported by Component Generator.
A Java application that runs on a MIDP-compliant device. Individual MIDlet classes are packaged together to form a MIDlet suite. A MIDlet suite comprises a .jar file (containing the class file for each MIDlet, any shared classes, resource files and a manifest describing the JAR contents) and a .jad file (containing information that enables the application management software on the mobile device to run the MIDlets).
An SQL Option utility that enables you to move data between XDB databases and between an XDB database and a DB2 database.
The process of converting from one product or version of a product to another. Mainframe Express provides migration facilities to assist migration from PROXMVS and MVS Workbench.
To reduce a window to its minimum size (an icon).
A pushbutton labeled with a bitmap, appearing to the left of the maximize button in the top right corner of a window. Pushing this button minimizes the window.
A Micro Focus version of the LDAP, or Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. In Enterprise Server, MLDAP enables program clients to locate services and other objects in the Directory Server repository.
One of the supplied transactions built into CICS Option. The mirror transaction services an inbound function shipping request.
Syncpoint processing at the end of which some recoverable resources may have been committed while others have been rolled back.
An Assembler source code file. An .mlc file can also contain in-line macros, macro statements and copy statements.
See multiple line entry.
A macro Assembler instruction that displays an error status and informative message at compile time.
A file containing non-executable compiled Assembler code; the primary use of the type of file is for data.
The Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) is a set of Java APIs which, together with the Connected Limited Device Configuration provides a complete J2ME application runtime environment targeted at mobile information devices such as mobile phones.
A dialog box that requires the end user to supply information or cancel the dialog box before the application can continue. When a modal dialog box is active, the end user can't set focus to any of the other windows or dialog boxes in the application.
A terminal definition that can be used for autoinstalled terminals.
A dialog box that allows the end user to supply information and return to the previous task without closing the dialog box.
A synchronization primitive that enables critical sections to be accessed by multiple threads for some operations (such as reading data), but to be locked by a single thread for exclusive operations (such as writing data).
A button on a mouse that may be clicked, double-clicked, pressed, released or dragged (held down while the mouse is moved). The mouse buttons may be configured to move, size or select objects.
A change in the state of a mouse, such as a button being pressed or the mouse being moved.
The visual representation of the mouse pointing device. The shape may vary depending on the actions taking place.
A file containing precompiled Assembler macros.
Connects a WebSphere MQ client to a queue manager on a server system, and transfers only MQI calls and responses in a bidirectional manner.
See also message channel .
The old name for WebSphere MQ.
A file containing error messages.
The deletion of more than one record.
A Dialog System control object that enables users to input more than one line of text.
The copying of a record more than once.
The ability to select more than one item (for example, in a list) where the items are not necessarily contiguous.
A CICS region that can run tasks concurrently.
A term used to describe both a facility provided by the operating system which allows an application to create threads of execution within a process, and applications whose architecture takes advantage of the multi-threading provided by the operating system.
An environment where more than one user can be active simultaneously.
The MIME typing system defines the various types of document (for example, text/html or application/zip) that can be transmitted over the Internet. Browsers use it to specify the types of document that they can support and servers use it to specify the type of document it is sending so that the browser knows how to display it.
An architecture which is divided into logical subgroups, or tiers. Typically, the client tier is realized by one or more personal computers (PCs) running Microsoft Windows, the middle tier by server-class computers running operating systems such as Microsoft Windows NT or Sun Solaris, and the mainframe tier by S/390 machines running OS/390. But it is also possible, for example, for an S/390 to host the middle tier.
Microsoft's .NET Framework is a language-independent programming model that simplifies the process of building internet-based applications. Any programs written for the .NET Framework can interact with each other, regardless of the programming language used for each program.
A synchronization primitive that is used to lock critical sections so that the section is used exclusively by the thread that locked it.
IBM's Multiple Virtual Storage operating system for System/390 computers which supports multiple virtual address spaces for each JCL job, TSO user, and VTAM application running concurrently.
A data file used by an application running under IBM's MVS operating system.
A Micro Focus product that preceded Mainframe Express and which also provides facilities to emulate MVS on a PC.
A unique identifier that indicates the names of particular data elements or attributes used within an XML file.
In Visual Studio, namespaces organize the objects defined in an assembly. Assemblies can contain multiple namespaces, which can in turn contain other namespaces. Namespaces prevent ambiguity and simplify references when using large groups of objects such as class libraries.
A set of associations between distinct, atomic people-friendly identifiers and objects.
Maps a given name to the corresponding object reference stored under that name.
A Mainframe Express facility that allows users to use non-US English character sets in both source code and data files.
See traditional.
The code that the microprocessor understands directly without the need for an interpreter. Also known as native machine code. It will only run on machines containing the appropriate microprocessor.
Microsoft's .NET Framework is a language-independent programming model that simplifies the process of building internet-based applications. Any programs written for the .NET Framework can interact with each other, regardless of the programming language used for each program.
The .NET Framework class library is an object-oriented collection of types that are closely integrated with the Common Language Runtime. By inheriting functionality defined in the .NET Framework class library, you can reduce the amount of code you need to write.
A communications protocol that allows applications on different computers to communicate within a local area network.
8-character name of the logical unit in the VTAM network.
Programming interface and template for writing applications that run in Netscape's Web servers.
Programming interface and template for writing applications that run in Netscape's Web servers.
The process of identifying the distribution of components of a system between PCs and servers that gives the best performance.
National Language Support.
Refers to a point, typically an element or attribute, in a schema tree.
An unordered collection of nodes.
A file whose records can be accessed in an order other than the sequence in which they are stored.
See duplicate key.
In WebSphere MQ, a message that does not survive a restart of the queue manager.
See also persistent message .
An NRMP program is similar to a MPP program except it does not issue insert calls to the I/O PCB or message switch to a program which does.
A typical use for an NRMP type program is to perform background tasks for another on-line program. NRMP programs may message switch to other NRMPs but may not message switch to MPPs.
A literal which ends with x"00". You can create this easily in OO COBOL by prefixing any literal with the letter z.
For example:
01 aName pic x(5) z"Fred".
or
move z"I'm a literal" to string
Allow one extra byte for the null character in any data-item which stores a null-terminated string.
An encapsulation of data and methods. The only way to access an object's data is by sending it messages. You can also think of an object as intelligent data, which includes implementations for the operations (methods) appropriate to itself.
There are two types of object: factories (classes in Micro Focus COBOL) and instances. A factory object (class object) is created when you register a class; an instance is created whenever you send an appropriate message to the factory object (class object) which defines that instance. The OO COBOL run-time system allocates each object its own data area in memory. There can be many instance objects of the same type within a run-unit, but there can only be one factory object (class object) of each type.
Code produced by the Assembler or COBOL Compiler in standard format for use with the Linker.
A file containing object code. Object code files have the file extension .obj, and are often referred to as .obj files.
Dialog System dialog attached to an object. The dialog defines the behavior of the screenset in response to external events.
An ID or reference by which you can access a particular object. Every object is assigned a unique handle when it gets created at run time. You always give the object handle when you send a message; the OO RTS uses the handle to find the object which should receive the message. You store object handles in data items of type object reference.
See also: object reference
The object interface is the list of methods implemented by an object, together with descriptions of the parameters passed to and from the object by each method.
See also: public interface
A predefined set of COM interfaces that allows one application to exist within another. Microsoft later changed the meaning of the term to refer to the family of standards including COM, compound documents and others.
A menu containing all the Dialog System objects as choices. Use this menu to create objects.
A service program that implements the CORBA standard for distributed objects and provides services that allow objects on heterogeneous platforms to communicate.
Supports features of object oriented programming not covered by the standard COBOL run-time system (for example, object creation and destruction).
A COBOL data item, declared as object reference which can hold an object handle. You can also pass object references as parameters when you send a message or make a COBOL CALL, in effect enabling you to pass objects between different parts of an application. In ISO 2002 OO COBOL, object references are typed, so a data item can only hold an object reference for a specific factory or instance object. In Micro Focus OO COBOL, object references are untyped, so the same data item can hold an object reference for any class or instance object.
