Launch Page

To start Micro Focus License Administration

Installing licenses

If you have a license file

If you have an authorization code

Authorizing your product when you have an Internet connection

Authorizing your product when you don't have an Internet connection

Configuring your machine to use a central license server

Installing licenses silently

Viewing installed licenses

Uninstalling licenses

Removing licenses

Revoking licenses when you have an Internet connection

Revoking licenses when you do not have an Internet connection

Installing License Manager

Installing a local license server

Installing a standalone network license server

Installing on UNIX and Linux

Trial licenses

Commuter licenses

To obtain a commuter license

To return a commuter license

Usage log

Licensing Error Messages

Initialization error - Initializing: Cannot communicate with licensing daemon

Error - Initalizing: Cannot find initialization file

Error - Unable to manage licenses in license manager that is not running on localhost

Error [5]: Cannot talk to the license server on host "xxx.x.x.x". Server not running

Error authorizing... Remote request error - The authorization code is invalid

Error [26] - Request Denied due to clock tamper detection

Error[18]: No license code is available for feature (component)

Unable to authorize (cause)

Updates and Product Support

Micro Focus End User License Agreement

Known Issues and Restrictions

Calling COBOL Programs from C

COBOL Programming

Boolean Data Items

CBL2XML Utility

Enhanced ACCEPT/DISPLAY Syntax (Adis)

Filenames

IDXFORMAT 8 and 12 File Size Limits

Unsupported Features

XML Extensions

Compatibility

Coexisting with earlier Micro Focus products

Data Access

Application Server JCA Support

Problem Determination and Diagnostic Tools

Test Coverage

UNIX and Linux Installer Issues

Contacting Micro Focus

Further Information and Product Support

Information We Need

Contact information

Using the Command Line Demonstrations

Command Line Demonstrations of COBOL for JVM

Command Line Demonstrations of Native COBOL

Command Line Demonstrations of COBOL used with SQL

Command Line Demonstrations of COBOL used with Business Information Server (BIS)

Upgrading to Visual COBOL Development Hub

Advantages of Upgrading

Upgrading Your COBOL Applications

Compiling Your Applications

Differences between Visual COBOL and Server Express

Licensing Changes

Recompile all source code

Default Working Mode

Summary of Differences

Compiling and Building Differences

Compiler directives

SQL Compiler Directive Options

XML PARSE Statement

Run-time System Differences

OpenESQL

Static-Linked Run-Time System

Setting the environment on UNIX

Restrictions and Unsupported Features

Character-Mode Dialog System

DBMS Preprocessors

FSView

GNT Analyzer

Host Compatibility Option (HCO)

INTLEVEL Support

NSAPI

OO Class and Method Wizards

OpenESQL

SQL Option for DB2

UNIX Publish

Run-Time Technology Differences

File Handling

Java and COBOL

Test Coverage

Editing and Debugging Differences

Data Tools

Interface Mapping Toolkit

Remote Debugging

Procedural COBOL Compared with Managed COBOL

Help on Help

Developing Applications

Overview of Application Development

Accessing Development Hub

Packaging Applications

Callable Shared Object Files

Executable File Types - Summary

Intermediate Code Files

Generated Code Files

Shared Library Files

System Executable Files

Executable File Types

Creating Applications

Packaging Applications Using Callable File Formats

COBOL Link Option

Dynamic Loading

Default Behavior

Dynamically Loadable Files

Program Names and Entry Points

Flexibility and Performance

Working in 32-bit and 64-bit Modes

Finding the Current Working Mode

The COBMODE Environment Variable

The cobmode Command

Starting the Required Tool

Determining the Format of an Executable File

Operating System Executable Files

Micro Focus Executable Files

Shipping Dual-mode Applications

Configuration Files

Creating Programs

Creating Intermediate Code Files

Creating Generated Code Files

Creating Callable Shared Objects

Creating System Executable Files

Creating Shared Library Files

Using Compiler Directives

For More Information

Building applications

Compiling COBOL Applications

Compiling COBOL code

Compiled File Types

Compiling JVM COBOL

Setting Compiler Directives for COBOL

Setting Compiler Directives from the Command Line

Setting Compiler Directives in Source Code

Setting Compiler Directives in a Directives File

Order in Which Copybooks are Searched For

Temporary Files Used when Compiling Native COBOL

Techniques for Compiling Quickly

Linking

Introduction to Linking

Linking and Linked File Types

Linking and Binding

Dynamic Loading

Debugging Applications

Character Animator and Application Development

Preparing for Animation

Preparing the Environment

The .aif File and Character Animator

Specifying Screen Size for Screen-swapping

Screen Borders on aixterm

Compiling for Animation

Debugging Methods

Command Line Debugging

Starting Character Animator at Your Terminal

Starting Character Animator in a Different Window

Starting Character Animator In Sleep Mode

Specifying Character Animator Directives

Directive Descriptions

Just-in-time Debugging

Core Dump Debugging

Unsolicited Dynamic Attachment Debugging

Using the Debugging Library Routines

Preprocessor Debugging

Multi-threaded Program Debugging

Multi-threading and Animator

CGI Program Debugging

Cross-session Debugging

Using the COBANIMSRV Environment Variable

Using the Same Directory

Using CBL_DEBUG_START and CBL_DEBUG_STOP

Using cobesdebug to Debug Services and Applications on Enterprise Server

How it works

How Enterprise Server finds a match

How to debug services and applications with Enterprise Server Dynamic Debugging

Alternative ways of Debugging Services and Applications on Enterprise Server

Debugging Services and Applications on Enterprise Server Using CBL_DEBUGBREAK

Debugging Services and Applications on Enterprise Server Using the cassi Command

Using Character Animator

Overview of Character Animator Functions

Working With Character Animator

The Character Animator Screen

Character Animator Screen Overview

The Information Line

Moving the Cursor and Text During Animation

Entering Text on Menus

Using the Character Animator Windows

Viewing Data

Key Functions for Updating Queried Data Items

Menus

Locate-declaration Menu

Query Menu

Functions

Function Descriptions

Cancel All Breakpoints

Cursor-position Reset

Detach from application

Scroll Up/Down (continuously)

Scroll Up/Down (one line)(Ctrl+<left-arrow>/<right-arrow>)

Thread-local Breakpoint

Run-time System Error Messages

Directives for Character Animator

Directive Descriptions

Cross-session Debugging

Using cobesdebug to Debug Services and Applications on Enterprise Server

How it works

How Enterprise Server finds a match

How to debug services and applications with Enterprise Server Dynamic Debugging

Running Applications

Creating Runnable Programs

Running Native Applications

Running Programs

Command to Run a Linked System Executable Program

cobrun Command

Switches

Programmable Switches

Run-time Switches

Setting Switches

TMPDIR Environment Variable

Accessing Command Line Parameters

Run-time Configuration File

Run-time Configuration

Format of a Run-time Configurable

Run-time Tunables

Running Managed Code Applications

Java/COBOL Application Launcher

Using the Java/COBOL Application Launcher from the Command Line

Run-time System Error Messages

Using the Consolidated Tracing Facility

Test Coverage (Native COBOL)

Overview - Test Coverage

Test Coverage Configuration File

Test Coverage Report Files

Format of a Test Coverage Report

Recompiling Programs

Reporting on Tagged Lines

Test Coverage Tag File

Test Coverage Utility Program (tcutil)

How To...

To use test coverage from the command line

To create test coverage reports

To report on tagged lines

Including Code Coverage in a Continuous Integration Process

Restrictions when Using Test Coverage

Troubleshooting Test Coverage

Test Coverage Error Messages

Programming

COBOL Programming

Getting Started with COBOL

Calling COBOL Programs

Specifying the Program to Be Called

Naming a Program in its PROGRAM-ID Paragraph

Entry Point Mapping for COBOL Programs

Calling a Program Using an Implicit Program Name

Calling a Program Using an Explicit Program Name

Calling Entry Points in Subprograms

Calling Programs According to How They Are Linked

State of the Data when a Program is Called Again

Search Conventions Used for Calling Programs

Passing Parameters to a Called Program

Passing Return Codes Back to the Calling Program

Call Prototypes

About Call Prototypes

The ANY Keyword

Relaxed Type-checking

Using Type Definitions

Using the Library Routine Type Definitions and Call Prototypes

Internationalization Support

National Locale Support

Compiling Programs with NLS

Setting Up the National Locale Environment

Using the LANG Environment Variable

Running Your NLS Program

NLS Initialization

NLS Operations

String Comparisons

Class Condition Tests

SORT and MERGE Key Comparisons

Case Conversion

Collating Sequence Operations

Editing and De-editing Moves

Intrinsic Functions Numval and Numval-c

Using NLS Library Routines in Your Programs

Mixing Programs With and Without NLS

Message Files

Format of a Message File

Example Error Message File

Compiling and Deploying a Message File

Unicode Support

UTF-16 Byte Ordering

National Literals

National Hexadecimal Literals

National Data Items

Preparing Applications for Enterprise Server

The Application Container

Short-running Requests

Long-running Requests

Resource Management

Application-managed Services

Container-managed Services

Restrictions on the COBOL application

User Interaction for COBOL Program Services

Run-time Errors and Completion

Object-oriented COBOL

Mixed Language Programming

Ordering Parameters to Pass to Non-COBOL Programs

Removing Parameters from the Stack

Storage Representation of Parameters

Aligning Parameters on Word and Double Word Boundaries

Handling Return Codes in Mixed Language Applications

Call Conventions for Interfacing with Mixed Languages

Building a Mixed Language Application

Interfacing with Assembler Subprograms

Interfacing with C Programs

Passing Data between C and COBOL

Header-to-COPY Utility

Overview

H2cpy command-line options

Converting Header Files Using the H2cpy Utility

H2cpy Translations

Translating Names

Using the Headers Preprocessor

Translating Directives

Preprocessor Directives

Expanding Macros and Creating String Literals

Translating Conditional Directives

Translating Other Directives

Translating Statements

External Data Declarations

Example - Translating External Data Declarations

Type Definitions

Example - Translating Type Definitions

Structure, Union and Enumerator Declarations

Example - Translating Named Declarations

Example - Translating Unnamed Declarations

Example - Translating Enumerator Declarations

Function Prototype Declarations

Example - Translating Function Prototype Declarations

Example - Translating C Calling Conventions

Call Parameters

Example 1 - Parameter Passing in C and in COBOL

Example 2 - Parameter Passing in C and in COBOL

H2cpy Limitations

Overview - H2cpy Messages

Warning Messages

* Warning, other return already defined for: name

* Warning, float has been evaluated as zero

* Warning, expression buffer overflow - ignored

* Warning, macro too long, ignored: name

* Warning, macro has too many parameters

* Warning, macro parameters too long - ignored

* Warning, neither whitespace nor ( after #define. Ignoring the line.

*Warning, redefinition ignored for #define

* Warning, struct/union 4 bytes (or 8) and passed by value cannot be directly accessed from COBOL

Error Messages - Command Line Errors

Error, command line too long

Error, no input C header file given

Error, too many input filenames

Error, macro name already defined

Error, exceeded max number of include directories, max=14

Error, unknown C type: name

Error, no C type alignment value

Error, no C type size value

Error, no call convention value provided

Error, unknown environment (not 16 or 32)

Error, unknown option - flag

Error Messages - Invalid C Source

Error, type expected, found name: name

Error, type expected

Error, typedef found at inner level; check brackets

Unexpected token token

Error, type expected

Error, type expected, found name

Error, no unique typedef name!

Error, already declared this name

Error, undeclared enum name

Error, already defined name: name

Error, already defined struct/union as: name

Error, other params already defined for : name

Error, declaration buffer overflow

Error, no unique declarator name!

Error, no unique parameter name!

Error, invalid C code (missing token)

Error, too many digits for 4 bytes in name

Error Messages when Calling Non-COBOL Programs

Signal Handling

Signal Handling Overview

Posting Signal Handlers

Writing Signal Handlers

More than One Handler for the Same Signal

Converting Signal Handlers Written for the signal() Function

Third Party Software that Uses Signals

Examples of Mixed Language Programming

Example of Calling C functions from COBOL

Example of Calling an Assembler Subprogram

Example of Posting a Signal Handler

Using COBOL and XML together

XML Extensions

Installation and introduction

Before you start

System requirements

XML Extensions components

Development components

Deployment components

Installing XML Extensions

Installing on Windows or UNIX

Introducing XML Extensions

What is XML?