See also: object handle
A collection of icons representing the Dialog System objects. Objects can be created directly from the object toolbar by clicking on the relevant icon, without going through the object menu.
See object code file.
A set of screens of information that you can display while working. Each screen briefly lists and explains the functions available on the menu currently displayed.
A file with extension .hnf that is created by the On-line Help Builder from an on-line help source file.
A database of formatted information that you can display on the screen while working; it is an electronic book, structured in a more advanced way than a printed book.
See operation code.
A sequence of bytes holding a code that specifies a specific machine.
An SQL Option utility that enables you to configure SQL Option for DB2 and its connectivity with XDB and DB2 database servers.
Native code produced by the Compiler. COBOL code is first converted into an intermediate code, and then optimized into native code. There are two basic levels of optimization. The low level produces machine code with a direct correspondence to the lines of source code. The higher level performs additional compression, resulting in faster and smaller code.
With Net Express, intermediate code can be embedded directly in an .obj file, producing much smaller code. This is an unoptimized .obj file.
A type of collection. You can either "add" elements to the end of an OrderedCollection, or "atPut" them to a particular indexed location. As you "add" elements, an OrderedCollection grows in size to accommodate them.
A transaction-based, high-performance client/server protocol that enables clients (OS/390 applications) running outside IMS to submit transactions to IMS or issue IMS commands and receive output from IMS application programs and from IMS itself.
A library containing listings and log files.
The area of the IDE in which Mainframe Express displays the results of the operations it performs on your projects or individual files.
The area of the IDE in which Component Generator displays the results of the operations it performs on your projects or individual files.
An editing mode in which each character that you type replaces the character at the current cursor position.
Set of instructions on the System/390 architecture to perform add, subtract, multiply, and divide on data fields which can vary from 1 to 16 bytes long and contain 2 decimal digits per byte with the low order 4 bits containing the sign code. There are also instructions to convert between packed decimal and binary or EBCDIC zoned decimal codes.
A character used to fill unused bytes in records.
To specify an on-screen form by creating it on the screen just as it will look, usually with placeholders for the data. In a typical screen painter you can use all the usual methods, such as typing, drag-and-drop, and drawing, to place text, fields, and details such as lines, curves, filled shapes and bitmaps on the form.
Usually you specify the form's supporting program by associating actions with on-screen events and selecting options on dialog boxes. In some systems, the resulting application is then generated as executable code for execution by a run-time system. In others it is generated as source code.
A run unit that has created another run unit or a window that has opened another window.
A segment in an hierarchical database on which another segment is dependent.
The data set organization for partitioned data sets.
An MVS data set organization in which a single MVS data set contains multiple members each of which can be accessed as a sequential data set by specifying the member name in parentheses following the partitioned data set name. On the PC, a folder containing multiple separate files is used to emulate the partitioned data set organization.
A data set that belongs to a partitioned data set.
A variant of Partitioned in which the file contains absolute disk cylinder and track addresses that will be invalidated if the file is moved to another device or to a different location on the same device. Some applications store physical addresses rather than relative addresses in the partitioned directory entry to speed up data access. Documentary only on Mainframe Express.
An editing operation to insert text from the clipboard at the destination cursor. (Prior to pasting, text may be cut or copied from another location.)
See also cut.
A command used on Windows to specify a set of directories that should be searched when a program is invoked. The term PATH is used to refer to this list. A file is said to be "on the PATH" if it is in one of the directories named in this command. To see the PATH list currently set in your system, enter PATH on a command line.
The name of a folder, preceded by the name of the folder containing it, and the folder containing that, and so on up to the root. For example, if demo is within projects, which is within program files, its path is \program files\projects\demo. If necessary, the drive letter can be included, for example c:\program files\projects\demo.
The part of a filename up to and including the last "\" character. It can start with a device specification followed by a colon (:).
A file for creating punched cards output by the Assembler Compiler and generated from PUNCH statements in the source.
A file in Mainframe Express that only exists on the PC, and has no mainframe equivalent.
See partitioned data set.
The lines of code encompassed by a single PERFORM statement.
In WebSphere MQ, a message that survives a restart of the queue manager.
See also nonpersistent message .
In Message Format Service, the displaying of data from a logical page in several physical pages on the device
An MVS data set organization in which records can only be accessed in the order in which they are physically stored.
A variant of Physical Sequential in which the file contains absolute disk cylinder and track addresses that will be invalidated if the file is moved to another device or to a different location on the same device. Some applications store physical addresses rather than relative addresses in the partitioned directory entry to speed up data access. Documentary only on Mainframe Express.
The data type and length of a COBOL data item, as declared in the source program.
See Partitioned.
A file created by Revolve that holds points of interest.
The method invoked by a particular message depends on the object which receives it. For example, you could implement several different classes of bank account object (checking, savings, high rate). All bank account objects would respond to the message "printStatement". However, each different type of account would implement "printStatement" differently, in a way appropriate to itself, for example, savings accounts show interest paid, but checking accounts don't. Polymorphism enables you to send the same message ("printStatement") to any type of account object and get appropriate results.
A file created by Revolve that holds a definition of a project for export to Mainframe Express.
A menu that gives no indication of its presence but pops up when you perform a particular action, such as right-clicking the mouse.
A window that gives no indication of its presence but pops up when you perform a particular action.
Warnings displayed by Dialog System whenever you try to create an object on one platform that is not valid on another platform.
An area that is optionally displayed at the left-hand side of a source file window to show which lines have marks against them and to facilitate the selection of whole lines.
4K page of memory mapped to virtual location 0 for each processor in a System/390 complex.
To view a print file on the screen.
In a VSAM key sequence file, the index of primary keys that is used to provide direct access to the records.
In a VSAM key sequence file, the data within each record (for example, a personnel number) that is used as the primary identification of the record. Several secondary keys, known as alternate keys, can also be defined. Each has its own alternate index.
A window that is directly on the desktop, that is, not the child of any other window.
See also secondary window.
An attribute of a user or group of users of SQL Option for DB2 that controls how much processing resource is available to the user.
An optional listing file output by the Assembler Compiler.
A file that contains information that enables you to migrate from Micro Focus Micro Focus Workbench products to Mainframe Express.
In MVS, a partitioned data set that contains JCL cataloged procedures.
When CICS is started, the Processing Program Table (PPT) is initialized with the address of the load module for every map, table and program used by CICS.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) whose entries describe certain properties of transaction programs.
A class of problem in multi-threaded applications where a thread that produces data, and another thread that consumes that data, need to be synchronized so that when the consuming thread is active it always has data to operate on.
A collection of libraries that hold all the files that constitute the current live or production version of an application.
A client of the Directory Server that connects to it using its underlying MLDAP application programming interface, for example, to search for a specific service before sending a request.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) whose entries describe general properties of transaction programs.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe general properties of transaction programs.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe lists of programs that are to be run either at system startup or shutdown.
A control block that describes IMS databases used by an application program. The PSB is needed by the Data Access Wizard when creating a data access object that accesses an IMS database.
The process by which a PSB is created.
On IBM System/390 mainframes, word containing the current instruction address, addressing mode, condition code setting, program interruption mask, and program interruption codes if any.
A switch that can be used to switch on or off a corresponding COBOL switch defined in the SPECIAL NAMES paragraph of the program.
See also switch.
A control consisting of a rectangle which can be filled with colored blocks to indicate a proportional measurement. A progress bar is typically used to indicate the progress of a process that takes an appreciable amount of time, such as the proportion of a number of files that have been copied.
A subfolder, with the same name as the Component Generator project, that is created in the project deployment location and used to store the project's deployable files.
The folder that contains Component Generator deployment files in a series of subfolders. You specify the project deployment location when you create a project.
See also user deployment location .
See project
The Component Generator project file is stored in the Project Location. The project file, which has an .mpr filename extension, contains links to, and details of, all the files in your application. All operations on the project file must be carried out using the Component Generator IDE.
The folder that contains the Component Generator repository. The project folder is given the same name as the Component Generator project and is created as a subfolder in the project location specified at project creation.
The folder that contains the Component Generator project file (.mpr) and the Component Generator project folder. You specify the project location when you create a project.
Settings that specify the characteristics of the project.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that shows all the files in your project.
An SQL query that you build by selecting the data you want, in terms of tables, columns, conditions and sort criteria, from the choices presented to you.
An attribute of an object. In the Component Object Model (COM), which is the basis for COM component, properties are exposed as part of the interface to an ActiveX object, so that clients can get or put the value of a property.
A collection of attributes of an individual file or a type of file.
The mode of the 386, 486, and Pentium processors which provides a large (not limited to 1Mb) address space for programs to run in, and a protection mechanism which allows an operating system to protect itself and applications from each other. This mode is used by Windows 95 and Windows NT.
An error condition detected by Windows 95 or Windows NT indicating that an application has tried to access memory or devices that have not been allocated to it by the operating system.
A Micro Focus product that preceded MVS Workbench and Mainframe Express and which also emulates MVS functions on a PC.
An object in one process or domain, which acts to forward messages to an object that is running in a different process or domain. Objects can send messages to the proxy, without needing to be aware that the actual object they are sending messages to is located elsewhere.
For example, the COM component support in OO COBOL enables you to access ActiveX objects, which could be running in a separate process, or even on a separate machine, as though they were OO COBOL objects. When an OO COBOL program requests an ActiveX object, the OO COBOL run-time system passes back a handle to a proxy object in an object reference. When you send a message to a proxy object, it is forwarded transparently to the ActiveX object. The data types for parameters and results sent between OO COBOL programs and ActiveX objects are also mapped automatically.
A Web server which sits between an intranet and the Internet. Requests for Web pages are sent via the proxy server, which then routes them appropriately. Proxy servers are used for a number of reasons, for example, to improve performance of the internal network, or to block access to certain sites.
See Physical Sequential.
An application's view of the IMS Option resources it uses. This is defined by performing a PSBGEN.
See program status word.
A subset of an object interface, listing only the methods which should be used from outside the object. The public interface does not list any of the object's private or protected methods, which are only intended for use from inside the object or from its subclasses.
See also object interface
An encryption scheme whereby the sender and the recipient each own a unique pair of keys - the private key and the public key. The keys work as a pair. The public key, which is made generally available, is used to encrypt a message. The message can only be decrypted using the private key - which is only available to its owner.
The process of copying to and rebuilding on a UNIX system an application developed on Net Express. The UNIX Option enables you to publish applications on UNIX systems.
The tool, provided by the UNIX Option, that enables you to publish applications.
A menu that appears when you select a choice on a menu bar.
A rectangular button, labeled with text or with an icon, that represents an action. The action starts when you select the button. When selected, the button appears to be pushed in on the screen.
See also button.
The tool which is used to perform the build stage of the generation process.
PVCS Version Manager is one member of a family of MERANT products designed to provide software developers with a comprehensive Distributed Configuration Management (DCM) system. The core product, PVCS Version Manager, serves as a powerful Version Control System.
An QBMP (Queue-driven batch message processor) is a hybrid of an MPP and a BMP. It can issue retrieval calls to an I/O PCB but is scheduled through JCL. IMS Option treats QBMPs in a similar way to MPPs except that a QBMP cannot send a response to the I/O PCB and it cannot have a SPA defined. A QBMP is another way of performing background application tasks.
A sequence of SQL statements that retrieves a coherent set of data based on specified conditions from a database.
A view of a prompted query that shows a sample of the result set as you make selections.
A WebSphere MQ object. Message queuing applications can put messages on, and get messages from, a queue. A queue is owned and maintained by a queue manager. Local queues can contain a list of messages waiting to be processed. Queues of other types cannot contain messages: they point to other queues, or can be used as models for dynamic queues (queues created on-the-fly).
(1) A system program that provides queuing services to applications. It provides an application programming interface so that programs can access messages on the queues that the queue manager owns. See also local queue manager and remote queue manager.
(2) A WebSphere MQ object that defines the attributes of a particular queue manager.
See also:
An access method for sequential processing of fixed and variable length records on sequential access storage devices. The records in a QSAM data set or file are organized in the physical sequence in which they are written to the data set or file.
See message queuing
A circular button labeled with text alongside it. When the radio button is selected, all other radio buttons in the same group box are deselected. The circle is partially filled in when selected. Radio buttons are used for a set of mutually exclusive choices.
A Data File Editor setting that prevents any changes to files from being applied.
In TSO, the command line at which TSO CLISTs, REXX execs, or individual commands are executed.
The process of adding a data set that has been previously removed (uncataloged) back into the MVS catalog. In Mainframe Express, the Catalog field in the catalog entry is changed to Yes.
The format of the records in a data set: for example, fixed length.
A representation of the structure of a record in a data file.
A Mainframe Express and Net Express data tool that enables you to define record layouts for your data file, thus enabling you to edit individual fields.
A technique for ensuring that only one user has update access to a database record at any one time.
A view in the Data File Editor that shows whole records, one per line.
A resource, for example, a database, that supports dynamic rollback.
A solid rectangular block that can be used as a background for other controls on a dialog box.
Recursion occurs when a piece of code is executed before a previous execution of the same code has terminated; for example, when a program calls itself. Code that is capable of being executed in this way is called re-entrant; its instructions must be invariable, and it must define its variables in local storage so that data from one instance of the code does not interfere with data from another instantiation. Recursion is common when using shared library routines, such as in object-oriented programming, API programming, and when packaging code in dynamic link libraries.
Code that is capable of being shared between two instances of a program because its instructions are invariant and its variables are stored in such a way as to prevent data from one instance being confused with data from another.
A region provides CICS Option with its own shared memory space, resource definition file, configuration file, and resource groups.
You can have multiple regions running concurrently on the same system. Each region is entirely independent of any other region, although regions can communicate with each other as though they were remote CICS regions on a network.
See base register.
A file format in which records can be accessed either sequentially or by record number.
A VSAM record format in which records can be accessed either sequentially or by record number.
To let go of a mouse button that has been pressed and held down. Important in a drag and drop operation since it is the release that determines where the dragged item is dropped.
A facility that enables users on remote systems to connect to the local CICS region. The connection uses a CCI gateway.
An ECI requester process running on a remote system. The remote ECI requester provides the facilities of the External Call Interface to applications on the remote system, allowing them to make use of CICS Option services on the local CICS region.
The remote ECI requester communicates with the local system through a CCI gateway.
A Micro Focus product that allows you to test or execute your application on a workstation while accessing databases on the mainframe.
A set of standards and mechanisms whereby a client on one computer can call a component on another. Most RPC mechanisms are features of the particular language and deployment method used. Web Services is in effect an RPC mechanism that is independent of language and deployment method.
In WebSphere MQ, a queue belonging to a remote queue manager. Programs can put messages on remote queues, but they cannot get messages from remote queues.
See also:
To a program, a WebSphere MQ queue manager that is not the one to which the program is connected.
Making visible on the desktop. All graphical objects provide some way of defining their appearance. When you are using objects from the GUI class library, rendering is usually transparent to the programmer.
A mainframe file containing records to be printed.
In ISO 2002 OO COBOL, lists all the classes the program is going to use. The Repository paragraph is part of the Configuration Section, in the Environment Division. Each entry links a class name to the filename of the class executable file. The class-names are the object references which the program uses for sending messages to the factory at run time.
The equivalent in Micro Focus OO COBOL is the Class-Control paragraph.
If the program itself is an OO COBOL class, the Repository paragraph also lists its superclass, and the class itself.
See also: class, factory, object reference, Class-Control paragraph, and superclass.
A message, such as a SOAP message, that requests a service from a server or object.
A program that converts client requests into a call to a COBOL program providing a service and reconverts the response from the program into a form that the client can understand.
A characteristic of a program that indicates whether it resides in memory below or above the line.
See sizable border.
A group of fields in a CICS user's SNT entry that specify the type of access the user has to the definitions of particular types of resource.