COBOL as XML

XML as COBOL

Getting started with XML Extensions

Design the COBOL data structure and program logic

Typical development process example

Compile the program

Execute the program

Making a program skeleton

Making a program that exports an XML document

Populating the XML document with data values

Deploy the application

How XML Extensions locates files

XML Extensions statements reference

Memory management with XML Extensions

Searching for files

Document processing statements

XML TEST WELLFORMED FILE

XML TEST WELLFORMED TEXT

Document management statements

XML RESOLVE DOCUMENT NAME

XML RESOLVE SCHEMA-FILE

XML RESOLVE STYLESHEET-FILE

XML RESOLVE MODEL-NAME

Directory management statements

XML FIND FILE

XML GET UNIQUEID

State management statements

XML INITIALIZE

XML TERMINATE

XML DISABLE ALL-OCCURRENCES

XML ENABLE ALL-OCCURRENCES

XML DISABLE ATTRIBUTES

XML ENABLE ATTRIBUTES

XML SET XSL-PARAMETERS

XML SET XSL-PARAMETERS-NEW

XML CLEAR XSL-PARAMETERS

COBOL considerations

File management

File naming conventions

External XSLT Stylesheet File Naming External XSLT stylesheet file naming conventions

Other input file naming conventions

Other output file naming conventions

Data conventions

Data representation

COBOL and character encoding

MF_XMLEXT_LOCAL_ENCODING environment variable

Windows character encoding

UNIX character encoding

FILLER data items

Missing intermediate parent names

Unique element names

Unique identifier

Sparse COBOL records

Copybooks

Statement definitions

REPLACE statement considerations

Displaying status information

Application termination

Anonymous COBOL data structures

Limitations

Data items (data structures)

Edited data items

Wide and narrow characters

Data item definitions and size

Data naming

OCCURS restrictions

Reading, writing, and the Internet

Optimizations

OCCURS DEPENDING

Empty occurrences

Cached XML documents

Managed code considerations

Compilation options

New XML statement

XML statement restrictions

XML considerations

XML and character encoding

Document type definition support

XSLT stylesheet files

Handling space and whitespace in XML

Schema files

Appendix A XML Extensions examples

Example 1 Import file and export file

Development for example 1

Batch file for example 1

Program description for example 1

Data item for example 1

Other definitions for example 1

Program structure for example 1

Execution results for example 1

Example 2 Export file and import file with XSLT stylesheets

Development for example 2

Batch file for example 2

Program description for example 2

Data item for example 2

Other definitions for example 2

Program structure for example 2

Execution results for example 2

Example 3 Export file and import file with OCCURS DEPENDING

Development for example 3

Batch file for example 3

Program description for example 3

Data item for example 3

Other definitions for example 3

Program structure for example 3

Execution results for example 3

Example 4 Export file and import file with sparse arrays

Development for example 4

Batch file for example 4

Program description for example 4

Data item for example 4

Other definitions for example 4

Program structure for example 4

Execution results for example 4

Example 5 Export and import text

Development for example 5

Batch file for example 5

Program description for example 5

Data item for example 5

Other definitions for example 5

Program structure for example 5

Execution results for example 5

Example 6 Export file and import file with directory polling

Development for example 6

Batch file for example 6

Program description for example 6

Data item for example 6

Other definitions for example 6

Program structure for example 6

Execution results for example 6

Example 7 Export file, test well-formed file, and validate file

Development for example 7

Batch file for example 7

Program description for example 7

Data item for example 7

Other definitions for example 7

Program structure for example 7

Execution results for example 7

Example 8 Export text, test well-formed text, and validate text

Development for example 8

Batch file for example 8

Program description for example 8

Data item for example 8

Other definitions for example 8

Program structure for example 8

Execution results for example 8

Example 9 Export file, transform file, and import file

Development for example 9

Batch file for example 9

Program description for example 9

Data item for example 9

Other definitions for example 9

Program structure for example 9

Execution results for example 9

Example 10 Diagnostic messages

Development for example 10

Batch file for example 10

Program description for example 10

Data item for example 10

Other definitions for example 10

Program structure for example 10

Execution results for example 10

Example 11 Import file with missing intermediate parent names

Development for example 11

Batch file for example 11

Program description for example 11

Data item for example 11

Other definitions for example 11

Program structure for example 11

Execution results for example 11

Example batch files

Cleanup.bat

Example.bat

Examples.bat

Appendix B: XML Extensions sample application programs

Appendix C: XML Extensions error messages

Summary of error messages

XML Syntax Extensions

XML Implementation

Syntax for Handling XML in COBOL

SELECT Paragraph

XML Description Paragraph (XD)

IDENTIFIED BY and IS ATTRIBUTE Clauses

PROCESSING-INSTRUCTION Clause

COUNT IN Clause

NAMESPACE Clause

COBOL Verbs

Compiling XML-enabled COBOL

Building XML-enabled COBOL from Visual COBOL

Compiling XML-enabled COBOL from the Command Line

Generating COBOL Structures with XML Syntax from the Command Line

CBL2XML Utility

Generating a Copybook and Schema

Generating XML-enhanced COBOL from an XML Schema

Mapping COBOL Data to XML Elements

Accessing an XML-enabled Record

Validate an XML Document

XML PARSE

Embedded HTML

EHTML Preprocessor Directives

Deploying a CGI Application with Embedded HTML

Debugging a CGI Application

Compatibility

Compatibility with ACUCOBOL-GT

Converting ACUCOBOL-GT Applications

Enabling ACUCOBOL-GT Compatibility

Compiler Directives for ACUCOBOL-GT Compatibility

Compiler Option Support

Setting Compiler Options

Supported ACUCOBOL-GT Compiler Options

Standard Options

Native Object Code Options

Listing Options

Internal Table Options

Compatibility Options

Source Options

Reserved Word Options

Data Storage Options

Truncation Options

Video Options

Warning and Error Options

Debugging Options

Miscellaneous Options

32- and 64-Bit Code Generation

ACUCOBOL-GT Conversion Issues

Complementary ACUCOBOL-GT Technologies

Configuration Files and Configuration Variables

Multi-threading Implementation

Screen Descriptions

Truncation Options in Managed Code

Unsupported Library Routines

Using Pipes to Assign Filenames When Using the Vision File Handler

ACUCOBOL-GT File Handling

Configuring Access to Vision Files

File Limits

Vision Related Utilities

Converting Vision Files

Configuring Access to Data Files Through AcuServer

ACUCOBOL-GT Library Routines

C$MEMCPY (Dynamic Memory Routine)

C$TOUPPER and C$TOLOWER

I$IO

M$ALLOC (Dynamic Memory Routine)

M$COPY (Dynamic Memory Routine)

M$FILL (Dynamic Memory Routine)

M$FREE (Dynamic Memory Routine)

M$GET (Dynamic Memory Routine)

M$PUT (Dynamic Memory Routine)

RENAME

WIN$VERSION

ACUCOBOL-GT Windowing Syntax

Windowing Syntax Summary

Enabling Windowing Support

Windowing Support Syntax

The CLOSE WINDOW Statement

Windowing Supplementary Information

Windowing Restrictions

Windowing Error Messages

Compatibility with DG Interactive COBOL

DG Interactive COBOL Source Programs

Compatibility Directives

Compatibility with DG Interactive COBOL

Overview

Enhancing your Converted Application

Compatibility with DG Interactive COBOL Source

The DG Directive

Reserved Words

DG International Character Set

DG File Status and other Exception Values

Calls

Linkage Section Access

Arithmetic of Group Level Items

Run-time Switches

Program Identification and Data-names

Reformatting a DG COBOL Source File

Reformatting Rules

Compatibility with RM/COBOL

Converting RM/COBOL Applications

Configuring Your Application for

Appendices

Appendix A - RM/COBOL Source File

Appendix B - ADISCTRL Settings for RM2VCOB

Appendix C - Adis Key Mappings for RM2VCOB

Appendix D - Adis Key Function Mapping for RM2VCOB

Compiler Directives for RM/COBOL Compatibility

Compiling RM/COBOL Programs Without DIALECT"RM"

RM/COBOL Data Types

RM/COBOL Conversion Issues

Producing Executable Code

Perform Statements

ACCEPT FROM CENTURY-DATE and FROM CENTURY-DAY

CURSOR phrase not available in ACCEPT statement

Nested COPY statements with REPLACING phrase

Duplicate Paragraph-names

Figurative Constants and the USING Phrase

File Not Found Errors

Indexed File Error on Open

LIKE Relational-operator Not Available

Linkage Section in Main Program

Nested OCCURS DEPENDING Clauses

Numbering of Segments

Program Identification and Data Names

REMARKS Paragraph

Reserved Words

SAME AS Clause Not Available When Defining Data Structures

Source Code in Columns 73 to 80

START WHILE LIKE Not Available

Undeclared Data Items in Clauses

User-names Longer than 127 Bytes are Truncated

Using Relative Path Names

Running the Code

Table Bound Checking

ACCEPT Fields at the Edge of the Screen

C$CARG Not Supported

Display of Input Data in Concealed ACCEPT Fields

Embedded Control Sequences in DISPLAY Statements

End of File Notification

File Status Codes

Field Wrap-Around

File and Record Locking

Initialization of Working Storage

Numeric Fields Containing Illegal Characters When Using a DEPENDING ON Phrase of an OCCURS Clause

ON SIZE ERROR Phrase

Open EXTEND of Nonexistent File

Printer Output is Written to Disk

Screen Column Number Specification

Trailing Blanks in Line Sequential Files

Undefined Results of MOVE and Arithmetic Operations

Using the Correct Calling Convention

RM/COBOL Library Routines

RM/COBOL File Handling

Configuring Access to RM/COBOL Indexed Data Files

File Limits

RM/COBOL File Status Codes

Debugging JVM COBOL Using RM/COBOL Indexed Files

Enabling CTF to Trace RM/COBOL Data Files

Data File Utilities

Indexed File Recovery (recover1) utility

Recovery command

Recovery command options

Recovery process description

The four phases of processing

Recovery support module version errors

Recovery example

Recovery program error messages

RM/Panels

Restrictions and Limitations

Converting RM/Panels Applications

Conversion Example: Using

Download the Tutorial Files

Configure Adis Support for RM/Panels

Writing Programs

Standard Runtime Function Basics

Setting Runtime Parameters

Executing Standard Runtime

Required Copy Files

Error Detection

Screen Handling

Individual Field Method

Entire Screen Method

Event Loop Method

Using Multiple Panels

Standard Runtime Functions

DISABLE FIELD FOR INPUT

ENABLE FIELD FOR INPUT

ENABLE MENU OPTION

EXECUTE EVENT

INITIALIZE ALL FIELDS

Utility Functions

DELETE TEMPORARY FILE

END MODELESS OPERATION

START MODELESS OPERATION

START POLLING

Appendix A: Master Copy File RMPANELS.WS

Contents of RMPANELS WS

RMPANELS WS Field Definitions

Appendix B Standard Utility, and Extended Runtime Functions and Parameters

Compatibility with XML Extensions

Additional Parameter Required with XML Extensions Processing Statements

COBOL programs using BIS

Conflicts Between Model File-names and XML Data Files

Creating an XML Model File

Displaying the Status of XML Extensions Statements

Importing and Exporting Ambiguous Data-names

Invalid Characters in Condition Names

Restricted data items with XML Extensions

Unable to Use Data Items Declared in Nested Programs

User-names Longer than 127 Bytes are Truncated

Using the Correct Calling Convention

OO COBOL Class Library Reference

Data Access

Database Access

Accessing Databases from COBOL

Database Access Features

Database Access Preprocessors

Developing SQL Applications

Embedded SQL

Host Variables

Simple Host Variables

Host Arrays

Indicator Variables

Indicator Arrays

COBOL to SQL Data Type Mapping

SQL TYPEs

Cursors

Declaring a Cursor

Opening a Cursor

Using a Cursor to Retrieve Data

Closing a Cursor

Positioned UPDATE and DELETE Statements

Using Cursors

Data Structures

SQL Communications Area (SQLCA)

Using the SQLCA

The SQLCODE Variable

The SQLSTATE Variable

The Warning Flags

The WHENEVER Statement

SQLERRM

SQLERRD

COBSQL

DB2 LUW

The SQL Descriptor Area (SQLDA)

COBSQL

Using the SQLDA

The PREPARE and DESCRIBE Statements

The FETCH Statement

The OPEN or EXECUTE Statements

The DESCRIBE Statement

Dynamic SQL

Dynamic SQL Statement Types

Execute a Statement Once

Execute a Statement More Than Once

Select a Given List of Data

Select any Amount of Data

Preparing Dynamic SQL Statements

Place Holders

Physical Location of PREPARE Statement

Executing Dynamic SQL Statements

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE Statement

FREE Statement (COBSQL Informix)

Dynamic SQL Statements and Cursors

CALL Statements

Specifying an SQL Preprocessor and Compiler Directive Options

Compiling SQL Applications

Compiling Multiple Program Modules

Creating Debug Files

OpenESQL

OpenESQL Preprocessor Options

Setting the OpenESQL Preprocessor and Compiler Directive Options

SQL Code Generation Options

Scope - OpenESQL SQL Compiler Directive Options

OpenESQL DBMAN Use Case Scenarios

OpenESQL Datetime Data Type Handling

OpenESQL Fixed-length Character Strings Handling

SQL Syntax Checking with OpenESQL

SQL(CHECK) and Schema Objects

SQL(CHECK) Command-line Options

SQL Statement Prefixes for SQL(CHECK)