A system-level software driver that is used by an EJB container or an application client to connect to an enterprise information system. A resource adapter is typically specific to an enterprise information system. It is available as a library and is used within the address space of the server or the client using it. A resource adapter plugs in to a container. The application components deployed on the container then use the client API (exposed by adapter) or tool generated high-level abstractions to access the underlying enterprise information system. The resource adapter and EJB container collaborate to provide the underlying mechansims - transactions, security, and connection pooling - for connectivity to the enterprise information system.
Holds a set of resource definition tables (RDTs).
A mainframe file that holds a set of CICS Resource Definition Tables (RDTs).
A set of features that restrict CICS users' access to resource definitions. These features are group prefixes and resource access flags that are specified in a user's SNT entry.
On the mainframe, a component of the CICS Resource Definition File (RDF). Each resource definition table contains entries that describe a particular type of resource.
A component of the resource definition file (RDF). Each resource definition table contains entries that describe a particular type of resource.
An arbitrary integer value used to identify a particular resource within a program. The program usually refers to a control by its symbolic name which is associated with a resource identifier in a 78-level item in a copyfile. The copyfile is produced automatically by the Resource Manager.
A number between 1 and 24 associated with a resource. Each CICS Option user owns a set of resource keys. A resource can be accessed only by users who own the resource's resource key.
A plain text file with extension .rc that defines the resources used in an application. If the resource is inherently binary; for example, a bitmap, the resource script contains a reference to the file containing the resource definition. The resource script file is automatically compiled by the Resource Manager to the binary .res file needed for linking when a project is rebuilt.
To return an icon or a maximized window to its normal size.
The code that is passed as an output parameter when a program ends. It can indicate whether the program completed normally or, if not, the type of error.
A Micro Focus product that provides facilities for analyzing applications.
Revolve is a Micro Focus tool that you can use to provide detailed analysis of your legacy applications. It reduces the cost and complexity of tasks ranging from everyday bug fixes to large-scale system refurbishment, by providing programmers with powerful inventory and analysis features and comprehensive exploration tools.
Revolve analyses your legacy application to discover its structure, the files it uses, how and where data items are used, and many other details, and stores this analysis in a database, which you can interrogate through many different tools to produce diagrams, reports, and so on, to help you understand the application.
Revolve runs on Windows 95 and its successors, and on Windows NT.
Contains the parsed representation of all the source files loaded into Revolve. It is contained in a file with the extension .prj.
A high-level programming language that can be used to write procedures, known as REXX execs, that can be run from the TSO ready prompt.
An executable procedure, written in the REXX language, that can be run from the TSO ready prompt. The procedure can contain TSO commands and thus can be used in place of a CLIST.
A piece of software that performs some self-contained function and is written such that, when deployed under a suitable environment, it is automatically loaded and executed in response to requests from client applications. Also called a component.
To press the right mouse button.
The process of returning a recoverable resource to a known previous state. This involves undoing all changes made to the resource during the current logical unit of work.
The main directory on a disk or system, that is, the directory to which all other directories are subordinate.
A class which is not descended from any other class. The CLASS-ID header for such a class has no INHERITS phrase.
The highest segment in a hierarchical database.
See relative record.
See run-time system.
A sizable box for enclosing a group of objects or a portion of text prior to applying a particular function to all of them, for example, when selecting a block of text to be cut.
Software that runs in a service execution process and maps the input and output data of an exposed interface to the Linkage Section data of a COBOL application.
The Dialog System software that runs the application, using the screenset created with the definition software.
Separate files containing routines to support advanced features of the COBOL language. Examples are: the module that handles indexed and external files, Extfh; and the extended ACCEPT/DISPLAY handler, Adis.
A switch that is acted on by the run-time system.
See also switch
The support modules needed by a COBOL program to enable it to run. It provides an interface between the program and the operating system.
Control the behavior of certain aspects of the COBOL run-time system.
A run unit is a main program, as invoked from the command line, plus any subprograms that it calls, directly or through other subprograms called by it. A run unit is an independent entity that can be executed without communicating with any other run unit.
IBM mainframe architecture superseded by S/390.
The programs supplied with the COBOL system as examples to demonstrate use of the system. Some are referred to by tutorials in the help.
Sizing, maintaining height and width ratio between objects.
An SQL operation that produces a single value from another value and is expressed as a function name followed by a list of arguments enclosed in parentheses.
See Source Code Control.
In XML, a conceptual framework that describes the underlying structure of a collection of elements.
A work area used in conversational processing to retain information from an application program across executions of the program.
IBM software that enables the definition of screens for non-programmable terminals.
A collection of window objects, data definitions and dialog that make up a user interface. Dialog System run-time software uses the screenset to provide the graphical user interface to an application program.
The Dialog System test utility that enables you to prototype your interface without writing the COBOL for it.
Software that enables you to create forms by painting them on the screen.
A graphical device used to change your view of the contents of a window. A scroll bar contains a scroll area, a slider and scroll arrows. The position of the slider in the scroll bar indicates approximately the position in the file containing the data. The window contents can be moved by clicking on an arrow to move one line at a time in the indicated direction, or clicking above or below the slider (on a vertical scroll bar) or to the left or right of the slider (on a horizontal scroll bar) to move a window of data (a page) in the indicated direction, or dragging the slider in the required direction to move to the required position in the data.
IBM's synchronous data link control protocol designed for 3270.
A facility in Mainframe Express and Net Express enabling you to replace multiple occurrences of a search string by a new string.
See PATH.
A sequence of characters that is specified as the object of a search and replace operation.
An index that provides access to a physical or logical database using a different path than the primary index.
A window that is not directly on the desktop, that is, that is the child of another window.
See also primary window.
A Dialog System window object that is a child of a primary window. When the screenset runs, the secondary window usually appears as a result of a user action. By convention, the presence of a secondary window or dialog box is indicated on a menu by an ellipsis (...) following a choice. Clipped secondary windows display only that part of the window visible inside the borders of the primary window.
A Dialog System window object that is a child of a primary window. When the screenset runs, the secondary window usually appears as a result of a user action. By convention, the presence of a secondary window or dialog box is indicated on a menu by an ellipsis (...) following a choice. Non-clipped secondary windows display the whole window and it may overlap the primary window.
A Web protocol developed by Netscape and built into its browser. It encrypts and decrypts user page requests as well as the pages that are returned by the Web server.
See also Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
Netscape Communications Corporation's implementation of a protocol that supports public key encryption.
Netscape Communications Corporation's implementation of a protocol that supports public key encryption.
A number between 1 and 24 associated with a transaction.. Each CICS Option user owns a set of security keys. A transaction can be initiated only by a user who owns the transaction's security key.
The smallest amount of data than can be transferred from or to a database or Transaction Manager device by one IMS operation.
A dotted-outline box that moves as you indicate your choice. It identifies the object that you can select.
A text box combining an entry field and a simple list box.
In ISO 2002 OO COBOL, a reserved variable which contains the object handle of the object in which it occurs. Used to enable objects to send messages to themselves.
If you send a message to SELF from object A, object A is the receiver of the message; if you send a message to self from object C, object C is the receiver of the message. SELF always refers to the object currently executing, even if the method is one which is being inherited.
For example, imagine two objects, A' and B', instances of classes A and B where B inherits from A. A implements instance method, "calculateValue". The "calculateValue" method sends the message "getObjectConstant" to self. If B' gets sent the "calculateValue" message, the method is inherited from class A. When "calculateValue" sends a message "getObjectConstant", the message actually gets sent to B'. If A' were to be sent the "calculateValue" message, then the send to SELF would send the message to A'.
You can use SELF exactly like any data item of type object reference, so you can also pass it as a parameter to other methods.
See also inheritance, message, object reference, SELFCLASS, SUPER
In Micro Focus OO COBOL, a reserved variable which contains an object handle for the class object for this current object. Enables an instance to send a message to the class object which created it.
You can use SELFCLASS exactly like any data item of type Object Reference, so you can also pass it as a parameter to other methods.
See also inheritance, message, object reference, SELF, SUPER
A synchronization primitive that is used to lock critical sections so that the section is used exclusively by the thread that locked it.
A file format in which the records can only be accessed in the order in which they are physically stored.
Code that does not need to be reloaded each time it is called.
A shared facility (such as a PC or software product) that provides services to other user facilities, known as clients.
Part of the Directory Server software that monitors whether or not enterprise servers are responding to client requests.
The directory, on a Web server platform, below which the server and all its supporting software is held.
Programs that run in a Web server (as opposed to executing in a Web browser).
A simple, ready-made script that can be included in an HTML page in order to perform a particular function such as printing the current date and time.
A simple, ready-made script that can be included in an HTML page in order to perform a particular function such as printing the current date and time.
The part of an application which runs on a server machine. For Internet applications, this is the program which runs on a Web server and processes end user input from a form. The terms CGI and CGI program are often used synonymously with the term server-side program. Although CGI is only one of several APIs for creating server-side programs for Web servers, it is the most widely used.
The part of an application which runs on a server machine. For Internet applications, this is the program which runs on a Web server and processes end-user input from a form. The terms CGI and CGI program are often used synonymously with the term server-side program. Although CGI is only one of several APIs for creating server-side programs for Web servers, it is the most widely used.
A script that is executed on the server platform when its URL is sent to the Web server by a browser.
A script that is executed on the server platform when its URL is sent to the Web server by a browser.
Access to specific business functionality, usually through an Internet connection.
A component of Web Services that lists various services and arranges transactions, which helps service providers and service requesters find each other.
A property of a service that could be common to several services providing the same or similar functionality, enabling clients to search for a class of service rather than a specific service.
One of a pool of processes belonging to an enterprise server, in which the COBOL application process providing a service is executed in response to a client request.
A communications gateway that monitors client requests arriving at a specific IP address.
A component of Web Services that deploys Web Services for service requesters to use.
A component of Web Services using an application programming interface (API) to discover Web Services, which asks the service broker about the services it needs.
See Java Servlet
A list of all the Web browser client and program clients of the Directory Server.
The installation program supplied with this COBOL system.
A database that can more one user can access for read-only operations.
Applications linked to use the shared run-time system do not have the run-time support code contained in the executable files. Instead, code is included to call the run-time modules contained in the shared run-time system.
See also static linked run-time system.
The process of transferring a local terminal definition to a remote system when performing transaction routing to that system. The local system appears as a remote terminal to the remote system, which therefore requires a definition of the terminal.
A keystroke (such as Ctrl+F4) which you can use to perform a specified function.
File containing pointers to definitions of bitmaps, icons, mouse pointers or fonts.
The way components communicate. When a component sends a signal, it is received by all components connected to the sender. The receiving component only acts on the signal if it has an input socket and method defined for that signal. A component which sends a signal event when there are no components connected does not cause a run-time error.
Contrast with a message, which is sent to a single specific object. if the object does not understand the message it raises a run-time exception.
See also component, message, input socket.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) whose entries describe CICS Option users.
SAX is an interface to an XML parser, rather than an API to one of the data structures that could be built using a parser. The strength of SAX is that you can choose whichever data structure suits you best. SAX enables an application to call a parser and manipulate the data that is returned. The user application must provide a DocumentHandler, which will be called with parser events. The handler builds a data structure (perhaps a DOM tree) using those events.
An event-driven, serial-access mechanism for accessing XML documents.
A text box that contains a list of objects or settings from which you make selections.
See also selection list box.
A standard format in XML for sending data between a client and a Web service. The service's WSDL file specifies the format of the SOAP messages it expects and will return.
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) is the communications protocol for Web services. SOAP is a specification that defines the XML format for messages from one machine to another.
See click.
A CICS region that can only run tasks sequentially.
Special characters used as delimiters in a mixed single- and double-byte character stream marking the transition into and out of double-byte characters. SISO means Shift In Shift Out.
The border surrounding a window that can be used to change the height or width of a window.
Small black boxes that appear round an object to indicate that it is selected. You can drag the boxes to change the size of the object. Dimmed size handles indicate that the object is selected but cannot be resized.
The part of the scroll bar that shows the position of the contents of the current window in the file. Moving the slider changes the content of the current window.
IBM System Network Architecture which includes support for SDLC, 3270, TCP/IP, and HTTP protocols.
See input socket.
The COBOL code that makes up the program. This can consist of one or more text files.
A standard defined by Microsoft enabling the functions of a source code control system to be called from other software. Its full title is the Microsoft Common Source Code Control (SCC) Interface. A source code control system that complies with it is said to be SCC-compliant.
The basic role of any source code control system is to control and record changes to source code. This generally involves documenting the history of changes made to each source code file (who made each change, what the change involved, and when the change was made), thus enabling developers to revert easily to a prior revision of a module when the need arises. Attaching version labels to designated revisions of source code identifies the appropriate revision of each module needed to build a particular version of the software system.
A source unit excluding any nested source units.
A library that holds the source files for the project.
A set of COBOL statements that consists of an Identification Division followed optionally by an Environment Division and/or a Data Division and/or a Procedure Division.
A Micro Focus facility that enables Mainframe Express software, such as the compiler, to access data sets on the mainframe.
A mainframe record format which allows a data item to be stored across several records. It is not supported in a PC environment, but is accepted as a valid format definition by Mainframe Express.
A key for which no index entry is stored for a given key value. For example, if the key is defined as sparse when it contains all spaces, index entries for the key are not included when the key part of the record contains only space characters.
An operation code identified by the hexadecimal code x"00" in the most significant byte, followed by two characters which specify the exact operation.
See operation code.
A storage area in a relational database that is defined for an application process by the database manager and is used to store information that can be referenced in SQL statements. Some examples are CURRENT DATE and CURRENT TIMESTAMP.
An object used to display a sequence of mutually exclusive choices. You change the value by spinning through the range of choices.
A file that is produced by the job entry system for each job. It records the progress of the job steps within the job and the disposition of the data sets used by the job steps.
Another name for the job entry system.
See system queue area.
An code returned after the execution of every SQL statement that indicates whether the execution was successful or not.
An option in Mainframe Express that enables you to compile, debug and run programs that contain Embedded SQL statements from the PC, by providing a local XDB database that emulates a mainframe DB2 database.
See package.
An SQL Option utility that provides a graphical user interface for creating, maintaining and querying XDB and DB2 databases.
A library used for temporary storage of files being promoted from the work-in-progress level to the production level.
An executable file that can be shipped and run without any additional files, such subprograms or run-time support modules. It is a statically linked executable that uses the static-linked run-time system; therefore all the subprograms and run-time support modules are actually contained within the executable file.
SGML is a meta language, a language for describing other markup languages. It is an International Standard (ISO 8879:1986) that describes a generalized markup scheme for representing the logical structure of documents in a system- and platform-independent manner.
An ISO/ANSI/ECMA standard that specifies a way to annotate text documents with information about types of sections of a document.
An operation code identified by the hexadecimal code x"FA" in the most significant byte, followed by two characters which specify the exact operation.
See operation code.
A list of resource groups to be installed when a region is started. You specify the contents of a startup list in the startup table.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) whose entries describe the contents of the startup lists used to install resource groups when a region is started.
Linking a subprogram so that it is loaded into memory at the same time as the program that calls it. Usually, this means that all programs needed by the application are included in one executable file.
See also dynamic linking
The run-time system that, when used for creating applications, produces executable files containing all the run-time support they need without the need for other files.
See also shared run-time system.
A control consisting of a number of recessed static text fields that are used to display status information, such as whether the Caps Lock key is pressed, or the current position of the cursor in a file. The status bar is usually displayed along the bottom of a window or dialog box.
A block of code that is stored in an SQL database and can be called by applications. In some systems the code is written in an extended SQL dialect, in others it is written in a standard programming language and contains Embedded SQL. Stored procedures are used for one or more of the following reasons: to improve performance; to provide greater security; or to improve manageability.
A file containing record layouts.
The length of a single element in a table or array.