OpenESQL Embedded SQL Cursor Behavior and Performance

Embedded SQL Cursors in Older Applications

Database Connections

Programming for OpenESQL

Working With OpenESQL Cursors and Result Sets

Working with Stored Procedures and Result Sets

Unicode Support in OpenESQL

OpenESQL Globalization Best Practices

Keywords

ODBC

Demonstration Applications

ODBC Drivers and Data Source Names

Using OpenESQL with ODBC

Managing Transactions

JDBC

JNDI DataSource Objects

Database Connections

Connect Using a JNDI DataSource Object

Connect Using a JDBC Connection String

Sharing Database Connections Between Java and COBOL

Using OpenESQL with JDBC

Compiling JDBC Applications from the Command Line

Configuring the JDBC Run-time Environment

JVM Host Variables in Managed Code

DB2

Demonstration Applications

DB2 External Compiler Module

Compound SQL

Extensions to Embedded SQL Support

The INCLUDE Statement

The DECLARE Statement

Qualified Host Variables

Host Variable Groups and Indicator Arrays

The NOT Operator (¬)

The Concat Operator (|)

SQL Communications Area

Support for Object Oriented COBOL Syntax

Support for Nested COBOL programs

Compiling

Setting the DB2 ECM Preprocessor and Compiler Directive Options

DB2 Compiler Directive

Error Codes

Building Applications

Stand-alone DB2 Applications

Client DB2 Applications and Stored Procedures

Binding

COBSQL

Setting the COBSQL Preprocessor and Compiler Directive Options

Using the CP Preprocessor to Expand Copybooks

Troubleshooting

Common Problem Areas

Oracle Considerations

Oracle 8 (and later) Directives for COBSQL

Migration and Development

Oracle 8 and Micro Focus COBOL

Sybase Considerations

Informix Considerations

How to

JDBC

To install and configure Simple-JNDI

To create a JNDI DataSource object

Reference

OpenESQL

Embedded SQL Statements

BEGIN DECLARE SECTION

QUERY ODBC

QUERY ODBC - Column Query

QUERY ODBC - Data Type Query

QUERY ODBC - Table Query

RESET CONNECTION

ROLLBACK

SAVEPOINT

SELECT DISTINCT (using DECLARE CURSOR)

SET TRANSACTION ISOLATION

SQL Compiler Directive Options

BEHAVIOR

Primitive Directives

DBMAN Directive Settings

JDBC Driver Classes

JDBC URLs

Sample DataSource Object Files

SQL/COBOL Data Type Mappings

OpenESQL Messages

SQLSTATE Values

SQLCODE Values

OpenESQL Preprocessor Error Messages

COBES0002 token is badly defined.

COBES0003 Program contains more than one definition of token

COBES0004 Nested or multi-source programs not allowed.

COBES0005 An error occurred when processing the internal dictionary.

COBES0006 No DB engine could be found.

COBES0007 Source file name is invalid.

COBES0010 OESQL rejected an unspecified option.

COBES0022 The directive SQL(DBMAN=ODBC) is not supported under Personal Edition.

COBES0023 The SQL(DBMAN) directive option is not supported with native applications.

COBES0024 The SQL(DBMAN) directive option is not supported with JDBC applications.

COBES0100 SQL incompatible with MAINFRAME

COBES0101 Statement is too long.

COBES0102 Statement contains too many host variables.

COBES0103 token does not have a suitable definition to be used as a host variable.

COBES0104 Bad SQL data declaration.

COBES0105 Syntax error.

COBES0106 Filename too long.

COBES0107 File token not found.

COBES0108 token is not unique and should be qualified.

COBES0109 token is not a data item.

COBES0110 Statement contains more than one SQLDA.

COBES0111 token is not a table of null indicator variables.

COBES0112 variable should not be defined with an OCCURS clause.

COBES0113 token should not be a subordinate to an item defined with an OCCURS clause.

COBES0114 Statement only allowed in the Procedure Division.

COBES0115 Statement not allowed in the Procedure Division.

COBES0116 An error occurred when processing the trace file.

COBES0118 Mismatched DECLARE.

COBES0119 Host variable name is too long.

COBES0120 Internal error - dictionary handle is too big.

COB ES0121 Compiler directive SQL (token1=token2) is invalid or badly sequenced - all SQL statements ignored.

COBES0123 Invalid ILTARGET - cannot use ILTARGET(ANYCPU) - must specify ILTARGET(X86) or ILTARGET(X64).

COBES0124 Host or Indicator Variable varname should not be defined in EXEC SQL statement using a subscript.

COBES0125 variable should be defined with an OCCURS clause.

COBES0130 Host variable host-var.group-var is part of a group variable expansion that is not supported in this type of SQL statement.

COBES0201 BEHAVIOR directive not valid unless TARGETDB directive of DB2, ORACLE, or MSSQLSERVER set first.

COBES0202 BEHAVIOR directive not set.

COBES0203 PREFETCH and BEHAVIOR directives are mutually exclusive - cannot set both.

COBES0205 Cannot set directive PF_RO_CURSOR > 1 if RO_CURSOR directive is set to IC_FH.

COBES0206 Cannot set directive PF_RO_CURSOR > 1 if RO_CURSOR directive is set to FORWARD and TARGETDB is MSSQLSERVER.

COBES0207 Cannot set directive PF_UPD_CURSOR > 1 if UPD_CURSOR directive is set to FORWARD.

COBES0208 Cannot set UPD_CURSOR directive to DYNAMIC if TARGETDB directive is set to ORACLE.

COBES0209 Cannot set UPD_CURSOR directive to STATIC if TARGETDB directive is set to MSSQLSERVER.

COBES0222 Invalid Framework target - SQL applications must be built to target the 4.0 .NET Framework.

COBES0223 TARGETDB directive not set.

COBES0900 An internal error occurred.

COBES0901 This error prevents SQL processing from continuing - further EXEC SQL statements will be ignored.

COBES1000W Use of EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA END-EXEC

COBES1002 Statement is not in area B.

COBES1004 token directive is not supported and has been ignored.

DSNTIAR and DSNTIAC

esqlconfig command

DB2

DB2 Compiler Directive Options

CONCURRENTACCESSRESOLUTION

DB2 Environment Variables

HCOBND environment variable (deprecated)

DB2 ECM Error Messages

COBDB0002 - COBDB0013

COBDB0002 token is badly defined.

COBDB0003 Program contains more than one definition of field-name

COBDB0004 Nested or multi-source programs not allowed.

COBDB0005 An error occurred when processing the internal dictionary.

COBDB0006 Required DB software token could not be found.

COBDB0007 Source file name is invalid.

COBDB0008 MF DB2 Connect program missing or invalid.

COBDB0009 MF DB2 Connect program reported error condition token.

COBDB0010 DB2 rejected an unspecified option.

COBDB0011 No database name was specified.

COBDB0012 Functionality only supported in 32-bit mode

COBDB0013 Invalid directive token. IBM supports only precompiled code running as native code.

COBDB0100 - COBDB0115

COBDB0100 SQL error description

COBDB0101 Statement is too long.

COBDB0102 Statement contains too many host variables.

COBDB0103 host-var definition does not match the column type associated with it.

COBDB0104 Bad SQL data declaration.

COBDB0105 Syntax error.

COBDB0106 Filename too long.

COBDB0107 File filename not found.

COBDB0108 host-var is non-unique and should be qualified.

COBDB0109 host-var is not a data item.

COBDB0110 Statement contains more than one SQLDA.

COBDB0111 token is not a table of null indicator variables.

COBDB0112 host-var should not be defined with an OCCURS clause.

COBDB0113 host-var should not be a subordinate to an item defined with an OCCURS clause.

COBDB0114 Statement only allowed in the Procedure Division.

COBDB0115 Statement not allowed in the PROCEDURE DIVISION.

COBDB0116 - COBDB0137

COBDB0116 An error occurred when processing the trace file.

COBDB0117 Invalid format of compound SQL statement.

COBDB0118 Mismatched DECLARE.

COBDB0119 Host variable name is too long.

COBDB0120 Internal error - dictionary handle is too big.

COBDB0121 Package name is too long.

COBDB0122 Nested INCLUDEs not supported

COBDB0127 Parentheses are illegal in the INTO clause.

COBDB0131 SQLCA or SQLCODE not found.

COBDB0137 Indicator variable ind-var is not SMALLINT type.

COBDB0501 - COBDB0503

COBDB0501 Found variable expected END-EXEC in nested include.

COBDB0502 Found variable expected INCLUDE in nested EXEC SQL statement.

COBDB0503 Found variable expected SQL in nested EXEC statement.

COBDB0900 - COBDB1004

COBDB0900 An internal error occurred.

COBDB0901 SQL processing cannot continue.

COBDB1000 Use of EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA END-EXEC.

COBDB1001 MF DB2 Connect program produced the warning token.

COBDB1002 Statement is not in area B.

COBDB1004 INVALID SQL STATEMENT - statement ignored.

COBSQL

PREPROCESS(cobsql)

COBOL Directives

COBSQL Compiler Directive Options

END-COBSQL, END-C, END

COBSQL Messages

CSQL-I-001 to CSQL-E-023

CSQL-I-001: COBSQL has finished returning to the Checker

CSQL-I-003: COBSQLTYPE is incorrect defaulting to Oracle

CSQL-I-004: Accepted COBSQL-directive

CSQL-I-005: Passing precompiler-directive

CSQL-I-006: Rejected COBSQL-directive

CSQL-F-007: COBSQL/Checker incompatible -- Terminating

CSQL-I-008: Invoking integrated-preprocessor Preprocessor

CSQL-F-009: Irrecoverable error in integrated-preprocessor -- Terminating

CSQL-F-010: Irrecoverable error writing STK record

CSQL-F-011: Environment unsupported by COBSQL/Informix

CSQL-F-012: INFORMIXDIR must be set for Informix Support

CSQL-F-013: Unable to access: filename

CSQL-F-015: DOS Exec error Return Code is return-code

CSQL-F-016: UNIX Exec error Return Code is Return-Code

CSQL-I-017: Creating filename

CSQL-I-018: Invoking precompiler Precompiler/Translator

CSQL-F-019: Irrecoverable error Opening STK file

CSQL-I-020: Processing output of precompiler Precompiler

CSQL-F-021: Precompiler did not complete -- Terminating

CSQL-F-022: Irrecoverable error Reopening ORG file

CSQL-E-023: File Status file-status

CSQL-E-024 to CSQL-F-050

CSQL-E-024: Encountered an I/O on file filename

CSQL-F-025: Unable to Create virtual-heap

CSQL-F-026: Premature end of expanded source.

CSQL-I-027: Detected Working Section, now processing it

CSQL-I-028: Now processing through Procedure Division

CSQL-I-029: Found an EXEC SQL Statement, processing it

CSQL-E-036: Unable to open the precompiler file: filename

CSQL-F-037: Wrong Version of COBOL used, please upgrade

CSQL-I-038: The following directive is now Obsolete: COBSQL-directive

CSQL-I-039: The ORG & the CBL files were out of synch

CSQL-W-040: Pro*COBOL commented out the following line: source-line

CSQL-F-041: Cannot read the COBOL runtime switches

CSQL-F-042: Cannot set the COBOL runtime switches

CSQL-F-046: Command line is too large. Maximum length is 1140 characters

CSQL-F-047: Cobsql cannot be used with the SOURCEFORMAT directive.

CSQL-F-048: Cobsql is not supported for use with managed code.

SQL Data Types

Integer Data Types

Small Integer

Integer

Big Integer

Character Data Types

Fixed-length Character Strings

Variable-length Character Strings

Large Character Strings (CLOB)

Unicode Character Strings

Unicode Variable-length Character Strings

Unicode Large Character Strings (DBCLOB)

DBCS Character Strings

DBCS Variable-length Character Strings

DBCS Large Character Strings

XML Data Type

Numeric Data Types

Approximate Numeric Data Types

Exact Numeric Data Types

Unicode Numeric Data Types

Binary Data Types

Fixed-length Binary Strings

Variable-length Binary Strings

Large Binary Strings (BLOB)

Date and Time Data Types

Locator Data Types

BLOB-LOCATOR Data Type

CLOB-LOCATOR Data Type

DBCLOB-LOCATOR Data Type

File Data Types

BLOB-FILE Data Type

CLOB-FILE Data Type

DBCLOB-FILE Data Type

Miscellaneous Data Types

SQL TYPEs

TIMESTAMP-OFFSET-RECORD

VARBINARY

XML

Data Structures

The SQLCA Data Structure

The SQLDA Data Structure

Keywords

Data Files

Data File Tools

Data File Editor

Current Restrictions

Accessing Data File Editor

Launching Data File Editor from a Shell Prompt

Preferences

Set the Editor Preferences

Using the Data File Editor

Creating Data Files

Create a Non-indexed Data File

Create an Indexed Data File

Editing Data Files

Working with Data Sets in Enterprise Server

Opening a Data Set in Enterprise Server

Enterprise Server Error Messages

Insert a Record

Edit an Unformatted Record

Edit a Formatted Record

Layout and Field Validation

Fix Validation Warnings

Edit a Record Using Hexadecimal Values

Delete a record

Profile Files

Viewing and Filtering Data Files

View File Information

Filtering a Data File

Filter the Data File

Filter Operators

Navigate a Data File

Show the Contents of a Data File in Hexadecimal

Select the Encoding for a Data File

Order a Data File using Indexed Keys

Backing Up Data Files

Back up a data file

Using the Classic Record Layout Editor

Create a Structure File and Record Layouts

File Conversion Utilities

DFCONV Batch File Conversion

Operation

Command Line Batch Interface

The DFCONV call batch interface

Using the Data File Converter

File Format and Data Conversion

EBCDIC to ANSI Conversion

Mainframe to PC Print Conversion

Indexed File Reorganization

Defining File Conversion with a Profile File

Specifying the Conversion Operation

Specifying the Input File Parameters

Output File Specifications

General Conversion Information

Data File Converter Error Messages

Rebuild

Redirection of Information

Command Line

Option Files

Rebuild Options

Reorganizing Indexed Files

Rebuilding a Corrupt Indexed File

Converting a File

Validating an Indexed File

Rebuild through Fileshare

Callable Rebuild

Rebuild Examples

Configurable Codesets

The Codecomp Utility

The Codeset Mapping File Format

Supported Country Codes

How to...