A strong name consists of the assembly's identity - its simple text name, version number, and culture information (if provided) - plus a public key and a digital signature. It is generated from an assembly file using the corresponding private key. Referencing a strong named assembly give you certain benefits, such as versioning and naming protection. Therefore, once you give an assembly a strong name, all assemblies that reference that assembly also have to have a strong name, so that the level of security implied by a strong named assembly is not compromised by less secure assemblies. You can sign an assembly with a strong name only at the time you create it.
A language used to manage data held in a relational database.
A language used to manage data held in a relational database.
An Assembler macro which simply returns control to the calling program.
A class descended from another one, inheriting its methods and data. In the Micro Focus Class Library all class are ultimately subclasses of Base.
A subdivision of a folder.
A logical grouping of memory allocations that can be de-allocated with a single Assembler macro.
A text literal which is replaced by the contents of a data item at run time. For example, EHTML uses substitution markers in the format :dataname to insert data into HTML pages output by COBOL programs.
In ISO 2002 OO COBOL, a reserved word which behaves like an object reference when used in an INVOKE statement. Like SELF, it enables an object to send a message to itself, but the search for a matching method starts in the code of the method's superclass.
If used from an instance, the OO RTS searches for a method beginning with the instance code of the superclass, and works its way up through the instance methods of all the superclasses until it finds a method matching the message. If used from a class method, the OO RTS searches for a class method beginning with the class object code of the superclass and works its way up through the class methods of all the superclasses until it finds a method matching the message.
Unlike SELF, and SELFCLASS, SUPER is not a data item containing an object handle; you can't pass SUPER as a parameter to a method.
See also inheritance, message, object reference, SELF, SELFCLASS
The parent of a class. Every class has a single superclass immediately above it in the inheritance hierarchy, with the exception of those at the top of the hierarchy. In the supplied Class Library there is only one root class, Base, from which all other classes are descended.
A user of SQL Option who has the authority to change user, group and priority settings that affect all databases on an XDB Server.
In System/390 consists of 2 byte instruction with opcode x'0A' followed by a one byte SVC number indicating what MVS function is being requested with parameters passed in the general purpose registers. The SVC instruction stores the current PSW at the old SVC PSW location in the PSA and loads a new PSW from the new SVC PSW location in the PSA. Common SVC functions include SVC 19 for open file, SVC 20 for close file, and SVC 13 for abend.
A parameter you can pass to the run-time system to control the behavior of your program at run time. There are two types of switch: run-time and programmable.
Symbol files are used in the generation process. They contain information about the project or component being generated.
An identifier that you can use in your code as a label to enable the development system to identify a specific data item, graphical object, or entry point. Symbolic names are cross-referenced to numbers; it is the number that is actually used by the development system. The name exists solely for the programmer's convenience. Symbolic names are sometimes referred to as symbols.
Methods by which the threads in a multi-threaded application can be synchronized. You can synchronize threads using a mutex, monitor, semaphore or event.
An object which enables you to store objects against symbols. Used for sending data with signals, as a SymbolTable enables the sender of a signal to package up several different data items into one object, which can then be unpackaged by the receivers of the signal. For example, the sender of an "open-file" signal could include the name of the file, and the filepath in a SymbolTable, against symbols z"filename" and z"filepath". Symbols are null-terminated strings, up to 32 characters long.
A logical point in the execution of a transaction at which changes made to resources can be committed. The end of a logical unit of work is a sync point. If the transaction or CICS Option or IMS Option itself crashes, rollback needs to be performed only for changes made since the last syncpoint.
A DD name that by convention is used for an input data set for a job step.
A DD name that by convention is used for an output data set for a job step.
A DD name that by convention is used for the printer output data set for a job step.
In Mainframe Express, the primary catalog for defining the mainframe data sets used by a project. A project can also use up to 32 user catalogs.
Executable code in an industry standard native code format. It is used for the main or trigger program of an application. You create it by linking an .obj file. System executable code is stored in a system executable file.
A file containing system executable code. You create it by linking an .obj file. A system executable file has the extension .exe, and is often referred to as an .exe file.
Four-character alphanumeric identifier for a CICS region. Every active region must have a unique system id. Terminals and requesters (3270 terminal emulators and ECI Requesters) use the system id to connect to a particular region. It is also used for specifying the location of remote resources.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) whose entries describe regions.
A data set maintained by the job entry system that records the jobs that have been run. In Mainframe Express, you can browse and reset the system log from the Spool view.
The operating system menu, which appears on a primary window when you push the system menu button in the top left corner of the Title bar. Typically contains choices for restoring, moving, sizing, minimizing, maximizing and closing the window.
A button labeled with a bitmap, appearing at the top left corner of the window. Pushing the button drops down the system menu.
IBM's network architecture. SNA describes the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational sequences for transmitting information units through, and controlling the configuration and operation of, networks.
A memory pool used by Assembler Option.
An aspect of SQL Option that controls access to XDB and DB2 databases.
A database table that holds data used by the database management system to define data objects and users' access to them.
IBM mainframe computer hardware architecture.
A control that looks like a tabbed index card and is used to select a dialog box or set of controls from a group of related dialog boxes or sets of controls. Tab controls are typically used on property sheets.
A Dialog System object that can be added to a tab control object. Provides an extra section (page) in the tab control.
A position marker in a source file viewed with the COBOL Development Environment.
Or
A control word embedded in on-line help source files. It defines how the file and topics are created. Some of the tags are used to define structures in the text so that the text can be reformatted dynamically in the display window.
The TaD file contains details of the item(s) that are to be created/updated by the generation process. It serves as input to the Build Process Controller (BPC).
A table built at job step initialization time containing all references to allocated data sets and their associated DDNAMEs.
A data set, such as a work file, that exists only during the execution of a job step.
A data set created by a CICS transaction to hold temporary data. Transactions can access temporary storage queue records in any order by specifying their position in the queue.
The contents of TS records can be updated.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) whose entries describe temporary storage queues.
A description of the capabilities of a particular CICS Option terminal.
An area of storage used by a terminal to communicate with transactions and with CICS Option.
A CICS resource definition table (RDT) that holds terminal definitions.
A text string that appears on a dialog box. Because the user cannot do anything with the control, it is also known as a static text control.
A file containing ASCII text created by any standard editor. Such text files can contain, for example, COBOL source code or Compiler directives. COBOL programs can read or write such files by specifying ORGANIZATION LINE SEQUENTIAL.
In a non-multi-threading environment, a main COBOL program and all the programs or subprograms called by it, directly or indirectly.
In a multi-threading environment, a strand of execution within a process. If many threads can execute simultaneously within a process, then the program is said to be multi-threading.
Used to identify a thread to the run-time system. The thread handle is a unique value that can also be used to identify a thread to certain multi-threading library routines.
Code that is used to convert calls to one interface into calls to another.
Converting calls to one interface into calls to another by means of thunk code.
See also thunk.
Option of MVS that supports multiple user online commands including LOGON, ALLOC file, CALL (program, CLIST, or REXX exec), FREE file, LOGOFF, etc.
The bar across the top of a window that contains the title of the window, the system menu icon and minimize, maximize and restore buttons (if appropriate).
A means of changing the state of a checkmark option. Clicking on the option toggles between the two states of the option and turns the checkmark on and off appropriately.
A set of pushbuttons labeled with icons representing application commands.
A text label displayed next to a toolbar button whenever the mouse cursor is over the button. Toolbar buttons are always mapped to menu items, so if a menu hint is defined for the associated menu item, this is also displayed in the status bar.
Section of an on-line help file. A topic is the single entity which is displayed in a window. All of the topic can be seen by scrolling or paging. A subject can contain several topics using hotspots to cross-reference each other.
Every topic has at least one name attached to it. Local topic-names are used internally to reference the topic. These are converted to context numbers. External topic-names are held in a tree structure in the on-line help file. When a topic-name is used in a search or on entry to the On-line Help Viewer, the tree is searched for the name.
A component of Mainframe Express that provides enhanced testing-specific functionality, as well as automation of the testing process for Mainframe Express applications. TouchPoint enables you to create and edit a set of test cases (a test suite), for a project created in Mainframe Express. The tests can then be run, and the results analyzed, from within Mainframe Express.
A record that is written to the region's trace table whenever execution reaches a trace point in CICS Option code.
A defined point within CICS Option code or a transaction program. When execution reaches this point, a trace entry is written to the region's trace table (provided tracing has been activated).
A cyclic buffer in a region's shared memory to which trace entries are written. The number of trace entries that the trace table can hold is determined by the TRT size field of the SIT.
When the trace table is full, its contents are dumped to a file before being overwritten.
A control that consists of a slider track and slider button, used to set values that exist in a continuous range. A typical use is for a volume control, or to set a position from which to play a multimedia file.
As applied to application development, this term means developing an application by coding the source directly in a procedural language such as COBOL, rather than using an application generator.
See also native COBOL development and application generation.
A four-character name that uniquely identifies a CICS transaction.
A four-character name that uniquely identifies a CICS transaction.
Any application program that a user can initiate from a terminal that is signed on to CICS Option.
Any application program that a user can initiate from a terminal that is signed on to CICS.
A facility that enables users to run transactions on remote CICS Option as though they were logged in to the remote system.
A process started by CICS Option at system initialization. Each Transaction server deals with a single user transaction. A region can have as many transaction servers as you specify in its SIT.
A work area used by a transaction to store temporary data and intermediate results.
A form of temporary storage used by CICS transactions. A transient data queue is organized sequentially, so that records can be retrieved only in the order in which they were placed in the queue.
In Component Generator, a point where during the workflow capture you moved from one user screen to another.
A mid-level, reliable, connection-oriented communications protocol used on the Internet that guarantees delivery of all the packets of a message in the correct order.
A mid-level, reliable, connection-oriented communications protocol used on the Internet that guarantees delivery of all the packets of a message in the correct order.
Transmission Control Program/Intranet Protocol family of international standards for communications between computers which includes such protocols as TCP, IP, UDP, and FTP. These communications protocols are now available on computers around the world and are the base upon which the Internet HTTP and other higher level protocols are based.
See also:
The standard stack of communications protocols used on the Internet.
See also:
In WebSphere MQ, a local queue on which prepared messages destined for a remote queue manager are temporarily stored.
The node to which all other nodes are directly or indirectly attached. It is the start of a program.
A control that displays an expandable hierarchical structure of text, icons or bitmaps. A typical use would be to show the structure of a file system, with icons representing individual files at the leaves of the tree.
A control that displays an expandable hierarchical structure of text, icons or bitmaps. A typical use would be to show the structure of a file system, with icons representing individual files as the leaves of the tree.
In WebSphere MQ, an event (such as a message arriving on a queue) that causes a queue manager to create a trigger message on an initiation queue.
The number of records that must accumulate in an extrapartition transient data queue in order to trigger the transaction associated with the queue.
An executable that is used to start an application. Also known as the main executable or the root executable.
In WebSphere MQ, a facility allowing a queue manager to start an application automatically when predetermined conditions on a queue are satisfied.
In WebSphere MQ, a continuously-running application serving one or more initiation queues. When a trigger message arrives on an initiation queue, the trigger monitor retrieves the message. It uses the information in the trigger message to start a process that serves the queue on which a trigger event occurred.
See also CICS task initiator .
See Time Sharing Option.
A session in which TSO commands are executed.
A CICS Resource Definition Table (RDT) that holds terminal class definitions.
See Universal Database.
The process of removing a data set from the MVS catalog. In Mainframe Express, the Catalog field in the catalog entry is changed to No.
A list of recently performed actions, with the most recent at the top. Each action can be the subject of an undo operation.
A view in the Data File Editor that shows whole records, one per line.
A compact string of characters for identifying an abstract or physical resource. A URI is either a URL or a URN. URLs and URNs are concrete entities that actually exist; a URI is an abstract superclass.
The address of a resource accessible on the Internet. A URL contains the name of the protocol required to access the resource (such as http), a domain name that identifies a specific computer on the Internet (such as www.microfocus.com), and a hierarchical description of the resource.
URLs can point to HTML pages, server-side programs, or files to download from the server to the client.
A unique identifier that identifies an entity, but doesn't tell where it is located. A system can use a URN to look up an entity locally before trying to find it on the Web. It also allows the Web location to change, while still allowing the entity to be found.
A key in an indexed file for which only one record in the file can have a particular value.
Processing performed against a recoverable resource between syncpoints. Sometimes called unit of recovery (UOR).
A family of relational database products from IBM that run on various computer platforms from individual PCs to the largest IBM mainframes.
A standard format in XML for describing the name, location on the Web, and functions of a Web service. In deploying a Web service you can register it on an UDDI registry.
A control that consists of two small arrow push buttons, and that can be used to increment or decrement a value in an adjacent buddy window. Up/down controls are also called spin buttons.
To transfer a file to a remote computer from your own computer.
Uniform Resource Locator. Describes the location of a piece of information on the Internet, or an intranet. For example, the URL of one of the pages on the Micro Focus Web site is:
https://www.microfocus.com/customer_stories/all_stories/towers_perrin.asp
This is an example of an absolute URL. The first part of the URL (http) specifies the protocol used for transferring the information from the Web server (in this case the Hypertext Transfer Protocol). The second part of the URL (www.microfocus.com) is the domain name of the Web server, uniquely identifying it on the Internet. The last part of the URL (/customer_stories/all_stories/towers_perrin.asp) is the path and filename of a specific resource on the server. URLs can point to HTML pages, server-side programs, or files to download from the server to the client.
In contrast, a relative URL describes the location of another page, program or file relative to the current location. When you are referring to resources on the same site, it is usually best to use relative URLs.
In Mainframe Express, an alternative catalog for defining the mainframe data sets used by a project. Up to 32 user catalogs can be used by a project in addition to the system catalog. Each user catalog is associated with a user node.
A Dialog System control object. An outline box defining a container for new objects not paintable by the Dialog System definition software.
A folder that contains Component Generator deployment files in a series of subfolders. You specify the user deployment location in your user preferences. If you do not specify a user deployment location, the generated files are written to the project deployment location.
See also project deployment location .
The Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (UDDI) Business Registry enables businesses to publish their Web services and locate Web services published by other businesses. UDDI contains three distinct repositories: the white pages provide an organization's contact information, such as business address and URL; the yellow pages list organizations and their services using standard industry categorizations; the green pages store technical information.
UDDI provides two main interfaces: inquiry, which enables Web services to be located and publish, which is used to insert and delete information about the services an organization provides.
An eight-character identifier associated with a CICS user. Users must supply this identifier, together with a password when they sign on at a terminal.
The user id is specified in the SNT entry for the user.
The high-level qualifier of the data sets that are defined in the associated user catalog. Mainframe Express searches for data sets with this qualifier in the user catalog first, and then the system catalog.
An eight-character password that a user must supply when signing on to CICS at a terminal. The user password is specified in the SNT entry for the user.
A user-written routine used to carry out data compression. The routine is stored in a module called USRDCnn. You can specify up to 127 such routines.
See also compression routine and Micro Focus compression routine.
A program that performs commonly-used functions. Mainframe Express emulates several MVS utilities.
In XML, valid describes an XML document that abides by the rules of its schema. (A schema is a model used to describe the structure of information within an XML document.) This can be either a DTD (Document Type Definition) or an XML Schema.
A type of record format in which the records in a file can have different lengths, within specified minimum and maximum lengths.
Visual Basic Script. A subset of Microsoft's VisualBasic programming language that runs in the IIS Web server. A language for creating Active Server Pages.
See scroll bar.
An IBM mainframe operating system that can host other IBM operating systems such as MVS or VSE, so that an application running under an operating system seems to have its own complete system of software and hardware resources.
An access method for direct or sequential processing of fixed and variable length records on direct access storage devices. The records in a VSAM data set or file can be organized in logical sequence by a key field (key sequence), in the physical sequence in which they are written to the data set or file (entry sequence) or by relative record number.