To customize character set conversion

To change the current character set for command-line utilities

To install a CCSID table

Database Connectors for Visual COBOL 3.0

Database Connectors User's Guide

Database Connectors Overview

Relational Database Management Systems Support

Accessing Data

Database Concepts

How Database Connectors Works

What Is a Transparent Interface?

XFDs and Mapping

Summary

Getting Started

Licensing

The Demonstration Program

XFDs

XFD Files

How XFDs are Formed

Defaults Used in XFD Files

KEY IS Phrase

REDEFINES Clause

Summary of XFD Fields

Identical Field Names

Long Field Names

Naming the XFD File

Forming the Final XFD Name

Mapping Other Files to an XFD

Using XFD Directives

Line Continuation for Complex XFDs

XFD Directive Syntax

Supported XFD Directives

Invalid Data

Illegal COBOL Data

Invalid Key Data

Invalid Data Other Than Keys

Invalid Database Data

Working with COBOL

Examples of Preparing and Compiling a Program

Example 1 - Compiling with just the CREATEXFD directive

Example 2 - Compiling with the WHEN XFD Directive

Example 3 - Using Additional XFD Directives

New and Existing Databases

Default Behavior

Accessing Existing Database Files

How Do I Match Existing Text Fields?

How Do I Match Existing Numeric Fields?

Field Names

Resolving Name Conflicts

File Handling Configuration

Configuring the File Handler

Run Time System Configuration

ACUFH Configuration Variables

Database Connectors for DB2

DB2 Concepts Overview

Transactions

Record-locking Issues in Transactions

Database Connectors and Record Locking

Client Configuration

Setting Up the User Environment

Designating the Host Data Source

Configuring the File Handler

Filename Translation

Decimal Points

ACUFH Configuration File Variables for DB2

Record and Table Locking

Limits and Ranges

Data Type Mapping

Run-Time System Errors

Common Questions and Answers

Database Connectors for Oracle

Oracle Concepts Overview

Transactions

Record Locking Issues in Transactions

Database Connectors and Record Locking

The open_cursors Parameter

Table Ownership

Security

Client Configuration

Oracle's Instant Client

Checking System Parameters

Setting Up a User Account

Setting Up the User Environment

Configuring the File Handler

Setting Up the Search Path

Handling Transactions

Filename Translation

ACUFH Configuration File Variables for Oracle

Using the Database Table

Unsupported Features

Limits and Ranges

Data Type Mapping

Run-Time System Errors

Common Questions and Answers

Performance and Troubleshooting

Performance Issues

Guidelines

Guideline 1 - Database Administrator

Guideline 2 - Understand COBOL Operations and Database Operations

Guideline 3 - Program and Database Interaction

Guideline 4 - Plan for Growth

The WHERE Constraint

Troubleshooting

Setting External Variables

Compiler Errors

Run-Time System Errors

Using the FILE_TRACE ACUFH Configuration Variable

Questions and Answers

Database Connectors Tasks

To Configure a Login

To create an error map

To enable tracing for Database Connectors connections

To prepare your program for execution using Database Connectors

To set the system parameters

To Set Up a Service Name for an Oracle Database

To Set Up The DB2 User Environment

To compile and run the demo program

To Test the Installation of Oracle's Instant Client

To use the WHERE constraint from COBOL

Database Connectors Reference

Configuration Variables

4GL_2000_CUTOFF configuration variable

4GL_8_DIGIT_CUTOFF configuration variable

4GL_COLUMN_CASE configuration variable

4GL_COMMIT_COUNT configuration variable

4GL_CONVERT_DATE_ZERO configuration variable

4GL_DB_MAP configuration variable

4GL_FULL_DATA_TEST configuration variable

4GL_IGNORED_SUFFIX_LIST configuration variable

4GL_ILLEGAL_DATA configuration variable

4GL_JULIAN_BASE_DATE configuration variable

4GL_WHERE_CONSTRAINT configuration variable

A_DB2_ALTERNATE_COMMIT_LOGIC configuration variable

A_DB2_CATALOG configuration variable

A_DB2_DATASOURCE configuration variable

A_DB2_ERROR_MAP_FILE configuration variable

A_DB2_ISOLATION_LEVEL configuration variable

A_DB2_LOCK_METHOD configuration variable

A_DB2_LOGIN configuration variable

A_DB2_PASSWD configuration variable

A_DB2_STRICT_EQUAL configuration variable

A_DB2_TABLE_TYPES configuration variable

A_DB2_USE_CATALOG configuration variable

A_DB2_USE_CHAR_FOR_BINARY configuration variable

A_MSSQL_LIMIT_DROPDOWN configuration variable

A_MSSQL_NO_CACHED_READ configuration variable

A_MSSQL_SEPARATE_LOCK_CONN configuration variable

A_ORA_DATABASE configuration variable

A_ORA_HINTS configuration variable

A_ORA_MAX_FILE_CURSORS configuration variable

A_ORA_NLS_SORT configuration variable

A_ORA_WAIT_LOCK configuration variable

A_ORACLE_ERROR_FILE configuration variable

COMMIT_COUNT configuration variable

FILE_TRACE configuration variable

FILE TRACE FLUSH

ORA_LOGIN configuration variable

ORA_PASSWD configuration variable

USER_PATH (for Oracle) configuration variable

USER_PATH (for DB2) configuration variable

XFD_DIRECTORY configuration variable

XFD_MAP configuration variable

XFD_MAP_RESETS configuration variable

XFD_PREFIX configuration variable

Error Messages

Run Time - File Status Errors

01 Read error on dictionary file

02 Corrupt dictionary file

04 Open error

04 Too many fields in the key

05 Too many fields in the key (more than 16 for Oracle)

12 DB2 library function returned an unexpected error

13 Illegal size or type of data for variable xxx

14 More than one table with the same name

1001 Invalid Cursor

22007 Invalid Character value for Cast Specification

Compiler Errors

Bad picture for DATE: keyname

Data missing from key segment keyname

Directive word too long: keyname

Field xxx causes duplicate database data

GROUP expected after USE

Missing '=' in XFD directive

Missing field name after WHEN

Value should be a literal: xxx

Value should be a name: xxx

Value should be numeric: xxx

Variable file name requires FILE directive

WHEN variable xxx not found in record

xxx not unique in first 30 characters

xxx: unknown XFD directive

XFD Directives

ALPHA XFD directive

BINARY XFD directive

COBOL-TRIGGER XFD directive

COMMENT XFD directive

NUMERIC XFD directive

SECONDARY_TABLE XFD directive

USE GROUP XFD directive

VAR_LENGTH XFD directive

WHEN XFD directive

WHEN Complex Expressions

XSL XFD directive

Compiler Directives Affecting XFD Creation

CREATEXFD XFD directive

File Handling

File Handling Examples

Example of Data and Key Compression

External Files

Example External Files

File Handler

Example Configuration File

Example of Creating a New Index File

Example of Accessing the FCD

Example of Setting Up the Record Area

Example of Setting up the Filename Area

File Names

Examples of static filename assignment

Example of dynamic filename assignment

Example of external filename assignment

Examples of device name assignment

Example of Forced Filename Mapping

Example of Connecting a File to Standard Output

Example of Connecting a File to Standard Input

Example of Setting up a Two-way Pipe

Example of using the External File Mapper

Example of Specifying a Fileshare Client User ID and Password

Example Fileshare Client Configuration File

File Status

Example of Displaying File Status Codes

Example of Checking File Status Codes

Example of Extended File Status Codes

Indexed Files

Example of Indexed File Definition

Example of Primary Key Definition

Example of Alternate Key Definition

Example of Duplicate Key Definition

Example of Sparse Key Definition

Example of Indexed File Access Definition

Example of Creating Fixed-length Records

Example of Creating Variable Length Records

MFSORT

Example Mfsort Command Line

Example Mfsort Fields Instruction

Example Mfsort Key Instruction

Example Mfsort Instruction File

Rebuild

Example of Reorganizing an Indexed File

Example of recovering a corrupt indexed file

Example of using Rebuild to convert a file

Example of validating the structure of an indexed file

Example of a Rebuild options file

Example of calling Rebuild from a COBOL program

Example Relative File Definition

Sequential Files

Example Record Sequential File Definition - Fixed-length Records

Example Record Sequential File Definition - Variable Length Records

Example Line Sequential File Definition

Example Printer Sequential File Definition

File Handling Guide

Introduction

Micro Focus File Handler

File Organizations

Fixed-length and Variable-length Records

Sequential Files

Record Sequential Files

Line Sequential Files

Printer Sequential Files

Indexed Files

File Headers

Filenames

Filename Conventions

Assigning Filenames

Static Filename Assignment

Dynamic Filename Assignment

External Filename Assignment

Library Names in Paths

Filename Mapping

Multiple Paths

Library Names

Assigning Device Names

Setting Up Pipes

File Status

Defining a File Status Data Item

File Status Conventions

ANSI'85 File Status

ANSI'74 File Status

File Status Conversions

Extended File Status Codes

Sharing Files

Sharing mode

Record Locking

Manual and Automatic Record Locking

Manual Record Locking

Automatic Record Locking

Single and Multiple Record Locking

Single Record Locking

Multiple Record Locking

Handling Record Locks

Releasing Record Locks

File Status Codes

File Handler Configuration

Configuration File

Configurable Behavior

Large Indexed Files

File Striping (deprecated)

Headers in Striped Files (deprecated)

Options (deprecated)

MAXSTRIPEDIGITS (deprecated)

MAXSTRIPEFILES (deprecated)

MAXSTRIPESIZE (deprecated)

STRIPE-X (deprecated)

STRIPENAMETYPE (deprecated)

STRIPING (deprecated)

Examples (deprecated)

Performance

File Handler and Sort APIs

Calling the File Handler

File Control Description (FCD)

Data Structures

Record Area

Filename Area

Key Definition Block

Global Information Area

Key Definition Area

Component Definition Area

Accessing the FCD

Operation Codes

Relative Byte Addressing

Read a Record

Rewrite a Record

Delete a Record

Creating Your Own File Handler

Dynamic Redirection to a Custom File Handler

Redirection Using Configurable DYNREDIR

Specifying a List of Custom File Handlers

Specifying Configurable Custom File Handlers

Writing a Custom File Handler

Restrictions

Creating a New Index File

Sort Utilities

Invoking Mfsort

Instructions

FIELDS Instruction

Field Types

Defining Input and Output Files

RECORD Instruction

ORG Instruction

KEY Instruction

Creating a Statistics Report

Example Commands

Sorting Using More Than One File

Character Sort in Ascending Order

Numeric Sort in Descending Order

Omitting Records

Single File Sort Using INCLUDE and a Sub-string Comparison

Single File Sort Using Environment Variables

Transforming Records Using OUTREC

Sort Using OUTFIL for Complex Reporting

Data and Key Compression

Data Compression

Key Compression

Compression of Trailing Nulls

Compression of Trailing Spaces

Compression of Leading Characters

Compression of Duplicate Keys

Example of Using Data and Key Compression

Compression Routines

Micro Focus Compression Routines

Calling a Micro Focus Compression Routine

User-supplied Compression Routines

Tracing File Operations

Configuring Tracing and Logging

Dynamic Tracing

Using the FCD to Control Tracing

Using Library Routines to Control Tracing

File Systems

32-bit file systems

64-bit file systems

File systems and FILEMAXSIZE

Fileshare Guide

Introduction

Specifying the Communications Protocol

How Fileshare Works

Standard Operation

Fileshare Client

Specifying the Fileshare Server

As a Filename

In a Configuration File

Configuring Your Fileshare Client

Fileshare Client Configuration Options

Example Client Configuration File

Using the File Handling Redirector Module

FHREDIR Return Codes

Fileshare Server

Configuring the Fileshare Server

Specifying a Fileshare Server Name

Specifying the Communications Protocol

Fileshare Server Configuration Options

Example Server Configuration File

Starting the Fileshare Server

Stopping the Fileshare Server

Configuring CCI Communications for Fileshare

About Fileshare Communications

Specifying the Communications Protocol

Using CCITCP

Using UNIX named pipes: ccinampu

Logging Fileshare Messages: CCI Trace

Using Multiple Protocols with Test Programs

Configuring the CCI Timeout

Database Integrity

Transaction Processing

Automatic Record Lock Timeout

Transaction Processing - Fileshare Client

Transaction Processing - Fileshare Server

Recovery Logging

Basic Recovery Logging

Advanced Recovery Logging

Enabling Advanced Recovery Logging

Fileshare Exit Procedure - fsexitproc.cbl

Viewing the Log Files

Fileshare Recovery

Basic Rollforward Recovery

Advanced Rollforward Recovery

Advanced Rollback Recovery

Database Sequence Numbering

Database Sequence Numbers - Fileshare Server

Database Backup and Recovery

Automatic Database Backup and Rollforward Recovery

Hot Backups

Running a Hot Backup

Database Reference File Maintenance

Recovery Log File Records

Disk Space Warning (/p)