An access method for direct or sequential processing of fixed and variable length records on direct access storage devices. The records in a VSAM data set or file can be organized in logical sequence by a key field (key sequence), in the physical sequence in which they are written to the data set or file (entry sequence) or by relative record number.
An IBM licensed program that controls communication and the flow of data in an SNA network.
Microsoft's Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) for building .NET managed code applications, where teh code is written in any .NET language such as C# or Micro Focus COBOL.
See Virtual Machine.
A Mainframe Express and Net Express utility that runs on the mainframe. The utility reads a mainframe file with variable length records and writes a file in which the record length is stored with each record. That file is then transferred to the PC and used to recreate the original file.
A Mainframe Express and Net Express utility that runs on the mainframe. The utility reads an uploaded PC file in which the record length is stored with each record, and writes a mainframe file with variable length records.
A JAR archive that contains a Web module.
A viewable list of selected data items and their values, available during debugging.
A program used to view material prepared for the World Wide Web. Browsers are able to interpret URL's and HTML markup, and also understand several Internet protocols.
A program used to view material prepared for the World Wide Web. Browsers are able to interpret URLs and HTML markup, and also understand several Internet protocols. Examples include Netscape Navigator and Microsoft's Internet Explorer.
Software that services the requests of the Web browsers that connect to it.
Examples include Microsoft's Internet Information Server (IIS) and IBM's HTTP Server.
A Web service is a unit of application logic that provides data and services to other applications, regardless of language or platform, through an Internet connection. Generally, a Web service is exposed by one company so that another company or software program can use that service.
Web Services is a technology that enables software components, regardless of the language in which they are written or the platform on which they run, to be accessed by applications across the Internet.
Most Web services have a WSDL file associated with them. The WSDL file defines the functions provided by the Web service, the parameters expected by each function and the results returned.
The person responsible for a particular Web server or Web site.
Software that provides services to access the Internet, an intranet, or an extranet. A Web server hosts Web sites, provides support for HTTP and other protocols, and executes server-side programs (such as CGI scripts or servlets) that perform certain functions.
A software component deployed using the Web Services standards and mechanisms.
A set of standards and mechanisms that enables software components to be deployed so that they can be invoked across the Internet or an intranet, with data passed between client and component in the form of text files containing XML. This means the client application does not need to know anything about the language or deployment mechanism of the component it is invoking.
Since Web Services is the name of a facility, the term is singular.
See also Web service.
A standard format in XML for describing the input data that a Web service expects from its clients and the output data it will return to its clients. In deploying a Web service you must create and deploy its WSDL file.
See also Web Services.
A language, specific to the Microsoft SOAP Toolkit, that enables developers to map Web services to COM objects.
A Web server containing all your HTML documents, CGI programs etc.
IBM's middleware product for reliable asynchronous messaging.
Part of the WebSphere MQ product that can be installed on a system without installing the full queue manager. The WebSphere MQ client accepts MQI calls from applications and communicates with a queue manager on a server system.
Human-readable commands, uniform across all platforms, that are used to manipulate WebSphere MQ objects.
In XML, well-formed describes an XML document which conforms to the rules of XML syntax. These dictate, for example, that every element within a document must be contained within the root element and that every element must open with a start tag and close with an end tag.
In XML, well-formed describes an XML document which conforms to the rules of XML syntax. These dictate, for example, that every element within a document must be contained within the root element and that every element must open with a start tag and close with an end tag.
An online Web-based support and information service from Micro Focus. With it, you can access all the latest information and software updates for Mainframe Express and Net Express.
A character that can be used in a filename in certain contexts; any character is considered to match the wildcard character, so that all files whose names match the rest of the string will be selected. The wildcard character is normally an asterisk (*).
A procedure that is never entered; its existence means your program is badly structured.
An area of the screen with visible boundaries, on which information is displayed. A window can be the same size as or smaller than the screen.
See border.
In API programming, the name associated with a specific window procedure. Many individual windows can share the same window procedure if they are all instances of the same window class.
See object dialog.
A window, dialog box, or message box. An object that can have further objects (controls) defined in it.
See also control.
In API programming, a piece of code associated with a specific type of window that controls the window and processes all messages destined for the window. Window procedure is often abbreviated to winproc.
An optional file-handling system in Windows NT. When you use it file access is very efficient, and filenames are not restricted to those consisting of 8-character basename, period, and 3-character extension. Your disk must be specially formatted to use NTFS.
See title bar.
The Wireless Application Protocol is an open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to access and interact with information and services.
WML is a markup language based on XML, and is used to specify content and user interface for narrowband devices, including cellular phones and pagers.
On a mainframe computer, 16 or 32 consecutive bits treated as a unit.
The character that denotes the end of a word in a file, normally a space.
A workflow is a record of a sequence of application screens accessed by a user, together with any data that was entered and any keys that were pressed during the recording session. A workflow is recorded using Component Generator's optional workflow capture feature.
An optional feature of the Component Generator. Workflow Capture includes a 3270 terminal emulator which enables a user to log on to a mainframe application and record a sequence of screens, together with any data entered and any keys pressed. The recorded sequences, known as workflows, are written to a relational database and can be used as a starting point when defining an eBiz Transaction. To use Workflow Capture, the Workflow Capture Server (also known as the EnterpriseLink Loader Service) must be installed on your own machine or a networked machine to which you have access.
A group that an administrator sets up to allow many developers to share data, source and configuration options across and between projects.
A view in the Mainframe Express IDE that shows the project as a set of levels containing libraries.
A collection of libraries that hold all the files that constitute a version of an application which is under development.
See desktop.
All the resources and users on the Internet that use the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
The collection of hyperlinked HTML pages accessible from a Web browser using the HTTP protocol. Commonly referred to simply as the Web.
A standards body, responsible for agreeing standards used on the Web including HTML and XML.
An industry consortium that seeks to promote standards for the evolution of the World Wide Web and interoperability between WWW products by producing specifications and reference software.
A program that simply accepts parameters and passes them onto another program that does the actual work. Usually the wrapper is in a different language from the latter program, and is in the same language as intended clients. The wrapper reformats the parameters in any way required by the difference in languages. For example, to make a COBOL program easy to call from Java clients, the COBOL program would be provided with a Java wrapper.
See World Wide Web (WWW).
Database software that provides emulation of DB2 databases in a client-server environment.
A component of SQL Option that provides access to XDB databases.
A family of current and future document types and modules that reproduce, subset, and extend HTML 4. XHTML-family document types are based on XML and designed to work in conjunction with XML-based user agents.
The basic unit of XML. Elements are declared in an XML schema and referenced in an XML document by sets of tags, an opening tag and a closing tag, that bear the name of the element. An opening tag begins with a < character and ends with a > character. Its paired closing tag begins with the </ characters and ends with a > character.
The XML Mapper is a tool, accessible from the Component Generator IDE, which enables you to define an eBiz Transaction's interface by mapping eBiz Transction input and output fields to elements and attributes in a DTD.
XML Schema is a new approach to defining the schema for XML documents that uses an XML vocabulary called XML-Data. An XML Schema is very similar in purpose to a DTD, in that it is used to establish the schema of a class of XML documents. Like DTDs, XML Schemas describe elements and their content models so that documents can be validated. However, XML Schemas go several steps further than DTDs by allowing you to associate data types with elements.
The World Wide Web Consortium standard for specifying XML schemas.
See also schema.
See XML element.
The functionality that manipulates XML data in XSLT. XPath is a separate World Wide Web Consortium specification from XSLT.
A software application which transforms XML data based on XSLT extensions of the XSL stylesheet. Also known as XSLT engine.
A Zeroload initializes a database. A database must be zeroloaded before an application can issue calls against it. Zeroloading an existing database will re-initialize the database and cause any data to be lost. You can perform a Zeroload with IMSDBU or DBUTIL.
A file stored in compressed form by the Pkzip utility. Its default extension is .zip. A zip file can contain many normal files. They are extracted ("unzipped") by the Pkunzip utility.