Flushing the Log File (/lc)

Erasing a Log File Record (/e)

Alternative Filename (/af)

Filename Record

Virtual File Handler (/ap)

Data and Key Compression (/k)

Disable Logging (/o l)

Disable Database Sequence Numbering (/o s)

Disable Transaction Processing (/o t)

Erasing a Filename Record

Erasing a File String Record

File String Record

Best Practices Basic Logging

Backup Folder Record

Best Practices for Backup and Recovery

Best Practices Advanced Logging

Security

Password System

Fileshare Client

Fileshare Server

Writing Your Own FHRdrLngPwd Module

Logon Validation Module

File Access Validation Module

Password File Maintenance

User-ID Groups

Supervisor Mode

Advanced Operation

Running Fileshare as a Background Process

The NFILES Setting

Single User Mode

Filename Mapping

Fileshare Server

Data and Key Compression

Data and Key Compression - Fileshare Server

Virtual File Handler Interface

Fileshare Server

Monitoring Fileshare

Fileshare Manager

Fileshare Manager Configuration

Byte-stream I/O Calls

FS_LOCATE_FILE

FS_SPLIT_FILENAME and FS_JOIN_FILENAME

Performance Considerations

Fileshare Performance on UNIX

Large File Support with Fileshare

Error Handling

Fileshare Extended Status Codes

Communications Errors

Transaction Processing Errors

Fileshare Server Messages

Messages from FS001-S to FS050-W

FS001-S The parameter "text " is not recognized as a valid parameter.

FS004-S The parameter "text " specifies a time-out value that is invalid.

FS005-S The parameter "text " is too long or invalid.

FS006-S The parameter "text " has already been specified.

FS007-S Invalid parameter combination.

FS008-S Communications Initialization Failure.

FS009-S The required communications module cannot be found.

FS011-W Communications send failure.

FS012-W Communications disconnect failure.

FS013-W Communications receive error.

FS014-W Communications data length not as expected.

FS015-W Request from unknown user - request rejected.

FS016-S The parameter "text " is invalid.

FS017-S Unable to open the file : filename.

FS018-S Log file corrupt - unrecognizable record in file.

FS019-S Log file corrupt - can't read header.

FS020-S The log file does not match the database sequence numbers - recovery aborted.

FS021-S There is no log filename specified in the database reference file.

FS022-S The log filename given cannot be found in the database reference file.

FS024-S Failed to open log file : filename.

FS025-S Write failure to the log file, Fileshare Server is closing down.

FS026-W Failed to close the log file.

FS027-S A second log file parameter has been found.

FS028-W The log file shows the last session was not shut down successfully.

FS029-S The log filename is already specified in the database reference file.

FS030-S Insufficient disk space to continue logging to log file.

FS031-I Record lock time-out failure on user : user.

FS034-S A filename or log file parameter must be specified.

FS035-S A database reference file must be specified.

FS037-I The file filename does not have a file header record. Sequence checking is switched off for this file.

FS038-S A matching sequence number not found in filename.

FS039-S Improperly closed file - filename.

FS040-S Unable to read the file header record in the file filename.

FS041-S Unable to update the sequence number in the file filename.

FS042-S Unable to open the database reference file: filename.

FS043-S The database reference file contains an invalid entry.

FS044-S Error reading the database reference file.

FS045-W Duplicate filename specified in the database reference file.

FS050-W A log file is not specified in the database reference file.

Messages from FS051-W to FS099-W

FS051-W Failure to allocate a larger buffer, the I-O request failed.

FS052-S Failure to allocate required memory. The Fileshare Server is closing down.

FS055-S The parameter "text " specifies a configuration file that does not exist.

FS056-S The parameter "text " specifies a data compression value that is not within the range 0-255.

FS057-S The parameter "text " specifies a key compression value that is not within the range 0-7.

FS058-S Failure to allocate memory for the decompression of the log file.

FS059-S Failure to allocate the memory required for processing the database reference file.

FS062-S Failure creating the password file filename.

FS063-S Failure opening the password file filename.

FS064-S Failure reading the password file filename.

FS065-S The password file is not of a recognized format.

FS066-S The specified user name already exists in the password file.

FS068-I The password file is now empty and has been deleted.

FS069-S The specified entry could not be found in the password file.

FS070-S Failure writing to the password file.

FS071-W Unable to load the module FHXSCOMP to decompress the data area.

FS072-S The parameter "text " contains a wild card which is not allowed with this parameter.

FS073-S Failure to allocate memory to process the password file.

FS074-S The Fileshare Server (NLM) failed to log on to NetWare with the login id specified.

FS075-W Unable to load the module FSSECLOG - LOGON has been denied.

FS076-W Unable to load the module FSSECOPN - OPEN has been denied.

FS077-S A Fileshare Server of the same name has already been defined - the Fileshare Server is closing down.

FS078-S No password file has been specified for the use of background mode.

FS079-S A supervisor password entry must exist for the use of background mode.

FS080-S No password file has been specified for the use of the synchronous communications mode.

FS081-S A supervisor password must be specified in the password file for the synchronous communications mode.

FS082-S The Netbios communications protocol is not responding. Ensure the requester software is loaded and functional.

FS083-S Incompatible CCIIPX.NLM version.

FS084-I Fileshare Server is starting.

FS085-I Fileshare Server is active.

FS086-I Fileshare Server is closing down.

FS087-I Fileshare Server has closed down.

FS089-I Database Reference File Maintenance Utility.

FS090-I Database Reference File installation completed successfully.

FS091-I Rollforward Recovery Utility

FS092-I Rollforward Recovery has completed.

FS094-I Password File Maintenance Utility.

FS096-I Password File installation has completed.

FS097-I Are you sure that you wish to close down the Fileshare Server ? (Y/N)

FS099-W File I/O status was not as expected. Returned status: status Expected status: status Action code: text File: filename.

Messages from FS101-I to FS149-I

FS101-I text -- parameter has been accepted.

FS103-I The log filename has been added to the database reference file.

FS104-I The log file cannot be found, creating a new recovery log file.

FS105-W The disk free space for the log file is below acceptable limits.

FS106-I filename - added to database reference file.

FS107-I filename - removed from the database reference file.

FS108-I Processing the files specified in the database reference file.

FS109-W The file filename does not exist.

FS110-I filename - OK.

FS111-W Files are still open. Continue to close down the Fileshare Server (Y/N) ?

FS114-W Waiting for the old log file to be removed.

FS118-I The database sequence number matches the sequence number in the log file, no recovery is needed.

FS122-I Communications too busy on CCI SEND - retrying.

FS123-I Communications too busy on CCI RECEIVE - retrying.

FS124-I Checking the validity of the log file, please wait.

FS125-I Recovery possible to last valid recovery log file record.

FS126-I Performing recovery, please wait.

FS127-S Invalid name mapping command.

FS128-W Fileshare Server closedown invoked by Stop Run processing.

FS129-I The Fileshare Server is still active.

FS130-I Reading database reference file, please wait.

FS131-W Invalid communications mode - parameter ignored.

FS132-I The Fileshare Server is running with the following communication protocol(s):

FS133-I Processing the password file, please wait.

FS134-I The password file cannot be found - creating a new password file.

FS135-I Fileshare Server security is active.

FS136-I Fileshare Server security is not active.

FS138-W The log file has been backed up and a new one has been created.

FS139-I A matching date and time entry has been found in the log file.

FS140-I No matching date and time entry has been found in the log file.

FS142-W The Operating System does not permit the log file to be flushed to disk.

FS143-W The Operating System does not allow free disk space information to be obtained.

FS144-W More than one communications protocol has been specified - synchronous communications mode not active.

FS145-W Fileshare Client disconnected, cannot contact user: text.

FS146-W Unexpected action code, action-code - discarded.

FS147-I A duplicate network message was received and discarded.

FS148-I CCI return-code (function func) = code.

FS149-I CCI SEND not complete, status will be checked later.

Messages from FS151-I to FS200-W

FS151-I CCI message size received = text. Indicated send message size = text

FS153-I The Fileshare Server name has been reregistered on the network.

FS154-I Please enter the FSVIEW supervisor password to enable the use of CCI Trace.

FS155-I Password accepted - CCI Trace is enabled. Do you want CCI Trace active immediately? (Y/N)

FS156-W Incorrect password - CCI Trace is disabled.

FS158-I CCI Trace activated.

FS159-I CCI Trace switched off.

FS160-I Fileshare trace activated.

FS161-I Fileshare trace switched off.

FS163-I Input useropcode [filename-1] [ filename-2].

FS170-I Input- Logon.

FS171-I Input- Logoff user.

FS172-I Input- Find File userfilename.

FS173-I Output- userstatus.

FS176-W There is no backup directory specified in the database reference file.

FS177-S The backup directory specified cannot be found in the database reference file.

FS178-I The backup directory has been added to the database reference file.

FS179-S A backup directory is already specified in the database reference file.

FS180-W The log filename specified has an extension. The name of the log file has been changed to "filename".

FS182-W Output- Access Denied

FS188-W Fileshare Server database reference file installation completed with errors.

FS189-W The backup directory does not exist.

FS190-W The backup directory specifies the name of an existing file.

FS191-W An error occurred accessing the backup directory.

FS192-S More than one log file exists in the log file directory.

FS193-S Unable to open the log file.

FS194-I The log file "filename-1" has been backed up successfully to "filename-2".

FS195-I The Fileshare Server is using the log file "filename".

FS196-W Unable to create the log file "filename".

FS197-S Unable to create the log file "filename".

FS198-W The attempt to backup the log file failed because the backup file "filename" already exists.

FS199-S The attempt to backup the log file failed because the backup file "filename" already exists.

FS200-W The attempt to backup the log file to "filename" failed.

Messages from FS201-S to FS252-S

FS201-S The attempt to backup the log file to "filename" failed.

FS202-I The Fileshare Server will continue logging to the log file "filename".

FS203-I The Fileshare Server is appending to the log file "filename".

FS204-W The Fileshare Server is unable to log to the log file "filename". Rollforward recovery logging is disabled.

FS205-W Unable to remove the old recovery log file "filename".

FS206-S There is more than one starter log file. The Recovery Utility is unable to determine which one to use.

FS207-I There is no starter log file in the log file directory.

FS208-S There is no starter log file in the backup directory.

FS209-I A starter log file has been located in the backup directory.

FS210-S There is more than one starter log file in the backup directory.

FS211-S An error occurred checking the header on the log file "filename".

FS212-I The Rollforward Recovery Utility is processing the log file "filename".

FS213-W Unable to locate the continuation log file "filename" in the log file directory.

FS214-I Searching for a backed up log file in the log file directory.

FS215-I Searching for a backed up log file in the backup directory.

FS216-I No backed up starter log file can be found in the log file directory.

FS217-I No backed up starter log file can be found in the backup directory.

FS218-I No backed up continuation log file can be found in the log file directory.

FS219-I No backed up continuation log file can be found in the backup directory.

FS220-I A backed up starter log file has been found in the log file directory.

FS221-I A backed up starter log file has been found in the backup directory.

FS222-I A backed up continuation log file has been found in the log file directory.

FS223-I A backed up continuation log file has been found in the backup directory.

FS224-S The log file directory contains more than one backed up starter log file.

FS225-S The backup directory contains more than one backed up starter log file.

FS227-W Failure to set Fileshare Server's access rights.

FS228-I CCI SEND status checked.

FS229-I Unrecognized CCI session ID - could not disconnect user.

FS230-I User : user-IDuser-name

FS231-S The parameter "nnn" is not numeric.

FS232-I Date : date.

FS233-W Unable to set the maximum amount of dynamic memory to the limit specified.

FS234-W The parameter "text " specifies a memory limit below the minimum of 6 Mbytes allowed.

FS235-W Failure to allocate memory for incomplete CCI SEND processing.

FS236-I The log file name has been removed from the database reference file.

FS237-S The next log file to use filename already exists, unable to back up current log file.

FS237-W The next log file to use filename already exists, unable to back up current log file.

FS238-I Terminating communications with this user.

FS239-I Output - user Record locked. Retry operation.

FS240-I Output - user File locked. Retry operation.

FS241-I Output - user Insufficient log file disk space. Retry operation.

FS243-S Failure backing up the file filename1 to filename2.

FS244-S Failure restoring the backed up file filename1 to filename2.

FS245-S Failure deleting the log file filename.

FS246-I Backing up database files to directory backup directory. Please wait.

FS247-I Restoring database files from directory backup directory. Please wait.

FS248-I Commencing automatic Fileshare Recovery.

FS249-I Restarting Fileshare Server.

FS250-I Deleting all unwanted log files.

FS251-S Logging must be activated for all files when specifying a backup directory.

FS252-S Failure deleting the file filename.

Messages from FS301 - FS400

FS302-S Unable to continue - A log file already exists

Using COBOL and Java Together

Java and COBOL Interoperability Options

Considerations

Setting Up the Environment for Java and COBOL

Java/COBOL Application Launcher

Using the Java/COBOL Application Launcher from the Command Line

Compiling COBOL Programs that Call Java

Compiling COBOL Programs that Are Used from the CobolBean interface

Linking to the Multi-threaded Run-time System

Calling Procedural COBOL from Java

Overview - Calling Procedural COBOL from Java

Coding Your Java Program

Multi-threading Considerations

Loading a COBOL Program or Library

Using the cobcall() Methods

Examples of Calling COBOL from Java

Changing Data Members in a Java Object

Using CobolBean for Instance Data

Canceling a COBOL Program

Handling Strings from a Java Program

Pointer Class

mfjstring

CobolNational Class

Using Custom Records to Pass Group Items

Using JNI with COBOL

Example of Throwing an Exception

Calling Java from OO COBOL

Overview of Calling Java from OO COBOL

Before You Start

Declaring Java Classes

Instantiating Java Objects

Calling Java Methods

Accessing Java Variables

Handling Java Exceptions

Accessing Native Java Objects

Finalizing Java Objects

Calling OO COBOL from Java

Overview - Calling OO COBOL from Java

Before You Start

Writing a Java Class in OO COBOL

Importing the COBOL Support

The Wrapper Class

Adding and Removing Methods

Throwing Exceptions from COBOL

Using BY REFERENCE Parameters

Working with Java Programs

Java Data Types

Java Data Type Conversion Rules

Java Typedefs

Using the Jarray Class

Adding Parameters Using ParameterList()

Using Structures

Creating Custom Records using com.microfocus.cobol.lang.CustomRecord Interface

JVM COBOL Interoperating with Java

Java Calling JVM COBOL

JVM COBOL Calling Java

JVM COBOL Passing Java Instances to Native Procedural COBOL

JVM COBOL Passing Java Instances to Native Object COBOL

Managed COBOL Programming

Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming for COBOL Developers

Native COBOL compared with managed COBOL

Compiling and Calling JVM COBOL Applications as Part of a Package

Producing a Java Property File

Example 1: Locating the Java Property File on the CLASSPATH

Example 2: Locating the Java Property File Directly from COBOL

64-bit applications in the Java environment

Multiple user COBOL applications in Java

Background to multiple run units and Java

Developing an application for multiple run units in Java

Moving Native COBOL Applications to Managed COBOL

What is Managed Code?

Why Move to Managed Code?

Considerations When Moving to Managed Code

Writing Multi-User Applications

Using Java Managed Beans to Manage and Monitor COBOL Applications

Accessing Procedural COBOL From Managed Code

Example of Using a Managed COBOL Wrapper Class

Example of Using the ILSMARTLINKAGE Compiler Directive

Interoperability

Data Marshaling and Type Conversion for Managed Code Interoperation

Type Compatibility in Interoperation with Managed Code

Exposing COBOL Linkage Data as Managed Types

Type Mappings from Native COBOL to Managed Code

Write a Proxy or Edit the COBOL for Managed Interoperation?

JVM COBOL Interoperating with Native COBOL

Calling Native COBOL from JVM COBOL

Passing Parameter Modes for JVM COBOL Calling Native COBOL

Pointers from Native Code to JVM COBOL

Strings in JVM COBOL Interoperation

Arrays of Bytes in JVM COBOL Interoperation

Limitations in JVM COBOL Interoperability

Example of JVM COBOL Interoperation with Native Code

JVM COBOL Interoperating with Java

Java Calling JVM COBOL

JVM COBOL Calling Java

JVM COBOL Passing Java Instances to Native Procedural COBOL

JVM COBOL Passing Java Instances to Native Object COBOL

Mixed Language Programming

Storage Representation of Parameters

Handling Return Codes in Mixed Language Applications

Call Conventions for Interfacing with Mixed Languages

Avoiding data name conflicts

Multi-threaded Programming

Introduction to multi-threading

Multi-threading and the Operating System

Multi-threading and the Application

Multi-threading and the Command Line

Synchronizing Execution and Resolving Contention

Specifying No Multi-threading

Multi-threaded Program Attributes

Serial Programs

Reentrant Programs

Use of Data Attributes

Using Synchronization Primitives

Writing Multi-threaded Applications

Run-time System for Multi-threaded Applications

Thread Safety

Considerations When Creating Reentrant Programs

Multi-threading Library Routines

Thread-control Routines

Thread-synchronization Routines

Routines for Handling Thread-specific Data

Initializing Applications

Manipulating Threads

Thread Handles

Creating and Terminating a Thread

Canceling a Thread

Suspending a Thread

Identifying a Thread

Threads in Other Languages

Canceling Called Programs

Optimizations and Programming Tips

Multi-threading Compiler Directives

Directives for Serial and Reentrant Programs

Directives that Optimize Performance

Performance Programming

Benchmarking your Application

Troubleshooting Performance Issues

Optimizing COBOL Syntax

Optimizing Data Definitions

Speed of Processing of Different Data Types

Aligning Data Items for Efficiency

Optimizing Arithmetic Statements

Optimizing IF Statements

Optimizing Decimal Point Alignment

Optimizing Exponential Operations

Initializing Data Items

Optimizing Data Manipulation and Reference Modification

Optimizing Data Structures

Optimizing Table Handling

Optimizing Conditional Statements

Optimizing Logical Operations

Optimizing PERFORM Statements

Optimizing CALL Statements

Optimizing Parameter Handling

Optimizing File Sorting

Aligning Bit Data Items

Compiler Directives for Optimizing Code

Examples

Example of Inefficient Use of the PERFORM Statement

Example of Optimized Subscripts to Table Elements

Example of Optimizing USAGE DISPLAY Subscripts

Optimizing Other Areas

Database Access

File Handling

Design Considerations

Optimizing File Selection

Optimizing Your Application Using the File Handler Configuration File

Problem Determination and Diagnostic Tools

Protection Violations

Overview - Protection Violations

What Are Protection Violations?

General Protection Violations

COBOL Protection Violations

Unflagged Protection Violations

Correcting Protection Violations

Errors in Non-COBOL Portions of an Application

Parameter Mismatches in a CALL Statement

Stack Overflow

Illegal Reference Modification

Illegal Values for Pointers

Subscript Out of Range

Incorrect Linking Options or Procedures

Debugging Techniques

Consolidated Tracing Facility

To enable CTF tracing

CTF Trace File Formats

Components Traced by CTF

mf.cci Properties

mf.esmq Properties

mf.mffh.fs Properties

mf.mffh.xfh Properties

mf.mffh.xsm Properties

mf.rts Properties

CTF Configuration File

mftrace.application

mftrace.comp.component-name#property

mftrace.dest

mftrace.dest.component-name

mftrace.emitter.emitter-name#property

mftrace.level

mftrace.level.component-name

mftrace.time

Example CTF Configuration Files

CTF Emitter List

BINFILE Emitter Properties

JAVALOGGER Emitter Properties

TEXTFILE Emitter Properties

CTF Tracing Examples

Unit Testing from the Command Line

Writing Tests

Elements of a Test Fixture

Using Dynamic Metadata

Examples of using Metadata

Determining a Test Outcome

Examples - Writing Tests

Simple Test Case Example

Advanced Test Case Example

Compiling Tests

Running Tests

Configuring the Run-Time System Environment

Test Runner Syntax Options

Test Fixture Files

Example Test Fixture File

Example Ant Project

Example - text file results

Viewing Test Results

Example - junit results

Using the Results in Silk Central

Using the Results on a Jenkins CI Server

Dealing with Errors in Your Tests

Programming Tips

Accessing Data on the Command Line from COBOL

Accessing Environment Variables from COBOL

Manipulating Data with Reference Modification and STRING

Writing Recursive Routines

Coding an Intrinsic Function

Manipulating Bits

Examples

Example of Recursion

Example of Recursive Routines

Example of Intrinsic Functions

Example of Bit Manipulation

General Reference

C Functions for Calling COBOL

COBOL Language Reference

COBOL Language Supported and Copyrights

Notations

Part 1. Concepts

Introduction to the COBOL Language

The COBOL Language

Source Format

Fixed Format

Concepts of the COBOL Language

Character Set

Language Structure

Separators

Character-strings

COBOL Words

Scope of Names

Conventions for Program-names

Conventions for Condition-names, Data-names, File-names, Record-names, Report-names and Typedef-names

Conventions for Index-names

Conventions for Class-names (for Object Orientation) and Interface-names

Conventions for Method-names

Conventions for Function-prototype-names

Conventions for Program-prototype-names

Figurative Constant Values

Constant-names

Concatenation Expressions

Special Registers

Predefined Object Identifiers

PICTURE Character-Strings

Formats and Rules

Concept of Computer-independent Data Description

Concept of Levels

Level-Numbers

Class and Category of Data

Algebraic Signs

Standard Alignment Rules

Item Alignment for Increased Object-code Efficiency

Selection of Character Representation and Radix

DISPLAY Format

COMPUTATIONAL, BINARY, or COMPUTATIONAL-4 Format

Computer Memory Natural Boundaries

Synchronization

Implicit Synchronization

Example of Implicit FILLER Assignments

Truncation

Example of Truncation

COMPUTATIONAL-1, COMPUTATIONAL-2,FLOAT-SHORT and FLOAT-LONG Formats

COMPUTATIONAL-3 or PACKED-DECIMAL Format

COMPUTATIONAL-X and COMPUTATIONAL-5 Formats

POINTER Format

PROCEDURE-POINTER Format

Uniqueness of Reference

Reference Modification

Identifier

Condition-name

Object property

Inline method invocation

Object-view

Data-address-identifier

Type of identifier

Program-address-identifier

Explicit and Implicit Specifications

Explicit and Implicit Procedure Division References

Explicit and Implicit Transfers of Control

Explicit and Implicit Attributes

Explicit and Implicit Scope Terminators

Language Fundamentals

Optional Division, Section and Paragraph Headings

Files

Sequential Input/Output

Record Sequential Input/Output

Line Sequential Input/Output

Organization of Line and Record Sequential Files

Access Mode

Relative Input/Output

Organization of Relative Files

Access Mode

Indexed Input/Output

Organization of Indexed Files

Access Mode

Sharing Mode

Object-oriented COBOL Concepts

Objects and Classes

Object References

Predefined Object References

Methods

Method Invocation

Conformance and Interfaces

Conformance for Object Orientation

Interfaces

Conformance between Interfaces

Conformance for Parameterized Classes and Parameterized Interfaces

Polymorphism

Class Inheritance

Interface Inheritance

Interface Implementation

Parameterized Classes

Parameterized Interfaces

Object Life Cycle

Life Cycle of Factory Objects

Life Cycle of Objects

Life Cycle of Parameterized Classes

Life Cycle of Parameterized Interfaces

Managed Code Concepts

Attributes, Custom Attributes

Delegates and Events

Enumerations and Enum types

Extension Methods in Managed COBOL

Nested Classes in Managed COBOL

Data Types in Managed COBOL

Specifying Type Names

Simplified Class Layout

Run Unit Communication

Common, Initial and Recursive Attributes

Sharing Data

Sharing File Connectors

Data Division

Automatic, Initial and Static

State of a Function, Method, Object or Program

State of a Function, Method or Program

Active State

Initial and Last-used States of Data

Initial State

Last-used State

Initial State of an Object

Global Names and Local Names

External and Internal Items

Procedure Division

Execution

Statements and Sentences

Conditional Statement

Conditional Sentence

COBOL System-Directing Statement

COBOL System-Directing Sentence

Compiler Directives

Imperative Statement

Imperative Sentence

Delimited Scope Statements

Categories of Statements

Reference Format

Reference Format Representation

Sequence Numbers

Continuation of Lines

Blank Lines

Pseudo-text

Division, Section and Paragraph Formats

Division Header

Section Header

Paragraph Header, Paragraph-name and Paragraph

Data Division Entries

Declaratives

Comment Lines

In-line Comments

Part 2. Program Definition

Compilation Group

Compilation Groups

End Markers

Identification Division

Identification Division - General Description

The Program-ID Paragraph

The Class-ID Paragraph

The Factory Paragraph

The Object Paragraph

The Method-ID Paragraph

The Interface-ID Paragraph

The Function-ID Paragraph

The Date-Compiled Paragraph

The Delegate-ID Paragraph

The Enum-ID Paragraph

The Iterator-ID Paragraph

The Operator-ID Paragraph

The Valuetype-ID Paragraph

Environment Division

General Description

Configuration Section

The Source-Computer Paragraph

The Object-Computer Paragraph

The Special-Names Paragraph

The Repository Paragraph

The Constraints Paragraph

The Class-Attributes Paragraph

The Assembly-Attributes Paragraph

Input-Output Section

The File-Control Paragraph

The File Control Entry

The I-O-Control Paragraph

Data Division

General Description

File Section

Working-Storage Section

Thread-Local-Storage Section

Object-Storage Section

Local-Storage Section

Linkage Section

Screen Section

File and Data Description

File Description Entry Skeleton

The BLOCK CONTAINS Clause

The CODE-SET Clause

The DATA RECORDS Clause

The EXTERNAL Clause

The GLOBAL Clause

The LABEL RECORDS Clause

The LINAGE Clause

The RECORD Clause

The THREAD-LOCAL Clause

The VALUE OF Clause

The RECORDING MODE Clause

Data Description Entry Skeleton

The ANY LENGTH Clause

The BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause

The ATTRIBUTE, CUSTOM-ATTRIBUTE Clause

The Data-name or FILLER Clause

The GROUP-USAGE Clause

The SYNCHRONIZED Clause

The TYPEDEF Clause

Screen Section Entry Skeleton

The VALUE Clause

Screen Section

The AUTO Clause

The BACKGROUND-COLOR Clause

The BELL Clause

The BLANK Clause

The BLANK WHEN ZERO Clause in the Screen Section

The FOREGROUND-COLOR Clause

The JUSTIFIED Clause in the Screen Section

The LEFTLINE Clause

The LINE Clause

The LOWLIGHT Clause

The OCCURS Clause in the Screen Section

The OVERLINE Clause

The PICTURE Clause in the Screen Section

The PROMPT Clause

The REQUIRED Clause

The REVERSE-VIDEO Clause

The SECURE Clause

The SIGN Clause in the Screen Section

The SIZE Clause

The TO Clause

The UNDERLINE Clause

The USAGE Clause in the Screen Section

The USING Clause

The VALUE Clause in the Screen Section

The ZERO-FILL Clause

Procedure Division

Procedure Division General Description

The PROCEDURE DIVISION Header

Arithmetic Expressions

Arithmetic Operators

Bitwise Operators

Permissible Combinations of Symbols

Formation and Evaluation Rules

Intermediate Results

Conditional Expressions

Simple Conditions

Relation Condition

Comparison of Numeric Operands (Relation Condition)

Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands (Relation Condition)

Comparisons Involving Index-Names and/or Index Data Items (Relation Condition)

Comparisons Involving Data Items with USAGE POINTER (Relation Condition)

Comparisons Involving Data Items with USAGE PROCEDURE-POINTER (Relation Condition)

Comparisons Involving Data Items with USAGE OBJECT (Relation Condition)

Class Condition

Condition-name Condition (Conditional Variable)

Switch-Status Condition

Sign Condition

Omitted-argument Condition

Instance-of Condition

Complex Condition

Negated Simple Condition

Combined and Negated Combined Condition

Abbreviated Combined Relation Conditions

Condition Evaluation Rules

Common Phrases

Arithmetic Statements

Overlapping Operands

Multiple Results in Arithmetic Statements

Incompatible Data

Signed Receiving Items

The ROUNDED Phrase

The ON SIZE ERROR Phrase and NOT ON SIZE ERROR Phrase

ON SIZE ERROR Phrase Not Specified

ON SIZE ERROR Phrase Specified

The NOT ON SIZE ERROR Phrase

The CORRESPONDING Phrase

File I/O Concepts

File Position Indicator

I-O Status

Status Key 1

Successful Completion

AT END Condition with Unsuccessful Completion

INVALID KEY Condition with Unsuccessful Completion

Permanent Error Condition with Unsuccessful Completion

Logic Error Condition with Unsuccessful Completion

Run-Time System Error Message

Valid Combinations of Status Keys 1 And 2

The AT END Condition

The INVALID KEY Condition

Sharing Files on Multi-user Systems

Single Record Locking

Multiple Record Locking

Default Record Locking

Conformance for Parameters and Returning Items

Parameters

Group Items

Elementary Items

Elementary Items Passed by Reference

Elementary Items Passed by Content or by Value

Returning Items

Intrinsic Functions

Function Types

Date Conversion Functions

Trigonometric Functions

Definitions of Functions

The BOOLEAN-OF-INTEGER Statement

The CHAR Function

The CHAR-NATIONAL Function

The COS Function

The CURRENT-DATE Function

The DATE-OF-INTEGER Function

The DATE-TO-YYYYMMDD Function

The DAY-OF-INTEGER Function

The DAY-TO-YYYYDDD Function

The DISPLAY-OF Function

The E Function

The EXP Function

The EXP10 Function

The FACTORIAL Function

The FRACTION-PART Function

The INTEGER Function

The INTEGER-OF-BOOLEAN Statement

The INTEGER-OF-DATE Function

The INTEGER-OF-DAY Function

The INTEGER-PART Function

The LENGTH Function

The LENGTH-AN Function

The LOG Function

The LOG10 Function

The LOWER-CASE Function

The MAX Function

The MEAN Function

The MEDIAN Function

The MIDRANGE Function

The MIN Function

The MOD Function

The NATIONAL-OF Function

The NUMVAL Function

The NUMVAL-C Function

The PRESENT-VALUE Function

The STANDARD-DEVIATION Function

The USUPPLEMENTARY Function

The UVALID Function

The UWIDTH Function

The UPPER-CASE Function

The VARIANCE Function

The WHEN-COMPILED Function

The YEAR-TO-YYYY Function

Statements

The CREATE Collection Statement

The ADD Statement

The ALLOCATE Statement

The COMPUTE Statement

The CONTINUE Statement

The DECLARE Statement

The DELETE Statement

The DELETE FILE Statement

The DETACH Statement

Appendix A - JSON GENERATE Source Items

The DIVIDE Statement

The ENTER Statement

The ENTRY Statement

The EVALUATE Statement

The EXAMINE Statement

The EXEC(UTE) Statement

The EXHIBIT Statement

The INITIALIZE Statement

The INSPECT Statement

The INVOKE Statement

The JSON GENERATE Statement

Appendix B - JSON Output Text

Appendix C - Elementary Data Format Conversions

Appendix D - Trimming of Generated JSON Data

Appendix E - JSON Name Formation

The MERGE Statement

The MOVE Statement

The MULTIPLY Statement

The NEXT SENTENCE Statement

The NOTE Statement

The ON Statement

The OPEN Statement

The PERFORM Statement

The RAISE Statement

The READ Statement

The RELEASE Statement

The RESET Collection Statement

The RETURN Statement

The REWRITE Statement

The ROLLBACK Statement

The SEARCH Statement

The SERVICE Statement

The SUBTRACT Statement

The SYNC Statement

The TRANSFORM Statement

The TRY Statement

The UNLOCK Statement

The UNSTRING Statement

The USE Statement

The WAIT Statement

The WRITE Statement

The XML GENERATE Statement

The XML PARSE Statement

Compiler-directing Statements

Source Text Manipulation

The COPY Statement

The REPLACE Statement

Editor Control

$REGION Statement

The BASIS Mechanism

The BASIS Statement

The DELETE Statement - BASIS Control

The INSERT Statement - BASIS Control

The ++INCLUDE and -INC Mechanisms

The -INC Statement

The ++INCLUDE Statement

Conditional Compilation

The Listing Control Statements

The EJECT Statement

The SKIP1, SKIP2 and SKIP3 Statements

The TITLE Statement

Compiler Directives Specific to Your COBOL System

Examples

Call Prototypes

Calling and Setting a Procedure-Pointer

Call Returning a Dynamically Allocated Data Area from a Subprogram

Compilation Group

COPY (ANSI'68 or LANGLVL(1) Variation)

COPY (Partial Word Replacement)

CRT STATUS Clause of the SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph

$IF Statement (Conditional Compilation)

INSPECT Statement (Tallying, Replacing, and Converting)

NEXT Phrase of CONSTANT-NAMES

SEARCH statement

SORT a File Using Input and Output Procedures

SORT Table Entries

Split Key

Typedef - User Defined USAGE or Structure

Part 3. Additional Topics

XML Syntax Extensions

XML File Status Codes

XML Preprocessor Restrictions

XML Syntax - CLOSE Statement

XML Syntax - COUNT IN Clause

XML Syntax - DELETE Statement

XML Syntax - IDENTIFIED BY Clause

XML Syntax - NAMESPACE clause

XML Syntax - PROCESSING-INSTRUCTION Clause

XML Syntax - OPEN Statement

XML Syntax - READ Statement

XML Syntax - REWRITE Statement

XML Syntax - SELECT Clause

XML Syntax - START Statement

XML Syntax - WRITE Statement

XML Syntax - XD File Description

Report Writer

Report Structure

Report Subdivisions

Physical Subdivision of a Report

Logical Subdivisions of a Report

Procedure Division Report Writer Statements

Language Concepts

Report File

Special Register PAGE-COUNTER

Special Register LINE-COUNTER

Special Register PRINT-SWITCH

Subscripting

Environment Division

Input-Output Section

The File-Control Paragraph

The I-O-Control Paragraph

Data Division

The File Description Entry (Report Writer)

The REPORT Clause

Report Section

The Report Description Entry

The Report Group Description Entry

Presentation Rules Tables

Organization

Line Number Clause Notation

Line Number Clause Sequence Substitutions

Saved Next Group Integer Description

Report Heading Group Presentation Rules

Page Heading Group Presentation Rules

Body Group Presentation Rules

Page Footing Presentation Rules

Report Footing Presentation Rules

The COLUMN NUMBER Clause (Report Writer)

Data-name (Report Writer)

The GROUP INDICATE Clause

Level-Number (Report Writer)

The LINE NUMBER Clause (Report Writer)

The NEXT GROUP Clause

The SIGN Clause (Report Writer)

The SOURCE Clause (Report Writer)

The SUM Clause (Report Writer)

The TYPE Clause

The VALUE Clause (Report Writer)

Procedure Division

General Description

The CLOSE Statement

The GENERATE Statement

The INITIATE Statement

The OPEN Statement (Report Writer)

The SUPPRESS Statement

The TERMINATE Statement

The USE BEFORE REPORTING Statement

Debug Module

Standard ANSI COBOL Debug

Object-time Switch

COBOL Debug RTS Switch

Debugging Lines

Environment Division

The WITH DEBUGGING MODE Clause

Procedure Division

The READY TRACE Statement

The RESET TRACE Statement

The USE FOR DEBUGGING Statement

Segmentation

General Description of Segmentation

Organization

Program Segments

Fixed Portion

Independent Segments

Segmentation Classification

Segmentation Control

Structure of Program Segments

Segment-Numbers

The SEGMENT-LIMIT Clause

Restrictions on Program Flow

The ALTER Statement

The PERFORM Statement

The MERGE Statement

The SORT Statement

Double-Byte Character Set Support

DBCS Data

Roman Script in DBCS

Multivendor Integration Architecture Support

Source Programs

Language Extensions

Comments and Comment-entries

Data Items

Literals

DBCS Literals

Category of DBCS Literals

Mixed Literals

Figurative Constants

The "N" literal

Program Structure

The END PROGRAM Header (DBCS)

Identification Division

The PROGRAM-ID Paragraph (DBCS)

Environment Division

The SOURCE-COMPUTER Paragraph (DBCS)

The OBJECT-COMPUTER Paragraph (DBCS)

The SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph (DBCS)

The FILE-CONTROL Paragraph (DBCS)

Data Division

The JUSTIFIED Clause (DBCS)

The PICTURE Clause (DBCS)

The REDEFINES Clause (DBCS)

The RENAMES Clause (DBCS)

The USAGE Clause (DBCS)

The VALUE Clause (DBCS)

Procedure Division

Conditional Expressions (DBCS)

Relation Conditions

Class Condition

Statements that Involve Moving Data

The ACCEPT Statement (DBCS)

The CALL Statement (DBCS)

The CANCEL Statement (DBCS)

The INITIALIZE Statement (DBCS)

The INSPECT Statement (DBCS)

The MOVE Statement (DBCS)

The SEARCH Statement (DBCS)

The STOP Statement (DBCS)

The STRING Statement (DBCS)

The UNSTRING Statement (DBCS)

Micro Focus Extensions for Double-Byte Character Support

Environment Division

The OBJECT-COMPUTER Paragraph

The SPECIAL-NAMES Paragraph

The FILE-CONTROL Paragraph

Data Division

The JUSTIFIED Clause

The PICTURE Clause (DBCS)

Method Interface Definition

The VALUE Clause

Procedure Division

Conditional Expressions

The INITIALIZE Statement

The INSPECT Statement

The MOVE Statement

The SEARCH Statement

The STRING Statement

The UNSTRING Statement

Micro Focus OO COBOL Extensions

Summary of Obsolete Language Elements

Additional Dialect Support

ACUCOBOL-GT Syntax Extensions

Program Structure

Identification Division

PROGRAM-ID Paragraph

Environment Division

The File-Control Paragraph

Data Division

SYNCHRONIZED Clause

USAGE Clause

Procedure Division

Procedure Division Statements

ACCEPT FROM

ACCEPT FROM ENVIRONMENT

INSPECT

OPEN Statement

SET ENVIRONMENT

Data General Interactive COBOL V1.3 Syntax Support

Environment Division

Switch-Names

File-Name on Disk

The DATA SIZE Clause

The INDEX SIZE Clause

Duplicate Alternate Keys

Alternate Keys

I-O-Control Paragraph

Data Division

VALUE Clause

The Screen Section

Procedure Division

The CALL Statement

The COPY INDEXED Statement

Special Registers LIN and COL

Microsoft COBOL V1.0 and V2.0 Syntax Support

Environment Division

The Special-Names Paragraph

Data Division

The Position-Specification Phrase

Procedure Division

READ Statement (in Manual Mode)

The EXHIBIT Statement

Microsoft V2.0 Additional Syntax Support

Record LOCKING

OPEN LOCKING Statement

START Statement

RM/COBOL Syntax Support

Environment Division

The ASSIGN Clause

The CODE-SET Clause

The ORGANIZATION Clause

The RECORD DELIMITER Clause

Data Division

Default Sign Representation

Procedure Division

Literals as Call Parameters

Locked Records

Non-standard Operations on Alphanumeric Data Items

OPEN and CLOSE on Sequential Files

Procedure Names

REWRITE on LINE SEQUENTIAL Files

Size Allocation for Index Data Items

The EXIT PROGRAM Statement

The PERFORM Statement

The STOP RUN Statement

Siemens BS2000 COBOL Syntax Support

Concepts

Floating-point Literals

Function-Identifier

Representation of Numeric Items

The BINARY, COMPUTATIONAL and COMPUTATIONAL-5 phrases

File Concepts

Subscripts

Object Views

Identification Division

Identification Division Header

Identification Division Structure

The Class-ID Paragraph

The Factory Paragraph

The Interface-ID Paragraph

The Method-ID Paragraph (Siemens BS2000 COBOL)

The Object Paragraph

Environment Division

The Special-Names Paragraph

The File Control Entry

The Repository Paragraph

Data Division

The File Description Entry

The Sort-Merge File Description Entry

The Working-Storage Section

The SYNCHRONIZED Clause

Procedure Division

Intrinsic Functions

The CLOSE Statement

Record Sequential Files

Line Sequential Files

The EXIT PERFORM Statement

The ENTRY Statement

The EVALUATE Statement

The GOBACK Statement

The INSPECT Statement

The READ Statement

Relative and Indexed Files

The REWRITE Statement

The SEARCH Statement

The SET Statement

The SORT Statement

Sorting of Tables

Sorting Two-digit Years with a Century Window

The START Statement

Relative and Indexed Files

The STRING Statement

The USE Statement

The WRITE Statement

Sequential Files

Compiler Directing Statements

The COPY Statement

VS COBOL II Compatibility

Part 4: Appendices

Character Sets and Collating Sequences

ANSI File Status Summary

ANSI'74 File Status Codes

ANSI'85 File Status Codes

Reserved Words

Reserved Words Table

Context-sensitive Words Table

JSON-CODE Exception Codes

XML-CODE Exception Codes

Glossary

Command line reference

Setting Directives

The Order in which Compiler Directives are Processed

System-wide Directives File, cobol.dir

$SET Statements in the Source Code

User Directives File

Compiling and Linking from the Command Line

Introduction to the cob command

cob (cob32 or cob64) Command

cob Options Syntax

cob Option Processing and Search Order

cobopt File

COBOPT Environment Variable

Creating Different Types of Files

Simple Default Linking

Resolving Unresolved References in System Executables

Creating Intermediate Code Files

Creating Generated Code Files

Callable Shared Objects

Creating Callable Shared Objects

Entry Points

Resolving Unresolved References in Callable Shared Objects

Advanced Uses

Self-Contained Callable Shared Objects

Creating Executables that Use Library Files

Creating Shared Libraries

Creating an Executable Run-time System (RTS)

Creating Executables that Use the Dynamic Loader

Creating Dynamically Loadable Files

cob Flags

Pass Option to Assembler (-A as_option)

Compile for Animation (-a)

Pass Syntax-check Phase Directive to the Compiler (-C directive)

Pass Option to the C Compiler (-CC cc_option)

Pass Option to the C++ Compiler (+CC cc_option)

Compile No Further Than Linkable Object Module (-c)

Dynamically Load Symbol (-d symb)

Set Initial Entry Point (-e epsym)

Create Information for Symbolic Debugger (-g)

Include Symbol in Executable File (-I symb)

Compile to Intermediate Code for Unlinked Environment (-i)

Compile to JVM Byte Code (-j)

Recognize COBOL Source File with Non-standard Filename Extensions (-k cobol-file)

Pass Option to System Linker Changing Search Algorithm and Maintaining Relative Ordering (-L dir)

Pass Option to System Linker After All Other Options Changing the Search Algorithm (+L dir)

Pass Option to System Linker Maintaining Relative Ordering (-l lib)

Pass Option to System Linker After All Other Options (+l lib)

Map Symbol to New Symbol (-m symb=newsym)

Pass Generate Phase Directive (-N directive)

Enable Optimization (-O)

Specify Output File-name (-o filename)

Produce Listing File (-P)

Pass Flag to C Compiler to Use Profiling Routines (-p)

Pass Option to System Linker (-Q ld_option or -Q,1 ld_option or -Q,2ld_option)

Create Multi-threading Program (-t)

Dynamically Load Unresolved Reference (-U)

Compile to Generated Code for Unlinked Environment (-u)

Report Version Number (-V)

Set Verbose Module (-v)

Control Error Level for cob Termination (-W err-level)

Exclude Symbol from the Executable Output File (-X symb)

Process to System Executable File (-x[,CC])

Produce a Shared Library for non-COBOL Applications (-Y[,CC])

Produce a Self-Contained Callable Shared Object for non-COBOL Applications (-y[,U][,CC])

Produce a Shared Library File for COBOL Applications (-Z[,CC])

Produce a Callable Shared Object for COBOL Applications (-z[,U][,CC])

Flags Reserved for Future Use

cob Error Messages

argument expected: option-name

cobol version number invalid - Call Technical Support

entry defined: entryname-1 conflicting "main" found in entrypoint-2

entry: entryname does not have "main" defined

I see no use for file-name

I see no work

invalid entry point name: entryname

options clash: option-names

cob Command Examples

Converting Header Files Using the H2cpy Utility

Running an Application from the Command Line

Command to Run a Linked System Executable Program

cobrun Command

cobrun Command Examples

Enhanced ACCEPT/DISPLAY Syntax

Displayed Data Format - Examples

Accepting Elementary Data Items from Single Fields

Accepting Single Fields

Alphanumeric Fields

Numeric and Numeric-edited Fields

Fixed-format Data Entry

Free-format Data Entry

RM-style Data Entry

Displaying Elementary Data Items in Single Fields

Displaying Single Fields

Control Sequences in Displayed Data

Displaying Highlighted Text

Accepting and Displaying Group Items

Accepting into Group Items

Displaying Group Items

MODE IS BLOCK Clause

Accepting and Displaying Screen Section Items

Positioning the Cursor for ACCEPT Statements

Accepting and Displaying Data on Large Screens

CONTROL Clause

Keyboard Handling Via Adis

Types of Adis Keys

Function Key Handling

The CRT STATUS Clause

Normal termination of an ACCEPT operation

Default User Function Keys

Enabling and Disabling User Function Keys

Detecting User Function Keys

Using the Compatibility Key List for Adis Keys

The User Function Keys and Validation Clauses

Using the Adis Keys

Key Mappings for Standard Adis Functions

Standard Adis Key Functions

Mapping the Adis Keys to the Functions

Special Mapping Functions in Adis

Key Mappings for Special Adis Functions

Changing Adis Key Mappings from a Program

Conflict With the x"B0" COBOL System Library Routine

Enabling and Disabling Adis Keys

Detecting Adis Function Keys

Defining a Key in Both the User and Adis Key Lists

Data Key Handling

Controlling the Data Keys

Detecting Data Keys Set Up to Act as Function Keys

Shift Key Handling

Determining Available Shift Keys

Detecting the Current State of the Shift Keys

Enabling or Disabling Shift Keys to Terminate an ACCEPT

Lock Key Handling

Determining Available Lock Keys

Detecting the Current State of the Lock Keys

Enabling or Disabling Lock Keys to Terminate an ACCEPT

Converting Accepted Characters to Uppercase

Configuring Enhanced ACCEPT and DISPLAY

Invoking the Adis Configuration Utility

Menus

The Adis Configuration Utility Main Menu

The Adis Key Control Menu

The Alter Accept/Display Options Menu

The Alter All Messages Menu

The Alter All ACCEPT/DISPLAY Options Menu

The Alter Configuration Menu

The Alter Crt-Under Highlighting Menu

The Alter Function Mappings Menu

The Alter Indicators Menu

The Alter Individual Messages Menu

The Alter Individual Options Menu

The Alter Message/Indicator Positions Menu

The Alter Messages Menu

The Alter Tab Stops Menu

The Choose Configuration Menu

The Delete Configuration Menu

The Enable/Disable Adis Keys Menu

The Load Configuration Menu

The Save Menu

Adiscf Functions

Keyboard Configuration Utility (Keybcf)

Overview

The Key Lists

cobkeymp Tables

Invoking the Keyboard Configuration Utility

Using the Keyboard Configuration Utility

Reviewing Existing Function Key Definitions

Altering Function Key Definitions

Saving Function Key Definitions

Exiting From the Keyboard Configuration Utility

Example of Using the Keyboard Configuration Utility

Standard Adis Key Functions

Special Mapping Functions in Adis

Profiler

Introduction to Profiler

Invoking Profiler from the Command Line

Profiler Output

Time Spent in Called Programs

Directives for Profiler

Test Coverage (Native COBOL)

Overview - Test Coverage

Test Coverage Configuration File

Test Coverage Report Files

Format of a Test Coverage Report

Recompiling Programs

Reporting on Tagged Lines

Test Coverage Tag File

Test Coverage Utility Program (tcutil)

How To...

To use test coverage from the command line

To create test coverage reports

To report on tagged lines

Including Code Coverage in a Continuous Integration Process

Restrictions when Using Test Coverage

Troubleshooting Test Coverage

Test Coverage Error Messages

The cobutf8 Utility

Configuring the cobutf8 Configuration File

Running Your Application Through the cobutf8 Utility

Error Messages

Compiler Directives

Language Features

Language Features - Dialect

DIALECT

Language Features - Mainframe Compatibility

DIALECT

Language Features - Multi-threading

REENTRANT

SERIAL

Language Features - Reserved Word Control

Language Features - Speed

Language Features - Additional Features

Compiler Control

Compiler Control - Compile/Link Files

IDYSRCPATH (deprecated)

Compiler Control - Directives Control

COBOLDIR

CONFIRM

DIALECT

ACU DIALECT setting

OPT (Intel x86 platforms)

DIRECTIVES, DIR

DIRECTIVES-IN-COMMENTS

SETTING, SETTINGS

SHOW-DIR

USE

Compiler Control - Error and Flag Messages

Compiler Control - Listing

Compiler Control - Screen

Compiling for Debugging and Analysis

File Handling

WRITELOCK, WRITE-LOCK

WRITETHROUGH, WRITETHRU

Managed COBOL Command Line Compiler Directives

Application Directives

Code Generation Directives

ILOBJECTIFY (deprecated)

Reference, Resource and Namespace Directives

Strong Naming Directives

ILDELAYSIGN

ILKEYFILE

ILKEYNAME

Identity, Information and Manifest Directives

Object Code, Size, and Optimization

Object Code - External Handlers

CALLFH

CALLMCS

CALLSORT

Object Code - File Handling

WRITETHROUGH, WRITETHRU

Object Code - Interprogram Communication

Object Code - Size and Speed

OPT (Non-Intel x86 platforms)

Report Writer

Reserved Directives

Run-time Behavior

Run-time Behavior - General

CONVERTRET (deprecated)

Run-time Behavior - Arithmetic

NATIVE-FLOATING-POINT

SIGNDISCARD

TRUNC

Run-time Behavior - Mainframe Compatibility

DIALECT

Key to Compiler Directives

MAINFRAME-FLOATING-POINT

MAPNAME

NATIVE-FLOATING-POINT

Run-time Behavior - Compatibility with Older Micro Focus Products

WRITELOCK, WRITE-LOCK

Run-time Behavior - Compatibility with Other COBOL Dialects

Run-time Behavior - Speed or Size

Compiler Directives - Alphabetical List

CONVERTRET (deprecated)

DIALECT